{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416632814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sfw2/6670439","title":"Blockchain\u2010Audited Federated Learning: Securing Data and Model Updates With On\u2010Chain Provenance","display_name":"Blockchain\u2010Audited Federated Learning: Securing Data and Model Updates With On\u2010Chain Provenance","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416632814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sfw2/6670439"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/sfw2/6670439","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sfw2/6670439","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/sfw2/6670439","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164201770","display_name":"IET Software","issn_l":"1751-8806","issn":["1751-8806","1751-8814"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Software","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/sfw2/6670439","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093870139","display_name":"Seid Abdu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5850-5947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159645","display_name":"Woldia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7f9k79","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159645"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seid Mehammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science ,  School of Computing ,  Institute of Technology ,  Woldia University ,  Weldiya ,  Ethiopia , wldu.edu.et"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5850-5947","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science ,  School of Computing ,  Institute of Technology ,  Woldia University ,  Weldiya ,  Ethiopia , wldu.edu.et","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120517521","display_name":"Girma Bewuketu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159645","display_name":"Woldia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7f9k79","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159645"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Girma Bewuketu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science ,  School of Computing ,  Institute of Technology ,  Woldia University ,  Weldiya ,  Ethiopia , wldu.edu.et"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science ,  School of Computing ,  Institute of Technology ,  Woldia University ,  Weldiya ,  Ethiopia , wldu.edu.et","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120613118","display_name":"Demeke Getaneh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159645","display_name":"Woldia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7f9k79","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159645"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Demeke Getaneh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering ,  School of Computing ,  Institute of Technology ,  Woldia University ,  Weldiya ,  Ethiopia , wldu.edu.et"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering ,  School of Computing ,  Institute of Technology ,  Woldia University ,  Weldiya ,  Ethiopia , wldu.edu.et","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049765919","display_name":"Md Nasre Alam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159645","display_name":"Woldia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7f9k79","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159645"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Nasre Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science ,  School of Computing ,  Institute of Technology ,  Woldia University ,  Weldiya ,  Ethiopia , wldu.edu.et"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science ,  School of Computing ,  Institute of Technology ,  Woldia University ,  Weldiya ,  Ethiopia , wldu.edu.et","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037044938","display_name":"Shakir Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-9191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240666556","display_name":"Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxjyb39","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shakir Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information Sciences ,  Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) ,  Riyadh ,  Saudi Arabia , imamu.edu.sa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-9191","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Sciences ,  Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) ,  Riyadh ,  Saudi Arabia , imamu.edu.sa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084530422","display_name":"Fatimah Alhayan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1982-4117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatimah Alhayan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems ,  College of Computer and Information Sciences ,  Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , P.O. Box 84428,  Riyadh ,  11671 ,  Saudi Arabia , pnu.edu.sa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems ,  College of Computer and Information Sciences ,  Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , P.O. Box 84428,  Riyadh ,  11671 ,  Saudi Arabia , pnu.edu.sa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5093870139"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159645"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2200},"fwci":12.9025,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98345495,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2025","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.4941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.4941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.19130000472068787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.10899999737739563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.6844000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/argument","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","score":0.5126000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.48410001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.4205000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.3700000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7915999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.6844000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5126000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.48410001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.4205000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.40540000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140547941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7797194","display_name":"Threat model","level":2,"score":0.36800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780049196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23582628","display_name":"Provenance","level":2,"score":0.3278000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C489000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747385","display_name":"Data flow diagram","level":2,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.3107999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779478453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889748","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100463513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227322","display_name":"Data model (GIS)","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/sfw2/6670439","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sfw2/6670439","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/sfw2/6670439","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164201770","display_name":"IET Software","issn_l":"1751-8806","issn":["1751-8806","1751-8814"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Software","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4a74d03cc9a6490788f168fa016aaf74","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4a74d03cc9a6490788f168fa016aaf74","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IET Software, Vol 2025 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/sfw2/6670439","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sfw2/6670439","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/sfw2/6670439","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164201770","display_name":"IET Software","issn_l":"1751-8806","issn":["1751-8806","1751-8814"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Software","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416632814.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416632814.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3167626677","https://openalex.org/W3208401007","https://openalex.org/W4205782309","https://openalex.org/W4321500404","https://openalex.org/W4392560945","https://openalex.org/W4396710222","https://openalex.org/W4403491331","https://openalex.org/W4403909613","https://openalex.org/W4408980276","https://openalex.org/W4409698945","https://openalex.org/W4411026510","https://openalex.org/W4414717138"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,85],"present":[1],"a":[2,23,37,48,67,74,88],"permissioned":[3],"blockchain\u2013audited":[4],"federated":[5],"learning":[6],"(FL)":[7],"framework":[8],"that":[9],"strengthens":[10],"data":[11],"provenance":[12],"and":[13,21,36,66,81],"model\u2010update":[14],"integrity.":[15],"Our":[16],"contribution":[17],"is":[18],"primarily":[19],"engineering":[20],"architectural:":[22],"modular":[24],"two\u2010channel":[25],"design":[26],"(provenance":[27],"vs.":[28],"update\u2010audit),":[29],"lightweight":[30],"on\u2010chain":[31],"validation":[32],"with":[33,55,78],"off\u2010chain":[34,103],"analytics,":[35],"practical":[38,113],"mapping":[39],"to":[40,98],"the":[41,112],"1":[42],"+":[43,51,68],"5":[44],"architectural":[45],"views.":[46],"In":[47],"TensorFlow":[49],"Federated":[50],"Hyperledger":[52],"Fabric":[53],"prototype":[54],"10":[56],"clients,":[57],"we":[58],"observe":[59],"\u224818%":[60],"faster":[61],"anomaly":[62],"detection":[63],"under":[64],"attack":[65],"0.4":[69],"pp":[70],"accuracy":[71],"delta":[72],"versus":[73],"baseline":[75],"FL":[76,118],"setup,":[77],"~6%":[79],"communication":[80],"~8%":[82],"energy":[83],"overhead.":[84],"also":[86],"provide":[87],"proof\u2010of\u2010concept":[89],"zero\u2010knowledge":[90],"succinct":[91],"noninteractive":[92],"argument":[93],"of":[94,115],"knowledge":[95],"(zk\u2010SNARK)":[96],"flow":[97],"validate":[99],"per\u2010client":[100],"summary":[101],"properties":[102],"while":[104],"anchoring":[105],"results":[106],"on\u2010chain.":[107],"These":[108],"contributions":[109],"collectively":[110],"advance":[111],"deployment":[114],"secure,":[116],"auditable":[117],"systems.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}