{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4229458095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-022-00602-z","title":"Algorithmic fairness in pandemic forecasting: lessons from COVID-19","display_name":"Algorithmic fairness in pandemic forecasting: lessons from COVID-19","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4229458095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-022-00602-z","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35538215"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-022-00602-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-022-00602-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-022-00602-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-022-00602-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054704744","display_name":"Thomas C. Tsai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9183-016X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas C. Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. ttsai@bwh.harvard.edu","Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. ttsai@bwh.harvard.edu","Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9183-016X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. ttsai@bwh.harvard.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. ttsai@bwh.harvard.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037420650","display_name":"Sercan \u00d6. Ar\u0131k","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6333-1729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sercan Arik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6333-1729","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001375775","display_name":"Benjamin H. Jacobson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5550-3559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin H. Jacobson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA","Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5550-3559","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002289527","display_name":"Jinsung Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-5171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinsung Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043770529","display_name":"Nathanael C. Yoder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-4722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nate Yoder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-4722","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027253292","display_name":"Dario Sava","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dario Sava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046235098","display_name":"Margaret Mitchell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7043-6545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margaret Mitchell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007442572","display_name":"Garth Graham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7054-4949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garth Graham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101265241","display_name":"Tomas Pfister","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomas Pfister","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054704744"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"apc_list":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"apc_paid":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"fwci":2.0637,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8596607,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"59","last_page":"59"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11296","display_name":"COVID-19 and healthcare impacts","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12041","display_name":"Public Health Policies and Education","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.8129624128341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.7328712344169617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2019-20-coronavirus-outbreak","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","score":0.5402663946151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","score":0.4938564896583557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-group","display_name":"Ethnic group","score":0.4380016624927521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.37387943267822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3552718758583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.35020411014556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.3400043845176697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.3275183439254761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.13191232085227966}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.8129624128341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.7328712344169617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.5402663946151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.4938564896583557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.4380016624927521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.37387943267822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3552718758583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.35020411014556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3400043845176697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3275183439254761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.13191232085227966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-022-00602-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-022-00602-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-022-00602-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35538215","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35538215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPJ digital medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:54984f2d28a74b7fb99c14718858fecd","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/54984f2d28a74b7fb99c14718858fecd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9090910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9090910","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"NPJ Digit Med","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-022-00602-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-022-00602-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-022-00602-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4229458095.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4229458095.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989903717","https://openalex.org/W2077952213","https://openalex.org/W2106311978","https://openalex.org/W2106351473","https://openalex.org/W2122853676","https://openalex.org/W2131854704","https://openalex.org/W2138696311","https://openalex.org/W2156932411","https://openalex.org/W2159829152","https://openalex.org/W2332787986","https://openalex.org/W2433340405","https://openalex.org/W2611361473","https://openalex.org/W2613203449","https://openalex.org/W2769353181","https://openalex.org/W2813558889","https://openalex.org/W2902802452","https://openalex.org/W2963116854","https://openalex.org/W2981869278","https://openalex.org/W3009224910","https://openalex.org/W3024152340","https://openalex.org/W3025512159","https://openalex.org/W3025818509","https://openalex.org/W3033424552","https://openalex.org/W3035885149","https://openalex.org/W3046673560","https://openalex.org/W3049243480","https://openalex.org/W3081182880","https://openalex.org/W3084028349","https://openalex.org/W3088631181","https://openalex.org/W3110370325","https://openalex.org/W3111105858","https://openalex.org/W3111737151","https://openalex.org/W3119418071","https://openalex.org/W3127292647","https://openalex.org/W3170081797","https://openalex.org/W3204066096","https://openalex.org/W3215416154","https://openalex.org/W4205197778"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3036314732","https://openalex.org/W4205317059","https://openalex.org/W3009669391","https://openalex.org/W4382894326","https://openalex.org/W3198183218","https://openalex.org/W3081785542","https://openalex.org/W3171943759","https://openalex.org/W3176864053","https://openalex.org/W3084498529","https://openalex.org/W4206669628"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Racial":[0],"and":[1,26,42,58,71,79,82,94,119,125,137,154],"ethnic":[2],"minorities":[3],"have":[4],"borne":[5],"a":[6,20],"particularly":[7],"acute":[8],"burden":[9],"of":[10,30,63,85,109,150],"the":[11,15,31,60,64,83,127],"COVID-19":[12,65,129],"pandemic":[13,146],"in":[14,37,48,69,113],"United":[16],"States.":[17],"There":[18],"is":[19],"growing":[21],"awareness":[22],"from":[23],"both":[24,77,86],"researchers":[25],"public":[27],"health":[28],"leaders":[29],"critical":[32],"need":[33],"to":[34,53,133,140,157],"ensure":[35],"fairness":[36,159],"forecast":[38],"results.":[39],"Without":[40],"careful":[41],"deliberate":[43],"bias":[44],"mitigation,":[45],"inequities":[46,101],"embedded":[47],"data":[49,70,92,97],"can":[50,73],"be":[51,74,103,117],"transferred":[52],"model":[54,132],"predictions,":[55],"perpetuating":[56],"disparities,":[57],"exacerbating":[59],"disproportionate":[61],"harms":[62],"pandemic.":[66],"These":[67],"biases":[68],"forecasts":[72],"viewed":[75],"through":[76],"statistical":[78],"sociological":[80],"lenses,":[81],"challenges":[84,136],"building":[87,124],"hierarchical":[88],"models":[89],"with":[90],"limited":[91],"availability":[93],"drawing":[95],"on":[96,121],"that":[98],"reflects":[99],"structural":[100],"must":[102],"confronted.":[104],"We":[105],"present":[106,160],"an":[107],"outline":[108],"key":[110],"modeling":[111,153],"domains":[112,149],"which":[114],"unfairness":[115],"may":[116],"introduced":[118],"draw":[120],"our":[122],"experience":[123],"testing":[126],"Google-Harvard":[128],"Public":[130],"Forecasting":[131],"illustrate":[134],"these":[135,148],"offer":[138],"strategies":[139],"address":[141],"them.":[142],"While":[143],"targeted":[144],"toward":[145],"forecasting,":[147],"potentially":[151],"biased":[152],"concurrent":[155],"approaches":[156],"pursuing":[158],"important":[161],"considerations":[162],"for":[163],"equitable":[164],"machine-learning":[165],"innovation.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
