{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2090496728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2011.2","title":"Is information systems a discipline? Foucauldian and Toulminian insights","display_name":"Is information systems a discipline? Foucauldian and Toulminian insights","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-02-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2090496728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2011.2","mag":"2090496728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1057/ejis.2011.2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2011.2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116712389","display_name":"European Journal of Information Systems","issn_l":"0960-085X","issn":["0960-085X","1476-9344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027623149","display_name":"Nik Rushdi Hassan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115145","display_name":"University of Minnesota, Duluth","ror":"https://ror.org/01hy4qx27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131218","display_name":"Duluth Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k3yk915","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131218"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nik R Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth U.S.A","University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145","https://openalex.org/I4210131218"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145","https://openalex.org/I4210131218"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027623149"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145","https://openalex.org/I4210131218"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.9629,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98942113,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"4","first_page":"456","last_page":"476"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11024","display_name":"Information Systems Theories and Implementation","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11024","display_name":"Information Systems Theories and Implementation","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.9743000268936157,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discipline","display_name":"Discipline","score":0.807201087474823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.7132802605628967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.677977442741394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.6123071908950806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.4590439200401306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics","display_name":"Engineering ethics","score":0.43585720658302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.4348015785217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdisciplinarity","display_name":"Interdisciplinarity","score":0.4191027283668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.28242480754852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.13799533247947693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08969047665596008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.08830112218856812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8795937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11862829","display_name":"Discipline","level":2,"score":0.807201087474823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7132802605628967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.677977442741394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.6123071908950806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.4590439200401306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.43585720658302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.4348015785217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133741464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849359","display_name":"Interdisciplinarity","level":2,"score":0.4191027283668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.28242480754852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13799533247947693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08969047665596008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08830112218856812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1057/ejis.2011.2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2011.2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116712389","display_name":"European Journal of Information Systems","issn_l":"0960-085X","issn":["0960-085X","1476-9344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:tjisxx:v:20:y:2011:i:4:p:456-476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1057/ejis.2011.2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":164,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W315293","https://openalex.org/W38034072","https://openalex.org/W48488267","https://openalex.org/W52169070","https://openalex.org/W52319684","https://openalex.org/W54263584","https://openalex.org/W68188847","https://openalex.org/W88249086","https://openalex.org/W94475854","https://openalex.org/W146766432","https://openalex.org/W172457936","https://openalex.org/W178795483","https://openalex.org/W224946160","https://openalex.org/W574136202","https://openalex.org/W602706095","https://openalex.org/W1070773254","https://openalex.org/W1267267802","https://openalex.org/W1487725643","https://openalex.org/W1487897302","https://openalex.org/W1491600141","https://openalex.org/W1505645607","https://openalex.org/W1506786841","https://openalex.org/W1507629439","https://openalex.org/W1511532355","https://openalex.org/W1511892251","https://openalex.org/W1515129579","https://openalex.org/W1515810707","https://openalex.org/W1517398176","https://openalex.org/W1520729343","https://openalex.org/W1522120993","https://openalex.org/W1524827457","https://openalex.org/W1529765481","https://openalex.org/W1530525227","https://openalex.org/W1530535913","https://openalex.org/W1532520187","https://openalex.org/W1532567208","https://openalex.org/W1537013758","https://openalex.org/W1544099675","https://openalex.org/W1546171873","https://openalex.org/W1547601285","https://openalex.org/W1549804633","https://openalex.org/W1560914538","https://openalex.org/W1565693361","https://openalex.org/W1568238390","https://openalex.org/W1569508062","https://openalex.org/W1582682002","https://openalex.org/W1584053331","https://openalex.org/W1587451402","https://openalex.org/W1589617306","https://openalex.org/W1592182057","https://openalex.org/W1593903722","https://openalex.org/W1598758256","https://openalex.org/W1699304400","https://openalex.org/W1699368119","https://openalex.org/W1748872158","https://openalex.org/W1791587663","https://openalex.org/W1917880663","https://openalex.org/W1929134071","https://openalex.org/W1949892024","https://openalex.org/W1965602425","https://openalex.org/W1965987773","https://openalex.org/W1968710643","https://openalex.org/W1978778927","https://openalex.org/W1980057792","https://openalex.org/W1997210479","https://openalex.org/W1999329047","https://openalex.org/W2017041372","https://openalex.org/W2031247304","https://openalex.org/W2038281539","https://openalex.org/W2042915359","https://openalex.org/W2043016193","https://openalex.org/W2045199082","https://openalex.org/W2048921248","https://openalex.org/W2052789560","https://openalex.org/W2052904559","https://openalex.org/W2053120142","https://openalex.org/W2057819918","https://openalex.org/W2061746292","https://openalex.org/W2066561047","https://openalex.org/W2066621499","https://openalex.org/W2070649469","https://openalex.org/W2073860209","https://openalex.org/W2080577950","https://openalex.org/W2081056342","https://openalex.org/W2085041234","https://openalex.org/W2090348578","https://openalex.org/W2095556304","https://openalex.org/W2100044008","https://openalex.org/W2100913660","https://openalex.org/W2103341813","https://openalex.org/W2104153957","https://openalex.org/W2107934780","https://openalex.org/W2108752510","https://openalex.org/W2112464985","https://openalex.org/W2112839100","https://openalex.org/W2115121100","https://openalex.org/W2116721563","https://openalex.org/W2117550475","https://openalex.org/W2120691306","https://openalex.org/W2123601949","https://openalex.org/W2128655828","https://openalex.org/W2129100796","https://openalex.org/W2130313148","https://openalex.org/W2132599091","https://openalex.org/W2134155359","https://openalex.org/W2135691596","https://openalex.org/W2142842059","https://openalex.org/W2151020819","https://openalex.org/W2153803261","https://openalex.org/W2156193217","https://openalex.org/W2160509052","https://openalex.org/W2162213353","https://openalex.org/W2169736278","https://openalex.org/W2210818202","https://openalex.org/W2286280216","https://openalex.org/W2288758503","https://openalex.org/W2312959555","https://openalex.org/W2315701692","https://openalex.org/W2315803208","https://openalex.org/W2320311541","https://openalex.org/W2321341227","https://openalex.org/W2324258672","https://openalex.org/W2328371757","https://openalex.org/W2333018025","https://openalex.org/W2333909909","https://openalex.org/W2334467795","https://openalex.org/W2368218435","https://openalex.org/W2413412786","https://openalex.org/W2574713709","https://openalex.org/W2587205267","https://openalex.org/W2621402863","https://openalex.org/W2752600643","https://openalex.org/W2753533763","https://openalex.org/W2798862961","https://openalex.org/W2799651079","https://openalex.org/W2800203949","https://openalex.org/W2800925823","https://openalex.org/W2896385382","https://openalex.org/W2902443132","https://openalex.org/W2912293881","https://openalex.org/W2944396698","https://openalex.org/W2945746288","https://openalex.org/W3018587377","https://openalex.org/W3123014447","https://openalex.org/W3123365495","https://openalex.org/W3138663476","https://openalex.org/W3139574540","https://openalex.org/W3141935688","https://openalex.org/W3145974016","https://openalex.org/W3146429023","https://openalex.org/W3194669309","https://openalex.org/W4233543946","https://openalex.org/W4239412360","https://openalex.org/W4239456620","https://openalex.org/W4241607431","https://openalex.org/W4244980072","https://openalex.org/W4251829293","https://openalex.org/W4255847206","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4297081765","https://openalex.org/W4299503366","https://openalex.org/W4300778821","https://openalex.org/W4388150685","https://openalex.org/W4388152049"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2936174221","https://openalex.org/W2898613671","https://openalex.org/W1975614388","https://openalex.org/W4224284113","https://openalex.org/W4311938339","https://openalex.org/W2765403981","https://openalex.org/W1970583332","https://openalex.org/W2091306555","https://openalex.org/W4231974725","https://openalex.org/W2390853726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Following":[0],"the":[1,11,20,24,34,46,58,88,90,98,101,105,124,158,172,175,183,201,211,233],"Kleinian":[2],"spirit,":[3],"this":[4],"study":[5,91,202],"takes":[6],"a":[7,81,152,191],"critical":[8],"view":[9],"of":[10,31,37,44,63,100,157,174,235],"existing":[12],"orthodoxy":[13],"within":[14],"information":[15],"systems":[16],"(IS)":[17],"and":[18,28,40,61,84,86,122,140,142,163,179,195,198,230],"reframes":[19],"ongoing":[21],"discussion":[22,47],"concerning":[23],"intellectual":[25,164,212],"core,":[26],"identity":[27],"disciplinary":[29,35,70],"status":[30],"IS":[32,64,102,106,125,145,148,159,176,184],"using":[33],"analysis":[36],"Michel":[38],"Foucault":[39],"Stephen":[41],"Toulmin.":[42],"Instead":[43],"limiting":[45],"to":[48,74,79,128,130],"specific":[49],"paradigms,":[50],"topics,":[51],"subjects":[52],"or":[53,115],"content,":[54],"it":[55,77],"focuses":[56],"on":[57,210,218,223],"characteristics,":[59],"rules":[60],"goals":[62],"as":[65],"an":[66],"academic":[67],"field.":[68],"A":[69],"lens":[71],"is":[72,146],"used":[73],"frame":[75],"what":[76],"means":[78],"be":[80],"field,":[82],"discipline":[83],"science,":[85],"in":[87],"process":[89],"uncovers":[92],"four":[93],"doxas":[94],"that":[95,169,206],"have":[96],"shaped":[97],"development":[99,234],"field:":[103],"(1)":[104,208],"research":[107],"community":[108],"sees":[109],"no":[110],"difference":[111],"between":[112],"fields,":[113],"disciplines":[114,134],"sciences;":[116],"(2)":[117,216],"IT":[118],"changes":[119],"so":[120],"rapidly,":[121],"thus":[123],"field":[126,185],"needs":[127],"change":[129],"remain":[131],"relevant;":[132],"(3)":[133,221],"are":[135],"by":[136],"definition":[137],"rigid,":[138],"inflexible":[139],"uni-theoretical":[141],"(4)":[143,226],"because":[144],"pluralistic,":[147],"should":[149],"not":[150],"become":[151],"discipline.":[153],"This":[154],"study's":[155],"analyses":[156],"field's":[160,177],"discursive":[161],"formation":[162],"ideals":[165,213],"offer":[166],"novel":[167],"perspectives":[168],"allow":[170],"for":[171,214],"integration":[173],"plurality":[178],"diversity.":[180],"To":[181],"transform":[182],"from":[186],"its":[187],"multimodal":[188],"existence":[189],"into":[190],"vibrant,":[192],"diverse,":[193],"academically":[194],"socially":[196],"relevant":[197],"influential":[199],"discipline,":[200],"proposes":[203],"actionable":[204],"strategies":[205],"include":[207],"agreeing":[209],"IS,":[215],"focusing":[217,222],"conceptual":[219],"formation,":[220],"theory":[224],"construction,":[225],"erecting":[227],"genealogical":[228],"boundaries":[229],"(5)":[231],"fostering":[232],"professional":[236],"bodies.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
