{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385647930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ro/2023118","title":"Malmquist index evaluation of countries: 2000\u20132019","display_name":"Malmquist index evaluation of countries: 2000\u20132019","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385647930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ro/2023118"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1051/ro/2023118","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2023118","pdf_url":"https://www.rairo-ro.org/articles/ro/pdf/2023/06/ro230195.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393919633","display_name":"RAIRO. Operations research","issn_l":"2804-7303","issn":["2804-7303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"RAIRO - Operations Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.rairo-ro.org/articles/ro/pdf/2023/06/ro230195.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068167388","display_name":"Hajar Farnoudk\u0131a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9201-663X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188740104","display_name":"Ba\u015fkent University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v9bqx10","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188740104"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hajar Farnoudkia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Administration, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9201-663X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Administration, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188740104"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068167388"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188740104"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.721,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73983625,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"6","first_page":"3061","last_page":"3071"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.9513999819755554,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.9513999819755554,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14143","display_name":"Economic and Technological Innovation","score":0.9157999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.9065999984741211,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"Productivity","score":0.778243899345398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-envelopment-analysis","display_name":"Data envelopment analysis","score":0.7517544031143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.6986722946166992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malmquist-index","display_name":"Malmquist index","score":0.6281931400299072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-factor-productivity","display_name":"Total factor productivity","score":0.6211531758308411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment","display_name":"Investment (military)","score":0.5331895351409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.5092753171920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.42559218406677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4239300489425659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.364443302154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3031061291694641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.28644129633903503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23641464114189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.23037314414978027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.16288354992866516}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.778243899345398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22088475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647974","display_name":"Data envelopment analysis","level":2,"score":0.7517544031143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.6986722946166992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777017832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6744383","display_name":"Malmquist index","level":4,"score":0.6281931400299072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120009192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1936153","display_name":"Total factor productivity","level":3,"score":0.6211531758308411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5331895351409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.5092753171920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.42559218406677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4239300489425659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.364443302154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3031061291694641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.28644129633903503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23641464114189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.23037314414978027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.16288354992866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1051/ro/2023118","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2023118","pdf_url":"https://www.rairo-ro.org/articles/ro/pdf/2023/06/ro230195.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393919633","display_name":"RAIRO. Operations research","issn_l":"2804-7303","issn":["2804-7303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"RAIRO - Operations Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1051/ro/2023118","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2023118","pdf_url":"https://www.rairo-ro.org/articles/ro/pdf/2023/06/ro230195.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393919633","display_name":"RAIRO. Operations research","issn_l":"2804-7303","issn":["2804-7303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"RAIRO - Operations Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385647930.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385647930.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991212659","https://openalex.org/W1999171615","https://openalex.org/W2032139192","https://openalex.org/W2038879196","https://openalex.org/W2076452041","https://openalex.org/W2129763896","https://openalex.org/W2145814913","https://openalex.org/W2554006426","https://openalex.org/W2626315435","https://openalex.org/W2900084105","https://openalex.org/W3027873753"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2792778269","https://openalex.org/W2954122132","https://openalex.org/W2378352691","https://openalex.org/W2089976793","https://openalex.org/W2359323154","https://openalex.org/W2353257990","https://openalex.org/W2383431048","https://openalex.org/W2361021672","https://openalex.org/W2362044171","https://openalex.org/W2383669194"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0,100],"of":[1,11,50,59,79,101,106,123,138,195,218],"the":[2,8,28,51,54,60,102,110,136,153,168,196,206,212],"sophisticated":[3],"mathematical":[4],"techniques":[5],"for":[6,56,119,215],"evaluating":[7],"relative":[9],"efficiency":[10],"decision-making":[12],"units":[13],"(DMUs)":[14],"in":[15,34,53,67,144,148,223],"a":[16,35,47,72,120,151,192],"multi-inputs-output":[17],"setting":[18],"is":[19,115,221],"data":[20,75],"envelopment":[21],"analysis.":[22],"A":[23],"non-parametric":[24],"productivity":[25,124,139,173],"index":[26,30],"called":[27],"Malmquist":[29],"(MI)":[31],"tracks":[32],"changes":[33,52,143],"DMU\u2019s":[36],"overall":[37],"factor":[38],"output":[39],"over":[40,63,97],"time.":[41],"This":[42,69],"study":[43,108],"seeks":[44],"to":[45,172,201,209],"present":[46],"broad":[48],"overview":[49],"MI":[55,114,197],"nearly":[57],"all":[58],"world\u2019s":[61],"nations":[62,180],"19":[64],"years":[65,207],"beginning":[66],"3061.":[68],"research":[70],"evaluates":[71],"time":[73,127],"series":[74],"set":[76],"made":[77],"up":[78],"16":[80],"economic":[81],"indexes.":[82],"Each":[83],"nation\u2019s":[84],"MI,":[85],"which":[86],"compares":[87],"2000":[88,208],"and":[89,129,160],"2019,":[90],"shows":[91],"how":[92],"each":[93,219],"nation":[94],"has":[95,198],"changed":[96],"that":[98,116,170],"period.":[99],"most":[103],"important":[104],"purposes":[105],"this":[107],"comparing":[109],"countries":[111,154,217],"by":[112,166],"their":[113,189],"it":[117],"allows":[118],"fair":[121],"comparison":[122],"across":[125],"different":[126],"periods":[128],"regions.":[130],"It":[131],"also":[132],"provides":[133],"insights":[134],"into":[135,184],"sources":[137],"growth,":[140],"such":[141],"as":[142],"technology":[145],"or":[146],"improvements":[147],"efficiency.":[149],"As":[150],"result,":[152],"can":[155],"allocate":[156],"resources":[157],"more":[158,162],"wisely":[159],"develop":[161],"effective":[163],"investment":[164],"plans":[165],"understanding":[167],"elements":[169],"lead":[171],"increase.":[174],"By":[175],"implementing":[176],"some":[177,216],"statistical":[178],"techniques,":[179],"are":[181],"further":[182],"divided":[183],"four":[185],"categories":[186],"based":[187],"on":[188],"MI.":[190],"Furthermore,":[191],"yearly":[193],"distribution":[194],"been":[199],"included":[200],"illustrate":[202],"its":[203],"trends":[204],"between":[205],"2019.":[210],"Finally,":[211],"changing":[213],"flow":[214],"category":[220],"shown":[222],"three-year":[224],"tracks.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
