{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140325619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cit2.70069","title":"Bio\u2010Inspired Optimisation Methods Applied to Low Carbon Power and Energy Problems: A Survey","display_name":"Bio\u2010Inspired Optimisation Methods Applied to Low Carbon Power and Energy Problems: A Survey","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140325619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cit2.70069"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/cit2.70069","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cit2.70069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898415742","display_name":"CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology","issn_l":"2468-2322","issn":["2468-2322","2468-6557"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cit2.70069","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130581697","display_name":"Tianyu Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering The University of Manchester  Manchester UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering The University of Manchester  Manchester UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130549026","display_name":"Shihao Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shihao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds  Leeds UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds  Leeds UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124629423","display_name":"Yuanjun Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanjun Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology  Shenzhen Guangdong China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology  Shenzhen Guangdong China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124667509","display_name":"Linxin Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["CN","MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linxin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology  Shenzhen Guangdong China","Faculty of Data Science City University of Macau  Taipa China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology  Shenzhen Guangdong China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Data Science City University of Macau  Taipa China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130614831","display_name":"Zhile Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130751423","display_name":"Shaoguan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0286g6711","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130751423"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhile Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology  Shenzhen Guangdong China","Guangdong Institute of Carbon Neutrality (Shaoguan)  Shaoguan Guangdong China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-534X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology  Shenzhen Guangdong China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Institute of Carbon Neutrality (Shaoguan)  Shaoguan Guangdong China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130751423"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130614831"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130751423","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2600},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2600},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28569354,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"297","last_page":"315"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.6431000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.6431000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.0957999974489212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.08100000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6233000159263611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.6226999759674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5333999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4666000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-generation","display_name":"Electricity generation","score":0.45840001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4392000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.3937000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-system-simulation","display_name":"Power system simulation","score":0.39250001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.38440001010894775}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6233000159263611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6226999759674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5333999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.512499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4666000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.45840001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4392000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.3937000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116219307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7236625","display_name":"Power system simulation","level":4,"score":0.39250001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.36149999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107706546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189124","display_name":"Heat exchanger","level":2,"score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982926626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1962383","display_name":"Sustainable energy","level":3,"score":0.3513000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776756539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221620","display_name":"Cogeneration","level":4,"score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187633118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1317949","display_name":"Economic dispatch","level":4,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.2953000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.287200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115527620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769909","display_name":"Nonlinear programming","level":3,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987658370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180253","display_name":"Fuel cells","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780936489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310667","display_name":"Carbon footprint","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776190866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341477","display_name":"Energy supply","level":3,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/cit2.70069","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cit2.70069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898415742","display_name":"CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology","issn_l":"2468-2322","issn":["2468-2322","2468-6557"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:713cc999f2e04c56bc949b1be6f983a1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/713cc999f2e04c56bc949b1be6f983a1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology, Vol 11, Iss 2, Pp 297-315 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/cit2.70069","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cit2.70069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898415742","display_name":"CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology","issn_l":"2468-2322","issn":["2468-2322","2468-6557"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":92,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1146785428","https://openalex.org/W1541288193","https://openalex.org/W1675841081","https://openalex.org/W1698059316","https://openalex.org/W1852166568","https://openalex.org/W1964953024","https://openalex.org/W1970832389","https://openalex.org/W1976115074","https://openalex.org/W1976744965","https://openalex.org/W1980380058","https://openalex.org/W1983833629","https://openalex.org/W1985033398","https://openalex.org/W1986282491","https://openalex.org/W1996620874","https://openalex.org/W1997163621","https://openalex.org/W1998391576","https://openalex.org/W1999284878","https://openalex.org/W1999343629","https://openalex.org/W2006734147","https://openalex.org/W2013911091","https://openalex.org/W2019051442","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2036354737","https://openalex.org/W2059584624","https://openalex.org/W2060834770","https://openalex.org/W2066387975","https://openalex.org/W2069103536","https://openalex.org/W2072963474","https://openalex.org/W2075779476","https://openalex.org/W2095797814","https://openalex.org/W2097599209","https://openalex.org/W2103601587","https://openalex.org/W2110196981","https://openalex.org/W2111414899","https://openalex.org/W2116661285","https://openalex.org/W2120927062","https://openalex.org/W2127616106","https://openalex.org/W2135167853","https://openalex.org/W2136036092","https://openalex.org/W2139638005","https://openalex.org/W2141010530","https://openalex.org/W2142249324","https://openalex.org/W2149156031","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2156194072","https://openalex.org/W2159782774","https://openalex.org/W2168454778","https://openalex.org/W2168747298","https://openalex.org/W2170794935","https://openalex.org/W2171691542","https://openalex.org/W2187537484","https://openalex.org/W2303529379","https://openalex.org/W2338873322","https://openalex.org/W2395721918","https://openalex.org/W2475535907","https://openalex.org/W2518337561","https://openalex.org/W2603019852","https://openalex.org/W2642452024","https://openalex.org/W2738540198","https://openalex.org/W2749320645","https://openalex.org/W2752276495","https://openalex.org/W2765818063","https://openalex.org/W2810115572","https://openalex.org/W2897905943","https://openalex.org/W2901122870","https://openalex.org/W2907816254","https://openalex.org/W2921610729","https://openalex.org/W2963201217","https://openalex.org/W2969150019","https://openalex.org/W3002359475","https://openalex.org/W3008782608","https://openalex.org/W3037525754","https://openalex.org/W3038184569","https://openalex.org/W3048219525","https://openalex.org/W3068591736","https://openalex.org/W3073405407","https://openalex.org/W3088317786","https://openalex.org/W3095737881","https://openalex.org/W3196613717","https://openalex.org/W4200000176","https://openalex.org/W4205153372","https://openalex.org/W4206127492","https://openalex.org/W4213206994","https://openalex.org/W4220987902","https://openalex.org/W4294958997","https://openalex.org/W4298227433","https://openalex.org/W4312199915","https://openalex.org/W4312219325","https://openalex.org/W4320341546","https://openalex.org/W4379805711","https://openalex.org/W4391054101","https://openalex.org/W4392351896"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Bio\u2010inspired":[1],"optimisation":[2,20,50,136],"methods":[3],"have":[4],"been":[5],"widely":[6],"applied":[7,52],"to":[8,36,53,128],"complex":[9],"real\u2010world":[10],"problems,":[11,57],"particularly":[12],"in":[13,97],"low\u2010carbon":[14,55],"power":[15,65],"and":[16,26,39,73,80,88,103,112,123,132],"energy":[17,56,140],"systems,":[18],"where":[19],"tasks":[21],"often":[22],"involve":[23],"high\u2010dimensional,":[24],"constrained":[25],"mixed\u2010integer":[27],"characteristics.":[28],"Traditional":[29],"approaches":[30],"struggle":[31],"with":[32],"these":[33],"challenges":[34],"due":[35],"nonconvexity,":[37],"nonlinearity":[38],"computational":[40,99],"complexity.":[41],"This":[42,125],"paper":[43,107],"provides":[44],"a":[45,117],"comprehensive":[46],"review":[47,126],"of":[48,90,134],"bio\u2010inspired":[49,135],"techniques":[51,137],"key":[54],"including":[58],"economic":[59],"load":[60],"dispatch,":[61],"unit":[62],"commitment,":[63],"optimal":[64],"flow,":[66],"distributed":[67],"generation":[68],"planning,":[69],"heat":[70],"exchanger":[71],"design,":[72],"parameter":[74],"estimation":[75],"for":[76,120,138],"PEM":[77],"fuel":[78],"cells":[79],"solar":[81],"cell":[82],"models.":[83],"By":[84],"analysing":[85],"the":[86,130],"strengths":[87],"limitations":[89],"existing":[91],"methods,":[92],"we":[93],"highlight":[94],"their":[95],"effectiveness":[96],"addressing":[98],"efficiency,":[100],"constraint":[101],"handling":[102],"convergence":[104],"behaviour.":[105],"The":[106],"also":[108],"identifies":[109],"research":[110],"gaps":[111],"discusses":[113],"future":[114],"directions,":[115],"providing":[116],"structured":[118],"reference":[119],"algorithm":[121],"developers":[122],"practitioners.":[124],"aims":[127],"enhance":[129],"adoption":[131],"refinement":[133],"sustainable":[139],"solutions.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2026-03-26T00:00:00"}