{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048979223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000421","title":"Improving the Performance of Intelligent Back Analysis for Tunneling Using Optimized Fuzzy Systems: Case Study of the Karaj Subway Line 2 in Iran","display_name":"Improving the Performance of Intelligent Back Analysis for Tunneling Using Optimized Fuzzy Systems: Case Study of the Karaj Subway Line 2 in Iran","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-07-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048979223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000421","mag":"2048979223"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176637136","display_name":"Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering","issn_l":"0887-3801","issn":["0887-3801","1943-5487"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068511515","display_name":"Hossein Khamesi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Khamesi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Student, Master of Science in Mining Exploitation in Mining Engineering, Faculty of Mining, Petroleum and Geophysics, Shahrood Univ., Shahrood 9718946117, Iran (corresponding author)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Student, Master of Science in Mining Exploitation in Mining Engineering, Faculty of Mining, Petroleum and Geophysics, Shahrood Univ., Shahrood 9718946117, Iran (corresponding author)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111670376","display_name":"Seyed Rahman Torabi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176861719","display_name":"University of Shahrood","ror":"https://ror.org/00yqvtm78","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Rahman Torabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor, Faculty of Mining, Petroleum and Geophysics, Shahrood Univ., Shahrood 3619995161, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor, Faculty of Mining, Petroleum and Geophysics, Shahrood Univ., Shahrood 3619995161, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050657556","display_name":"Hossein Mirzaei-Nasirabad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4015-670X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176861719","display_name":"University of Shahrood","ror":"https://ror.org/00yqvtm78","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Mirzaei-Nasirabad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Faculty of Mining, Petroleum and Geophysics, Shahrood Univ., Shahrood 3619995161, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Faculty of Mining, Petroleum and Geophysics, Shahrood Univ., Shahrood 3619995161, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068001975","display_name":"Zakarya Ghadiri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150587","display_name":"Institute of Mining","ror":"https://ror.org/03vqakm84","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210150587","https://openalex.org/I4210163714"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zakarya Ghadiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Student, Master of Science in Mining Exploitation in Mining Engineering, Kavoshgaran Consulting Engineering, Tehran 4815866696, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Student, Master of Science in Mining Exploitation in Mining Engineering, Kavoshgaran Consulting Engineering, Tehran 4815866696, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068511515"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5254,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95863123,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"6","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13596","display_name":"Grouting, Rheology, and Soil Mechanics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12482","display_name":"Tunneling and Rock Mechanics","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.722179651260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5621333122253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5165671110153198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4940624535083771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.46049004793167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.44949787855148315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4384385943412781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.43484023213386536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.4285568594932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4155840575695038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-analysis","display_name":"Numerical analysis","score":0.41416260600090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4016179144382477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29465222358703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.20491835474967957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19813385605812073}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.722179651260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5621333122253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5165671110153198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4940624535083771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.46049004793167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.44949787855148315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4384385943412781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.43484023213386536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4285568594932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4155840575695038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48753275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11216","display_name":"Numerical analysis","level":2,"score":0.41416260600090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4016179144382477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29465222358703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.20491835474967957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19813385605812073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176637136","display_name":"Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering","issn_l":"0887-3801","issn":["0887-3801","1943-5487"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511831332","https://openalex.org/W1553483187","https://openalex.org/W1590762254","https://openalex.org/W1898604570","https://openalex.org/W1965837012","https://openalex.org/W1968459808","https://openalex.org/W1975740441","https://openalex.org/W1981458862","https://openalex.org/W1982701576","https://openalex.org/W1985527370","https://openalex.org/W1988928699","https://openalex.org/W1992908737","https://openalex.org/W1993460862","https://openalex.org/W1997285096","https://openalex.org/W1997301673","https://openalex.org/W1999410444","https://openalex.org/W2004335957","https://openalex.org/W2008497344","https://openalex.org/W2013374428","https://openalex.org/W2031677259","https://openalex.org/W2032700882","https://openalex.org/W2033011996","https://openalex.org/W2048687993","https://openalex.org/W2051624851","https://openalex.org/W2060056815","https://openalex.org/W2062050997","https://openalex.org/W2065697996","https://openalex.org/W2068777479","https://openalex.org/W2075210165","https://openalex.org/W2082800635","https://openalex.org/W2087494330","https://openalex.org/W2089581766","https://openalex.org/W2096875072","https://openalex.org/W2097460058","https://openalex.org/W2103414828","https://openalex.org/W2110744083","https://openalex.org/W2115232070","https://openalex.org/W2116957451","https://openalex.org/W2121716324","https://openalex.org/W2127727096","https://openalex.org/W2130446937","https://openalex.org/W2135385818","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2160694327","https://openalex.org/W2165299997","https://openalex.org/W2334424365","https://openalex.org/W2364882335","https://openalex.org/W2484215240","https://openalex.org/W4205697259","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4236065546","https://openalex.org/W4241692252","https://openalex.org/W4298169796","https://openalex.org/W7010651154"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2789681586","https://openalex.org/W2794361564","https://openalex.org/W4243392960","https://openalex.org/W3156820950","https://openalex.org/W4232791346","https://openalex.org/W2971069100","https://openalex.org/W1588330912","https://openalex.org/W2504553392","https://openalex.org/W2788695490","https://openalex.org/W2358550275"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tunnels":[0],"are":[1,59,106,173],"often":[2],"designed":[3,107],"by":[4,100,108],"uncertain":[5],"geotechnical":[6],"data.":[7],"In":[8,71,128],"order":[9],"to":[10,19,61,140],"reduce":[11],"these":[12],"uncertainties,":[13],"back":[14,30,143,167],"analysis":[15,31,58,144,162],"is":[16,98,135,157],"commonly":[17],"selected":[18],"re-estimate":[20],"the":[21,63,69,72,75,87,91,129,142,147,155,160,164,171,176,184,192],"assumed":[22],"parameters.":[23],"This":[24],"paper":[25],"presents":[26],"a":[27,49,52],"novel,":[28],"intelligent":[29,195],"method":[32],"combining":[33],"fuzzy":[34,102,150,189],"systems,":[35],"imperialistic":[36,115,132],"competitive":[37,116,133],"algorithm,":[38,117],"and":[39,56,65,90,118,169],"numerical":[40,57,161],"analysis.":[41],"The":[42,181],"proposed":[43],"methodology":[44],"comprises":[45],"three":[46,101,109,148],"phases.":[47],"First,":[48],"database":[50],"of":[51,68,78,81,86,120,154,166,179],"real":[53],"case":[54],"study":[55],"used":[60],"develop":[62],"training":[64],"testing":[66],"data":[67],"study.":[70],"second":[73],"phase,":[74,131],"nonlinear":[76],"relationship":[77],"two":[79],"sets":[80],"parameters,":[82],"including":[83,111],"geomechanical":[84],"parameters":[85],"soil":[88],"mass":[89],"zone":[92],"stress":[93],"conditions,":[94],"with":[95,124,159,175],"surface":[96],"settlement":[97],"investigated":[99],"models.":[103,151],"These":[104],"models":[105,156],"methods":[110],"particle":[112,185],"swarm":[113,186],"optimization,":[114],"integration":[119],"nearest":[121],"neighborhood":[122],"clustering":[123],"gradient":[125],"descent":[126],"training.":[127],"last":[130],"algorithm":[134],"employed":[136],"one":[137],"more":[138],"time":[139],"implement":[141],"procedure":[145],"in":[146],"tuned":[149,188],"Finally,":[152],"verification":[153],"done":[158],"on":[163],"results":[165,172,182],"analysis,":[168],"then":[170],"compared":[174],"measured":[177],"values":[178],"settlements.":[180],"introduced":[183],"optimization":[187],"model":[190],"as":[191],"most":[193],"accurate":[194],"model.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
