{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1981150455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000029","title":"The Improvisation-Efficiency Paradox in Inter-Firm Electronic Networks: Governance and Architecture Considerations","display_name":"The Improvisation-Efficiency Paradox in Inter-Firm Electronic Networks: Governance and Architecture Considerations","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1981150455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000029","mag":"1981150455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135086714","display_name":"Journal of Information Technology","issn_l":"0268-3962","issn":["0268-3962","1466-4437"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039642929","display_name":"Benn R. Konsynski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benn Konsynski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001331480","display_name":"Amrit Tiwana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1750-2528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amrit Tiwana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039642929"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2519,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94532393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"4","first_page":"234","last_page":"243"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13402","display_name":"Business Strategy and Innovation","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13402","display_name":"Business Strategy and Innovation","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6904606819152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.6590831279754639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/improvisation","display_name":"Improvisation","score":0.6518573760986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.6086210608482361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5741221904754639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5113784670829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.4977448284626007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-governance","display_name":"Network governance","score":0.45769768953323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44663354754447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3738519549369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3713933229446411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.348815381526947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3256009817123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1958024501800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.12003287672996521}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6904606819152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.6590831279754639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125468537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214961","display_name":"Improvisation","level":2,"score":0.6518573760986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.6086210608482361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5741221904754639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5113784670829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.4977448284626007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775871377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157277","display_name":"Network governance","level":3,"score":0.45769768953323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44663354754447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3738519549369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3713933229446411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.348815381526947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3256009817123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1958024501800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.12003287672996521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135086714","display_name":"Journal of Information Technology","issn_l":"0268-3962","issn":["0268-3962","1466-4437"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aisel.aisnet.org:jit-1631","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://aisel.aisnet.org/jit/vol19/iss4/3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30879505","display_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","issn_l":"1536-9323","issn":["1536-9323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321080","host_organization_name":"Association for Information Systems","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321080"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Information Systems"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Technology","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47018920","https://openalex.org/W55754930","https://openalex.org/W113246097","https://openalex.org/W1517701247","https://openalex.org/W1973459906","https://openalex.org/W1979656001","https://openalex.org/W1982762936","https://openalex.org/W1986652101","https://openalex.org/W1989765500","https://openalex.org/W1998271713","https://openalex.org/W2005537099","https://openalex.org/W2007985211","https://openalex.org/W2030799799","https://openalex.org/W2037541972","https://openalex.org/W2042619154","https://openalex.org/W2045296996","https://openalex.org/W2049744823","https://openalex.org/W2053210346","https://openalex.org/W2066729912","https://openalex.org/W2068119329","https://openalex.org/W2074684234","https://openalex.org/W2095561982","https://openalex.org/W2104709829","https://openalex.org/W2119652992","https://openalex.org/W2123747546","https://openalex.org/W2124756263","https://openalex.org/W2127044323","https://openalex.org/W2132081716","https://openalex.org/W2145291481","https://openalex.org/W2148187747","https://openalex.org/W2152396512","https://openalex.org/W2165201397","https://openalex.org/W2179492332","https://openalex.org/W3121847244","https://openalex.org/W3122859634","https://openalex.org/W4231495351","https://openalex.org/W4232028368","https://openalex.org/W4240150052","https://openalex.org/W4246477977","https://openalex.org/W4250533111"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2052817658","https://openalex.org/W2129561254","https://openalex.org/W2146959957","https://openalex.org/W3208261218","https://openalex.org/W4283687250","https://openalex.org/W4281385181","https://openalex.org/W2694324100","https://openalex.org/W2352718919","https://openalex.org/W2326038255","https://openalex.org/W2350275275"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,57,122],"need":[1,35,137],"to":[2,36,99,148],"simultaneously":[3,112],"achieve":[4],"operational":[5],"efficiency,":[6],"while":[7,110],"accommodating":[8],"a":[9,18,68,141,175],"continuous":[10],"morphing":[11],"of":[12,55,79,85,133,158,177,186],"alliances":[13],"and":[14,25,29,40,61,92,124,151,162,171,179],"network":[15,160],"arrangements,":[16],"is":[17,65],"key":[19,156],"challenge":[20],"in":[21,101,144],"the":[22,34,77,102,131,146,155,184],"modern":[23],"enterprise":[24],"market.":[26],"Inter-firm":[27],"interdependence":[28],"unpredictable":[30],"market":[31],"shifts":[32],"heighten":[33],"establish":[37,174],"an":[38,97],"architecture":[39,123,161],"governance":[41,125,163],"arrangement":[42],"that":[43,129,165,182],"permits":[44],"rapid":[45],"adaptation.":[46],"Fully":[47],"integrated":[48],"firms":[49],"have":[50],"increasingly":[51],"morphed":[52],"into":[53],"networks":[54],"collaborators.":[56,187],"demand":[58,96],"for":[59,73],"efficient":[60],"effective":[62],"inter-firm":[63],"coordination":[64],"no":[66],"longer":[67],"desired":[69],"condition,":[70],"but":[71],"essential":[72],"competitive":[74],"position.":[75],"Historically,":[76],"cost":[78,143],"this":[80,115,119],"efficiency":[81,91],"has":[82],"been":[83],"loss":[84],"flexibility,":[86],"yet":[87],"volatile":[88],"markets":[89],"reward":[90],"flexibility.":[93],"Market":[94],"trends":[95],"ability":[98,147],"improvise":[100],"marketplace":[103],"-":[104,109],"converge":[105],"execution":[106],"with":[107],"planning":[108],"being":[111],"efficient.":[113],"In":[114],"paper,":[116],"we":[117],"explore":[118,154],"improvisation-efficiency":[120],"paradox.":[121],"issues":[126],"are":[127],"considered":[128],"seek":[130],"strengths":[132],"both":[134,159],"effects.":[135],"Efficiency":[136],"not":[138],"come":[139],"at":[140],"high":[142],"attaining":[145],"be":[149],"adaptive":[150],"spontaneous.":[152],"We":[153],"considerations":[157],"structures":[164],"characterize":[166],"improvisational":[167],"networks.":[168],"Trade":[169],"communities":[170],"trading":[172],"partners":[173],"discipline":[176],"processes":[178],"decision":[180],"rights":[181],"serve":[183],"community":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T06:06:40.768181","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
