{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975206588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600619","title":"Using a Markov reward model to estimate spend-down costs for a geriatric department","display_name":"Using a Markov reward model to estimate spend-down costs for a geriatric department","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975206588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600619","mag":"1975206588"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600619","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169988927","display_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","issn_l":"0160-5682","issn":["0160-5682","1476-9360"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022378204","display_name":"Sally McClean","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6871-3504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S I McClean","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulster"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulster","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057405918","display_name":"B. McAlea","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B McAlea","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulster"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulster","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072004145","display_name":"P H Millard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","display_name":"St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/040f08y74","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I165862685"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P H Millard","raw_affiliation_strings":["St. George's Hospital Medical School"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. George's Hospital Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022378204"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7687,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87217367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"10","first_page":"1021","last_page":"1025"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.9419000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.9419000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-model","display_name":"Markov model","score":0.6092703342437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.5278422832489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/purchasing","display_name":"Purchasing","score":0.49081096053123474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geriatrics","display_name":"Geriatrics","score":0.45972272753715515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.44228336215019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.42606762051582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-care","display_name":"Acute care","score":0.42596665024757385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-emergency","display_name":"Medical emergency","score":0.4177423119544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.35412150621414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.3400195837020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3052760362625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.14608269929885864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.09674903750419617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.6092703342437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.5278422832489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778813691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369832","display_name":"Purchasing","level":2,"score":0.49081096053123474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54183767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10384","display_name":"Geriatrics","level":2,"score":0.45972272753715515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.44228336215019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.42606762051582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781385661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677918","display_name":"Acute care","level":3,"score":0.42596665024757385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.4177423119544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.35412150621414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3400195837020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3052760362625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.14608269929885864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.09674903750419617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600619","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169988927","display_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","issn_l":"0160-5682","issn":["0160-5682","1476-9360"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046577860","https://openalex.org/W2070678212","https://openalex.org/W2074096585","https://openalex.org/W2075379212","https://openalex.org/W2086663882","https://openalex.org/W2093526796","https://openalex.org/W2152238427","https://openalex.org/W2154341966","https://openalex.org/W2319622105","https://openalex.org/W2416383049","https://openalex.org/W2417099327","https://openalex.org/W2528368565"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2409990050","https://openalex.org/W2084326697","https://openalex.org/W2027903142","https://openalex.org/W2354322608","https://openalex.org/W2186675474","https://openalex.org/W2387462590","https://openalex.org/W2056274461","https://openalex.org/W2077211377","https://openalex.org/W2368739446","https://openalex.org/W2010321967"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"Markov":[1,20],"model":[2,66],"is":[3,67],"used":[4,68],"to":[5,32,60,69,97],"describe":[6],"movements":[7],"of":[8,18,35,44,81,90,119],"geriatric":[9,109],"patients":[10,110],"within":[11],"a":[12],"hospital":[13,95],"system":[14],"where":[15],"the":[16,19,33,41,71,85,105],"states":[17,34],"chain":[21],"are":[22,51,58],"acute/rehabilitative,":[23],"long-stay":[24,63,113],"care,":[25],"discharge":[26],"or":[27],"death.":[28],"By":[29],"assigning":[30],"costs":[31,43,57,73],"this":[36],"model,":[37],"we":[38],"can":[39],"estimate":[40,70],"spend-down":[42,72],"running":[45],"down":[46],"services":[47],"given":[48],"that":[49,107],"there":[50],"no":[52],"more":[53],"admissions":[54],"and":[55,62],"different":[56],"assigned":[59],"acute/rehabilitative":[61],"care.":[64],"The":[65],"using":[74],"data":[75],"previously":[76],"validated":[77],"for":[78,115],"three":[79],"Departments":[80],"Geriatric":[82],"Medicine":[83],"in":[84,112],"South":[86],"West":[87],"Thames":[88],"Region":[89],"England.":[91],"Our":[92],"approach":[93],"allows":[94],"planners":[96],"identify":[98],"cost-effective":[99],"strategies":[100],"which":[101],"take":[102],"into":[103],"account":[104],"fact":[106],"some":[108],"remain":[111],"care":[114],"very":[116],"long":[117],"periods":[118],"time.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
