{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2751455986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ro/2017061","title":"Optimal product quality and pricing strategy for a two-period closed-loop supply chain with retailer variable markup","display_name":"Optimal product quality and pricing strategy for a two-period closed-loop supply chain with retailer variable markup","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2751455986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ro/2017061","mag":"2751455986"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1051/ro/2017061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ro/2017061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20631277","display_name":"RAIRO - Operations Research","issn_l":"0399-0559","issn":["0399-0559","1290-3868","2804-7303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319748","host_organization_name":"EDP Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319748"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EDP Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"RAIRO - Operations Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013306147","display_name":"Bibhas C. Giri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7409-4896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.C. Giri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076113295","display_name":"Chirantan Mondal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3528-6411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Mondal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024756833","display_name":"T. Maiti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7229-4672"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Maiti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Gurudas College, Kolkata 700 054, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Gurudas College, Kolkata 700 054, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6549,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91946137,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"2","first_page":"609","last_page":"626"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11864","display_name":"Supply Chain Resilience and Risk Management","score":0.9652000069618225,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.7323499917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain","display_name":"Supply chain","score":0.6713407039642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit","display_name":"Profit (economics)","score":0.5778748393058777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.5136541724205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5067382454872131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.49484390020370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.4920201003551483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remanufacturing","display_name":"Remanufacturing","score":0.4430708885192871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.40559083223342896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.24949634075164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10105928778648376}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.7323499917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.6713407039642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5778748393058777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5136541724205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5067382454872131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.49484390020370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4920201003551483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778738845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1521829","display_name":"Remanufacturing","level":2,"score":0.4430708885192871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.40559083223342896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.24949634075164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10105928778648376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1051/ro/2017061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ro/2017061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20631277","display_name":"RAIRO - Operations Research","issn_l":"0399-0559","issn":["0399-0559","1290-3868","2804-7303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319748","host_organization_name":"EDP Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319748"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EDP Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"RAIRO - Operations Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:numdam.org:RO_2019__53_2_609_0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.numdam.org/articles/10.1051/ro/2017061/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402264","display_name":"French digital mathematics library (Numdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I70900168","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70900168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505428267","https://openalex.org/W1964849330","https://openalex.org/W1969328388","https://openalex.org/W1970000790","https://openalex.org/W1970573054","https://openalex.org/W1978826353","https://openalex.org/W1983440778","https://openalex.org/W1992996458","https://openalex.org/W2000911143","https://openalex.org/W2025617529","https://openalex.org/W2027569164","https://openalex.org/W2046830857","https://openalex.org/W2051501979","https://openalex.org/W2064512066","https://openalex.org/W2066432138","https://openalex.org/W2069819232","https://openalex.org/W2069940389","https://openalex.org/W2083237623","https://openalex.org/W2088403951","https://openalex.org/W2089609741","https://openalex.org/W2095229032","https://openalex.org/W2104224615","https://openalex.org/W2111107475","https://openalex.org/W2118885592","https://openalex.org/W2136927837","https://openalex.org/W2138839439","https://openalex.org/W2156590737","https://openalex.org/W2161229252","https://openalex.org/W2179200719","https://openalex.org/W2298443588","https://openalex.org/W2368609527","https://openalex.org/W2535043925","https://openalex.org/W4238133317","https://openalex.org/W4250075806"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976586865","https://openalex.org/W2055271179","https://openalex.org/W1987562536","https://openalex.org/W2362980524","https://openalex.org/W2034885317","https://openalex.org/W2313653102","https://openalex.org/W4317629409","https://openalex.org/W2381892188","https://openalex.org/W1521877451","https://openalex.org/W2781140559"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,179],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,215],"consider":[4],"a":[5,14,18,23,78,114,212],"two-period":[6],"closed-loop":[7],"supply":[8],"chain":[9],"which":[10],"is":[11,96,113],"comprised":[12],"of":[13,73,109,116,160,211,232,245],"single":[15,19,24],"manufacturer":[16,75,129,144],"and":[17,42,56,76,83,102,106,134,150,165,177],"retailer":[20,61,122,152],"for":[21],"trading":[22],"product.":[25],"At":[26],"the":[27,29,32,37,47,53,57,63,70,74,89,99,103,107,117,124,128,137,143,147,151,154,158,169,180,185,192,198,209,218,226,237,243,249],"retailer,":[28],"demand":[30],"in":[31,46,136,197,230],"first":[33,90,118],"period":[34,91],"depends":[35,51],"on":[36,52,69,98,168,248],"selling":[38,54,64,194],"price,":[39,44],"product":[40,58,85,104,163,238],"quality":[41,164],"refund":[43,100],"whereas":[45,196],"second":[48,138],"period,":[49],"it":[50],"price":[55,101],"quality.":[59,239],"The":[60,93,121],"sets":[62],"prices":[65,72],"with":[66],"variable":[67],"markups":[68],"wholesale":[71],"offers":[77],"return":[79,82,95,161],"policy":[80],"(immediate":[81],"used":[84,111],"return)":[86],"limited":[87],"to":[88,127],"only.":[92],"immediate":[94],"dependent":[97],"quality,":[105],"amount":[108],"returned":[110,125],"items":[112,126,133],"fraction":[115],"period\u2019s":[119,205],"demand.":[120],"sends":[123],"who":[130],"reproduces/repairs":[131],"those":[132],"sells":[135],"period.":[139],"We":[140,156,240],"assume":[141],"that":[142,217],"acts":[145],"as":[146,153],"Stackelberg":[148],"leader":[149],"follower.":[155],"study":[157],"impacts":[159],"policy,":[162],"pricing":[166],"strategy":[167,182,200,220,228],"optimal":[170,250],"decisions":[171],"under":[172],"two":[173],"decision":[174,181,199,219,227,234],"strategies":[175],"(I":[176],"II).":[178],"I,":[183],"both":[184],"players":[186],"optimize":[187,203],"their":[188],"total":[189],"profits":[190],"over":[191],"entire":[193],"season,":[195],"II,":[201],"they":[202],"each":[204],"profit":[206],"sequentially.":[207],"With":[208],"help":[210],"numerical":[213],"example":[214],"explore":[216],"I":[221],"gives":[222],"better":[223],"result":[224],"than":[225],"II":[229],"terms":[231],"all":[233],"variables":[235],"except":[236],"also":[241],"investigate":[242],"effects":[244],"key":[246],"model-parameters":[247],"decisions.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-07T06:14:10.401900","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
