{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2003628008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601791","title":"A metaheuristic for the vehicle-routeing problem with soft time windows","display_name":"A metaheuristic for the vehicle-routeing problem with soft time windows","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2003628008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601791","mag":"2003628008"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169988927","display_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","issn_l":"0160-5682","issn":["0160-5682","1476-9360"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"W-C Chiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87208437","display_name":"University of Tulsa","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn28048","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"W-C Chiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Operations Management, University of Tulsa Tulsa OK USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Operations Management, University of Tulsa Tulsa OK USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112782752","display_name":"R. Andrew Russell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87208437","display_name":"University of Tulsa","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn28048","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R A Russell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Operations Management, University of Tulsa Tulsa OK USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Operations Management, University of Tulsa Tulsa OK USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5397,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88826475,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"12","first_page":"1298","last_page":"1310"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.8898801207542419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tabu-search","display_name":"Tabu search","score":0.8791661262512207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.7606034278869629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6568337082862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5796283483505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-shop-scheduling","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","score":0.49153932929039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.48825696110725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-management","display_name":"Project management","score":0.48603636026382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighbourhood","display_name":"Neighbourhood (mathematics)","score":0.4599212408065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-computing","display_name":"Soft computing","score":0.4158038794994354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.35686197876930237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23290666937828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15602514147758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15449616312980652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1385575830936432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.13087135553359985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.08336940407752991}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.8898801207542419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123370116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424540","display_name":"Tabu search","level":2,"score":0.8791661262512207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.7606034278869629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6568337082862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5796283483505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.49153932929039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.48825696110725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15952604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179012","display_name":"Project management","level":2,"score":0.48603636026382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161677786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2478475","display_name":"Neighbourhood (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4599212408065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140073362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738759","display_name":"Soft computing","level":3,"score":0.4158038794994354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35686197876930237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23290666937828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15602514147758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15449616312980652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1385575830936432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.13087135553359985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.08336940407752991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169988927","display_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","issn_l":"0160-5682","issn":["0160-5682","1476-9360"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:pal:jorsoc:v:55:y:2004:i:12:d:10.1057_palgrave.jors.2601791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://link.springer.com/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W187359699","https://openalex.org/W2007401074","https://openalex.org/W2011857005","https://openalex.org/W2013142789","https://openalex.org/W2017413817","https://openalex.org/W2017573401","https://openalex.org/W2042986967","https://openalex.org/W2056638946","https://openalex.org/W2084977713","https://openalex.org/W2096305430","https://openalex.org/W2111581650","https://openalex.org/W2126598061","https://openalex.org/W2140318223","https://openalex.org/W2143731413","https://openalex.org/W2153061376","https://openalex.org/W2162508334","https://openalex.org/W2513094291"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4321504838","https://openalex.org/W2794855054","https://openalex.org/W3159581029","https://openalex.org/W2324905915","https://openalex.org/W2081475278","https://openalex.org/W2005169299","https://openalex.org/W2144570772","https://openalex.org/W2919842722","https://openalex.org/W2064998473","https://openalex.org/W2148102208"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2],"develops":[3],"a":[4,26],"metaheuristic":[5,50],"for":[6],"the":[7,45],"vehicle-routeing":[8],"and":[9,30],"scheduling":[10],"problem":[11],"with":[12,56],"soft":[13],"time":[14],"window":[15],"constraints.":[16],"A":[17],"tabu":[18],"search":[19],"solution":[20],"method":[21],"is":[22],"developed,":[23],"which":[24],"utilizes":[25],"mixed":[27],"neighbourhood":[28],"structure":[29],"an":[31],"advanced":[32],"recovery":[33],"procedure":[34],"to":[35],"generate":[36],"high-quality":[37],"solutions.":[38],"Computational":[39],"results":[40],"on":[41],"test":[42],"problems":[43],"from":[44],"literature":[46],"are":[47],"reported.":[48],"The":[49],"achieves":[51],"solutions":[52],"that":[53],"compare":[54],"favourably":[55],"previously":[57],"reported":[58],"results.":[59]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}