{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2111191676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-com:20060173","title":"Modified sum-product algorithms for decoding low-density parity-check codes","display_name":"Modified sum-product algorithms for decoding low-density parity-check codes","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2111191676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-com:20060173","mag":"2111191676"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/iet-com:20060173","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-com:20060173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85427048","display_name":"IET Communications","issn_l":"1751-8628","issn":["1751-8628","1751-8636"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034273833","display_name":"Stylianos Papaharalabos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118731","display_name":"National Observatory of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03dtebk39","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118731"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Papaharalabos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Space Applications and Remote Sensing (ISARS), National Observatory of Athens, Metaxa and Vas., Pavlou Street, Palaia Penteli, Athens GR-15236, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Space Applications and Remote Sensing (ISARS), National Observatory of Athens, Metaxa and Vas., Pavlou Street, Palaia Penteli, Athens GR-15236, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118731"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048028400","display_name":"P. Sweeney","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Sweeney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Centre for Communications Systems Research (CCSR), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Centre for Communications Systems Research (CCSR), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017242814","display_name":"B.G. Evans","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5440-5116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.G. Evans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Centre for Communications Systems Research (CCSR), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Centre for Communications Systems Research (CCSR), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034411238","display_name":"P. Takis Mathiopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3332-4699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.T. Mathiopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Centre for Communications Systems Research (CCSR), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Centre for Communications Systems Research (CCSR), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022130649","display_name":"G. Albertazzi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Albertazzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Computer Science and Systems (DEIS), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, Bologna, 40136, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Computer Science and Systems (DEIS), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, Bologna, 40136, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003927271","display_name":"Alessandro Vanelli\u2010Coralli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-5718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Vanelli-Coralli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Computer Science and Systems (DEIS), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, Bologna, 40136, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Computer Science and Systems (DEIS), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, Bologna, 40136, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078672899","display_name":"Giovanni Emanuele Corazza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6898-4515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.E. Corazza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Computer Science and Systems (DEIS), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, Bologna, 40136, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Computer Science and Systems (DEIS), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, Bologna, 40136, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0317,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91923017,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"3","first_page":"294","last_page":"300"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6533139944076538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.6275837421417236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5890123844146729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5562813878059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parity","display_name":"Parity (physics)","score":0.4532445967197418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/berlekamp\u2013welch-algorithm","display_name":"Berlekamp\u2013Welch algorithm","score":0.4120638370513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-floor","display_name":"Error floor","score":0.21076807379722595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06591862440109253}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6533139944076538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.6275837421417236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5890123844146729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5562813878059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777151079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141160","display_name":"Parity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4532445967197418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132727834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4892328","display_name":"Berlekamp\u2013Welch algorithm","level":5,"score":0.4120638370513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46462455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5395712","display_name":"Error floor","level":4,"score":0.21076807379722595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06591862440109253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/iet-com:20060173","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-com:20060173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85427048","display_name":"IET Communications","issn_l":"1751-8628","issn":["1751-8628","1751-8636"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/51254","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11585/51254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W651860528","https://openalex.org/W1593308028","https://openalex.org/W2057169613","https://openalex.org/W2117728416","https://openalex.org/W2123530431","https://openalex.org/W2126259959","https://openalex.org/W2127370988","https://openalex.org/W2133068391","https://openalex.org/W2135764410","https://openalex.org/W2137699000","https://openalex.org/W2141619954","https://openalex.org/W2142511915","https://openalex.org/W2169732368","https://openalex.org/W2341277784","https://openalex.org/W2438992207"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2385322349","https://openalex.org/W2129423808","https://openalex.org/W2370284973","https://openalex.org/W2369600518","https://openalex.org/W1995527419","https://openalex.org/W2357077655","https://openalex.org/W2351361564","https://openalex.org/W2392775688","https://openalex.org/W2353539898","https://openalex.org/W2118148379"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"authors":[1],"deal":[2],"with":[3,73,107],"the":[4,10,27,32,39,44,52,82,93,97,110,119,137,141,162,168,176,189,196],"sum\u2013product":[5],"algorithm":[6],"(SPA)":[7],"based":[8,147],"on":[9,148],"hyperbolic":[11],"tangent":[12],"(tanh)":[13],"rule":[14],"when":[15],"it":[16],"is":[17,90,122,159,184,199],"applied":[18],"for":[19],"decoding":[20,197],"low-density":[21],"parity-check":[22],"(LDPC)":[23],"codes.":[24],"Motivated":[25],"by":[26,38],"finding":[28],"that,":[29],"because":[30],"of":[31,35,51,62,140],"large":[33],"number":[34],"multiplications":[36],"required":[37],"algorithm,":[40],"an":[41],"overflow":[42],"in":[43,175,188],"decoder":[45],"may":[46],"occur,":[47],"two":[48,130],"novel":[49,131],"modifications":[50,95],"tanh":[53,142],"function":[54,143,153],"(and":[55,144],"its":[56,145],"inverse)":[57],"are":[58,67,133],"proposed.":[59],"By":[60],"means":[61],"computer":[63],"simulations,":[64],"both":[65,193],"methods":[66],"evaluated":[68],"using":[69],"random-based":[70],"LDPC":[71],"codes":[72],"binary":[74],"phase":[75],"shift":[76],"keying":[77],"(BPSK)":[78],"signals":[79],"transmitted":[80],"over":[81],"additive":[83],"white":[84],"Gaussian":[85],"noise":[86],"(AWGN)":[87],"channel.":[88],"It":[89,158],"shown":[91,117,160],"that":[92,118,161],"proposed":[94,163],"improve":[96,167],"bit":[98],"error":[99,120],"rate":[100],"(BER)":[101],"performance":[102,170,182],"up":[103],"to":[104,109,135,172],"1":[105],"dB":[106],"respect":[108],"conventional":[111],"SPA.":[112],"These":[113],"results":[114],"have":[115],"also":[116],"floor":[121],"removed":[123],"at":[124],"BER":[125,169,181],"lower":[126],"than":[127],"10\u22126.":[128],"Furthermore,":[129],"approximations":[132,164],"presented":[134],"reduce":[136],"computational":[138],"complexity":[139,198],"inverse),":[146],"either":[149],"a":[150,155],"piecewise":[151],"linear":[152],"or":[154],"quantisation":[156],"table.":[157],"can":[165],"slightly":[166],"(up":[171],"0.13":[173],"dB)":[174,187],"former":[177],"case,":[178],"whereas":[179],"small":[180],"degradation":[183],"observed":[185],"(&lt;0.25":[186],"latter":[190],"case.":[191],"In":[192],"cases,":[194],"however,":[195],"reduced":[200],"significantly.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
