{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964744646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ivs.9500069","title":"A Pivot-Based Routine for Improved Parent-Finding in Hybrid MDS","display_name":"A Pivot-Based Routine for Improved Parent-Finding in Hybrid MDS","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964744646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ivs.9500069","mag":"1964744646"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1057/palgrave.ivs.9500069","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ivs.9500069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55152591","display_name":"Information Visualization","issn_l":"1473-8716","issn":["1473-8716","1473-8724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Visualization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038561492","display_name":"Alistair Morrison","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7766-8373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alistair Morrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K","Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089129937","display_name":"Matthew Chalmers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9816-668X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Chalmers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038561492"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5807,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89519925,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"109","last_page":"122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8036303520202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.6082784533500671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5691680312156677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.510181188583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5094416737556458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.49941134452819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4288366734981537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.4148562550544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidimensional-scaling","display_name":"Multidimensional scaling","score":0.413875013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3875579237937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3537377119064331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1768890619277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14211371541023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.10762536525726318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08986806869506836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8036303520202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.6082784533500671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5691680312156677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.510181188583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5094416737556458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49941134452819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4288366734981537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.4148562550544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91682802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620538","display_name":"Multidimensional scaling","level":2,"score":0.413875013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3875579237937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3537377119064331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1768890619277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14211371541023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.10762536525726318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08986806869506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1057/palgrave.ivs.9500069","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ivs.9500069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55152591","display_name":"Information Visualization","issn_l":"1473-8716","issn":["1473-8716","1473-8724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Visualization","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.2.6732","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.2.6732","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~matthew/papers/pivotPaperJournal.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:13938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/13938/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323180","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30580807","https://openalex.org/W188370263","https://openalex.org/W1020953626","https://openalex.org/W1502916507","https://openalex.org/W1503013560","https://openalex.org/W1554174647","https://openalex.org/W1560013842","https://openalex.org/W1576922930","https://openalex.org/W1592473003","https://openalex.org/W1618986003","https://openalex.org/W1905136752","https://openalex.org/W1967005434","https://openalex.org/W1993436046","https://openalex.org/W1994529543","https://openalex.org/W1999235772","https://openalex.org/W2000215628","https://openalex.org/W2038044292","https://openalex.org/W2063491776","https://openalex.org/W2074011351","https://openalex.org/W2083479198","https://openalex.org/W2096635897","https://openalex.org/W2106841726","https://openalex.org/W2127218421","https://openalex.org/W2142244001","https://openalex.org/W2144769479","https://openalex.org/W2145519405","https://openalex.org/W2147717514","https://openalex.org/W2151933245","https://openalex.org/W2152825437","https://openalex.org/W2155351266","https://openalex.org/W2157092487","https://openalex.org/W2159293598","https://openalex.org/W2167482691","https://openalex.org/W2169371330","https://openalex.org/W2432567885","https://openalex.org/W3022981850","https://openalex.org/W3099839986","https://openalex.org/W3149684929","https://openalex.org/W4205380271","https://openalex.org/W4246354968"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296209631","https://openalex.org/W4200285273","https://openalex.org/W2374778813","https://openalex.org/W2561617217","https://openalex.org/W2012281976","https://openalex.org/W4245539973","https://openalex.org/W4294811468","https://openalex.org/W4238212629","https://openalex.org/W2003051771","https://openalex.org/W2355801475"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,86],"problem":[1],"of":[2,7,25,37,64,79,91,98,101,112,126,133,170,177,205],"exploring":[3],"or":[4],"visualising":[5],"data":[6,21,168],"high":[8],"dimensionality":[9],"is":[10,53,146,188,200],"central":[11],"to":[12,33,47,129,151],"many":[13],"tools":[14],"for":[15,56,61],"information":[16],"visualisation.":[17],"Through":[18],"representing":[19],"a":[20,35,44,57,69,99,124,130,167,175],"set":[22,125,169,176],"in":[23,39,42,72,186,190],"terms":[24],"inter-object":[26],"proximities,":[27],"multidimensional":[28],"scaling":[29],"may":[30],"be":[31],"employed":[32],"generate":[34],"configuration":[36],"objects":[38],"low-dimensional":[40],"space":[41],"such":[43,65],"way":[45],"as":[46,123,158],"preserve":[48],"high-dimensional":[49,121],"relationships.":[50],"An":[51],"algorithm":[52,75,94],"presented":[54],"here":[55],"heuristic":[58],"hybrid":[59],"model":[60,70,82],"the":[62,74,92,96,110,143,162,184,203],"generation":[63],"configurations.":[66],"Building":[67],"on":[68],"introduced":[71],"2002,":[73],"functions":[76],"by":[77,118],"means":[78],"sampling,":[80],"spring":[81],"and":[83,174,195],"interpolation":[84],"phases.":[85],"most":[87],"computationally":[88],"complex":[89],"stage":[90],"original":[93],"involved":[95],"execution":[97],"series":[100],"nearest-neighbour":[102],"searches.":[103],"In":[104,138],"this":[105,113,140,160],"paper,":[106],"we":[107],"describe":[108],"how":[109],"complexity":[111,145,187],"phase":[114],"has":[115],"been":[116],"reduced":[117,147],"treating":[119],"all":[120],"relationships":[122],"discretised":[127],"distances":[128],"constant":[131],"number":[132],"randomly":[134],"selected":[135],"items:":[136],"pivots.":[137],"improving":[139],"computational":[141],"bottle-neck,":[142],"algorithmic":[144],"from":[148],"O(":[149,152],"N\u221aN)":[150],"N":[153],"5/4":[154],").":[155],"As":[156],"well":[157],"documenting":[159],"improvement,":[161],"paper":[163],"describes":[164],"evaluation":[165],"with":[166],"108,000":[171],"13-dimensional":[172],"items":[173],"23,141":[178],"17-dimensional":[179],"items.":[180],"Results":[181],"illustrate":[182],"that":[183,196],"reduction":[185],"reflected":[189],"significantly":[191],"improved":[192],"run":[193],"times":[194],"no":[197],"negative":[198],"impact":[199],"made":[201],"upon":[202],"quality":[204],"layout":[206],"produced.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}