{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2062447805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-cds.2009.0263","title":"Linear amplification by time-multiplexed spectrum","display_name":"Linear amplification by time-multiplexed spectrum","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2062447805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-cds.2009.0263","mag":"2062447805"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/iet-cds.2009.0263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-cds.2009.0263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208150","display_name":"IET Circuits Devices & Systems","issn_l":"1751-858X","issn":["1751-858X","1751-8598"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Circuits, Devices & Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089856465","display_name":"Gregory J. Mazzaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5814-7425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.J. Mazzaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7914, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7914, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009757022","display_name":"Kevin G. Gard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.G. Gard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7914, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7914, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044356067","display_name":"M.B. Steer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0786-033X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.B. Steer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7914, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7914, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17580702,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"5","first_page":"392","last_page":"402"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12371","display_name":"Electrical Contact Performance and Analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12371","display_name":"Electrical Contact Performance and Analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11444","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intermodulation","display_name":"Intermodulation","score":0.7370110750198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.7330209016799927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5663745999336243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5385220646858215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.47671645879745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.4762268662452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.46213120222091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcarrier-multiplexing","display_name":"Subcarrier multiplexing","score":0.45404329895973206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.449521005153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-distortion","display_name":"Nonlinear distortion","score":0.4457401633262634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.4282693564891815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.38753414154052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3825966417789459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23786678910255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.2368880808353424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.19863677024841309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16312271356582642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcarrier","display_name":"Subcarrier","score":0.13667815923690796}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11773624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142232","display_name":"Intermodulation","level":4,"score":0.7370110750198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.7330209016799927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5663745999336243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5385220646858215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.47671645879745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.4762268662452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.46213120222091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779103187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7630912","display_name":"Subcarrier multiplexing","level":5,"score":0.45404329895973206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.449521005153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173413354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049470","display_name":"Nonlinear distortion","level":4,"score":0.4457401633262634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.4282693564891815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.38753414154052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3825966417789459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23786678910255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2368880808353424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.19863677024841309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16312271356582642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198329298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586358","display_name":"Subcarrier","level":4,"score":0.13667815923690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/iet-cds.2009.0263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-cds.2009.0263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208150","display_name":"IET Circuits Devices & Systems","issn_l":"1751-858X","issn":["1751-858X","1751-8598"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Circuits, Devices & Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967527225","https://openalex.org/W1998436865","https://openalex.org/W2101055757","https://openalex.org/W2116956277","https://openalex.org/W2117951757","https://openalex.org/W2140370954","https://openalex.org/W2151071937","https://openalex.org/W2169848517","https://openalex.org/W2172093570","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152013656","https://openalex.org/W3012492312","https://openalex.org/W3118686854","https://openalex.org/W2007917446","https://openalex.org/W2903169795","https://openalex.org/W2015704357","https://openalex.org/W2085611637","https://openalex.org/W2765243463","https://openalex.org/W2077377524","https://openalex.org/W2168663091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1],"waveform":[2],"processing":[3],"technique":[4,18,153,169],"for":[5,115,139,148],"reducing":[6],"intermodulation":[7],"distortion":[8,74,116],"(IMD)":[9],"generated":[10],"by":[11,22,157],"an":[12],"amplitude-modulated":[13],"signal":[14,27,34,79,89,95,105],"is":[15,35,51,80,96,123,133,146],"presented.":[16],"The":[17,32,43,152,167],"eliminates":[19],"amplifier-generated":[20],"IMD":[21,156],"time-multiplexing":[23],"portions":[24],"of":[25,40,46,55,66,75,85,163,174],"the":[26,47,67,71,76,83,88,93,104,129,171],"spectrum":[28],"prior":[29],"to":[30],"amplification.":[31],"input":[33,50],"described":[36],"as":[37],"a":[38,99],"sum":[39],"sinusoidal":[41],"signals.":[42],"peak-to-average":[44],"ratio":[45],"time-multiplexed":[48],"amplifier":[49],"lower":[52],"than":[53],"that":[54],"its":[56,110],"non-multiplexed":[57],"counterpart,":[58],"but":[59],"it":[60],"contains":[61],"spectral":[62],"aliases":[63],"at":[64,82,136],"multiples":[65],"switching":[68],"frequency.":[69],"Thus,":[70],"reduction":[72,117,132],"in":[73,106,160],"desired":[77,94],"amplified":[78],"achieved":[81],"expense":[84],"momentarily":[86],"widening":[87],"bandwidth.":[90,111],"Following":[91],"amplification,":[92],"recovered":[97],"using":[98],"bandpass":[100],"filter":[101],"which":[102],"spreads":[103],"time":[107],"and":[108,143],"narrows":[109],"An":[112],"analytical":[113],"expression":[114],"when":[118],"amplifying":[119],"two":[120],"multiplexed":[121,141,150],"carriers":[122],"developed":[124],"along":[125],"with":[126],"measurements":[127,162],"verifying":[128],"theory.":[130],"Distortion":[131],"demonstrated":[134,147],"experimentally":[135],"3.6":[137],"GHz":[138],"2\u201320":[140],"carriers,":[142],"linear":[144],"recovery":[145],"four":[149],"carriers.":[151],"reduces":[154],"third-order":[155],"8\u201322":[158],"dB":[159],"experimental":[161],"three":[164],"different":[165],"amplifiers.":[166],"presented":[168],"has":[170],"unique":[172],"property":[173],"improving":[175],"linearity":[176],"without":[177],"requiring":[178],"feedback,":[179],"feedforward":[180],"cancellation":[181],"or":[182],"calibration.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}