{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414103019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ipr2.70193","title":"SF\u2010Net: Video Frame Interpolation With a 3D Square Funnel Network","display_name":"SF\u2010Net: Video Frame Interpolation With a 3D Square Funnel Network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414103019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ipr2.70193"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/ipr2.70193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ipr2.70193","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/ipr2.70193","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83215360","display_name":"IET Image Processing","issn_l":"1751-9659","issn":["1751-9659","1751-9667"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/ipr2.70193","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075096619","display_name":"Hamid Azadegan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3481-9391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67009956","display_name":"Iran University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01jw2p796","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Azadegan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)  Tehran Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3481-9391","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)  Tehran Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051160023","display_name":"Ali Asghar Beheshti Shirazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9603-5117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67009956","display_name":"Iran University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01jw2p796","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali\u2010Asghar Beheshti Shirazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)  Tehran Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)  Tehran Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051160023"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2200},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20441579,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.7807000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/funnel","display_name":"Funnel","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.6905999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.652899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/square","display_name":"Square (algebra)","score":0.48669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4163999855518341}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.7807000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17435862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29957","display_name":"Funnel","level":2,"score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.6905999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.652899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5692999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5311999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135692309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111124","display_name":"Square (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.48669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4691999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4081000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.39739999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3635999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171836373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2266329","display_name":"Linear interpolation","level":3,"score":0.3310999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72560505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204510","display_name":"Motion interpolation","level":5,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988922011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449244","display_name":"Filtering theory","level":2,"score":0.2667999863624573}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/ipr2.70193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ipr2.70193","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/ipr2.70193","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83215360","display_name":"IET Image Processing","issn_l":"1751-9659","issn":["1751-9659","1751-9667"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/ipr2.70193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ipr2.70193","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/ipr2.70193","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83215360","display_name":"IET Image Processing","issn_l":"1751-9659","issn":["1751-9659","1751-9667"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414103019.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414103019.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1951289974","https://openalex.org/W2000053753","https://openalex.org/W2000230400","https://openalex.org/W2036343080","https://openalex.org/W2103336008","https://openalex.org/W2147253850","https://openalex.org/W2315469123","https://openalex.org/W2548527721","https://openalex.org/W2586480386","https://openalex.org/W2769654144","https://openalex.org/W2797683898","https://openalex.org/W2884436604","https://openalex.org/W2890546957","https://openalex.org/W2943573129","https://openalex.org/W2946348769","https://openalex.org/W2949258649","https://openalex.org/W2949903291","https://openalex.org/W2963189365","https://openalex.org/W2964251418","https://openalex.org/W2973673960","https://openalex.org/W2997150500","https://openalex.org/W2998645105","https://openalex.org/W2999765114","https://openalex.org/W3015734078","https://openalex.org/W3034921716","https://openalex.org/W3035239272","https://openalex.org/W3102015846","https://openalex.org/W3118401715","https://openalex.org/W3119408778","https://openalex.org/W3134680050","https://openalex.org/W3166014221","https://openalex.org/W3168286621","https://openalex.org/W3169596802","https://openalex.org/W3184828860","https://openalex.org/W3203041407","https://openalex.org/W3203902094","https://openalex.org/W4224881193","https://openalex.org/W4224931716","https://openalex.org/W4282913899","https://openalex.org/W4285591283","https://openalex.org/W4292793915","https://openalex.org/W4310298833","https://openalex.org/W4312324876","https://openalex.org/W4312409473","https://openalex.org/W4313306253","https://openalex.org/W4319300634","https://openalex.org/W4319300944","https://openalex.org/W4319301042","https://openalex.org/W4382203235","https://openalex.org/W4385756417","https://openalex.org/W4385756679","https://openalex.org/W4386071659","https://openalex.org/W4386071802","https://openalex.org/W4386076420","https://openalex.org/W4386133865","https://openalex.org/W4386703492","https://openalex.org/W4396523326","https://openalex.org/W4400643659","https://openalex.org/W4402753376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2073875810","https://openalex.org/W2356551568","https://openalex.org/W2081113335","https://openalex.org/W2358635018","https://openalex.org/W4242602405","https://openalex.org/W2364686644","https://openalex.org/W2889922688","https://openalex.org/W2368101485","https://openalex.org/W3201452447","https://openalex.org/W173332354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Video":[1],"frame":[2],"interpolation":[3],"(VFI)":[4],"is":[5,160],"a":[6,56,72,97,109,154],"problem":[7],"of":[8,24,28,44,47,80,88,92,108,111,117,157,165],"designing":[9],"in\u2010between":[10],"frames":[11,19,83],"from":[12,35],"both":[13,132],"the":[14,17,22,51,77,81,90,122,163],"previous":[15],"and":[16,39,100,134,142],"subsequent":[18],"for":[20,121,148],"enhancing":[21],"quality":[23,141],"video.":[25],"The":[26,151],"majority":[27],"traditional":[29],"methods,":[30],"particularly":[31],"U\u2010Net\u2010based":[32],"approaches,":[33],"suffer":[34],"high":[36,45],"computational":[37],"complexity":[38],"memory":[40],"usage":[41],"in":[42,67,84,96,114],"terms":[43],"numbers":[46],"parameters.":[48],"We":[49],"propose":[50],"square":[52],"funnel":[53],"network":[54,58],"(SF\u2010Net),":[55],"novel":[57],"structure":[59],"with":[60],"significantly":[61],"fewer":[62],"parameters":[63,166],"but":[64],"comparable":[65],"performance,":[66],"this":[68],"paper.":[69],"SF\u2010Net":[70,137],"follows":[71],"unique":[73],"configuration":[74],"that":[75],"increases":[76],"third":[78],"dimension":[79],"input":[82],"deeper":[85],"layers":[86],"instead":[87],"increasing":[89],"number":[91,164],"filters,":[93],"which":[94,126,144,159],"results":[95],"more":[98,101],"efficient":[99],"compact":[102],"model.":[103],"Our":[104],"model":[105],"makes":[106,145],"use":[107],"maximum":[110],"64":[112],"filters":[113,129],"nearly":[115],"all":[116],"its":[118],"layers,":[119,125],"except":[120],"last":[123],"two":[124],"employ":[127],"128":[128],"each.":[130],"With":[131],"objective":[133],"subjective":[135],"evaluation,":[136],"has":[138],"outstanding":[139],"visual":[140],"efficiency,":[143],"it":[146],"suitable":[147],"low\u2010computational\u2010resource":[149],"applications.":[150],"paper":[152],"depicts":[153],"good":[155],"direction":[156],"VFI,":[158],"to":[161],"decrease":[162],"without":[167],"sacrificing":[168],"performance.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}