{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220991280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-022-00457-9","title":"Learning functional properties of proteins with language models","display_name":"Learning functional properties of proteins with language models","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220991280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-022-00457-9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s42256-022-00457-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-022-00457-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2912241403","display_name":"Nature Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2522-5839","issn":["2522-5839"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025046599","display_name":"Serb\u00fclent \u00dcnsal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1986-3485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162720556","display_name":"Karadeniz Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03z8fyr40","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162720556"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","display_name":"Middle East Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/014weej12","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Serbulent Unsal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (KanSiL), Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey","Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (KanSiL), Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162720556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054058101","display_name":"Heval Ata\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3180-7010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","display_name":"Middle East Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/014weej12","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heval Atas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (KanSiL), Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (KanSiL), Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089498016","display_name":"Muammer Albayrak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5946-6310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162720556","display_name":"Karadeniz Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03z8fyr40","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162720556"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muammer Albayrak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162720556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005115875","display_name":"Kemal Turhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7871-3025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162720556","display_name":"Karadeniz Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03z8fyr40","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162720556"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kemal Turhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162720556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037079774","display_name":"Aybar C. Acar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5694-8675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","display_name":"Middle East Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/014weej12","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aybar C. Acar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (KanSiL), Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (KanSiL), Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003981652","display_name":"Tunca Do\u011fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1298-9763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","display_name":"Middle East Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/014weej12","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66514158","display_name":"Hacettepe University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tunca Do\u011fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (KanSiL), Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey","Department of Computer Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey","Institute of Informatics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (KanSiL), Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Informatics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003981652"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495","https://openalex.org/I66514158"],"apc_list":{"value":9750,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":11690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.3586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":210,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99639155,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"227","last_page":"245"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7165563106536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6048842668533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5842239260673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5717535018920898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.532860279083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5158816576004028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.47759246826171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-structure-prediction","display_name":"Protein structure prediction","score":0.4505864977836609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedicine","display_name":"Biomedicine","score":0.4497416615486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4442923367023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.44303229451179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-structure","display_name":"Protein structure","score":0.2495885193347931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics","display_name":"Bioinformatics","score":0.21600720286369324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.09739691019058228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7165563106536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6048842668533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5842239260673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5717535018920898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.532860279083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5158816576004028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.47759246826171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18051474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899656","display_name":"Protein structure prediction","level":3,"score":0.4505864977836609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66782513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864601","display_name":"Biomedicine","level":2,"score":0.4497416615486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4442923367023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.44303229451179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47701112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735188","display_name":"Protein structure","level":2,"score":0.2495885193347931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.21600720286369324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09739691019058228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s42256-022-00457-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-022-00457-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2912241403","display_name":"Nature Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2522-5839","issn":["2522-5839"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://open.metu.edu.tr:11511/97190","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11511/97190","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402495","display_name":"OpenMETU (Middle East Technical University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","host_organization_name":"Middle East Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.75,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":110,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501531009","https://openalex.org/W1566565124","https://openalex.org/W1852517750","https://openalex.org/W1965205049","https://openalex.org/W1987696643","https://openalex.org/W1996239184","https://openalex.org/W2031597111","https://openalex.org/W2034115630","https://openalex.org/W2041025542","https://openalex.org/W2069123478","https://openalex.org/W2069458148","https://openalex.org/W2076048958","https://openalex.org/W2078483536","https://openalex.org/W2083028331","https://openalex.org/W2092750499","https://openalex.org/W2100761975","https://openalex.org/W2106775540","https://openalex.org/W2114714512","https://openalex.org/W2126486632","https://openalex.org/W2131003275","https://openalex.org/W2132292391","https://openalex.org/W2157807259","https://openalex.org/W2164461702","https://openalex.org/W2164700406","https://openalex.org/W2198821978","https://openalex.org/W2320400318","https://openalex.org/W2340987618","https://openalex.org/W2341018731","https://openalex.org/W2395579298","https://openalex.org/W2481160739","https://openalex.org/W2506660467","https://openalex.org/W2556131117","https://openalex.org/W2557595285","https://openalex.org/W2569644332","https://openalex.org/W2581025809","https://openalex.org/W2612935389","https://openalex.org/W2736287575","https://openalex.org/W2739999456","https://openalex.org/W2771582859","https://openalex.org/W2777416523","https://openalex.org/W2785792383","https://openalex.org/W2785947426","https://openalex.org/W2791796577","https://openalex.org/W2800388620","https://openalex.org/W2805338223","https://openalex.org/W2806449887","https://openalex.org/W2809728348","https://openalex.org/W2810323998","https://openalex.org/W2882018707","https://openalex.org/W2885808649","https://openalex.org/W2886544065","https://openalex.org/W2888052919","https://openalex.org/W2890223884","https://openalex.org/W2890579117","https://openalex.org/W2892113269","https://openalex.org/W2892210937","https://openalex.org/W2896699990","https://openalex.org/W2900090807","https://openalex.org/W2901218091","https://openalex.org/W2902476877","https://openalex.org/W2905810301","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2937169286","https://openalex.org/W2937766897","https://openalex.org/W2945297971","https://openalex.org/W2950595506","https://openalex.org/W2951731136","https://openalex.org/W2952209472","https://openalex.org/W2952209560","https://openalex.org/W2952631022","https://openalex.org/W2957436444","https://openalex.org/W2959517416","https://openalex.org/W2962883549","https://openalex.org/W2963640180","https://openalex.org/W2968362167","https://openalex.org/W2969180072","https://openalex.org/W2980789587","https://openalex.org/W2981852735","https://openalex.org/W2988916019","https://openalex.org/W2989608901","https://openalex.org/W2999044305","https://openalex.org/W2999481648","https://openalex.org/W2999554466","https://openalex.org/W3037888463","https://openalex.org/W3040739508","https://openalex.org/W3048258966","https://openalex.org/W3049692992","https://openalex.org/W3083386021","https://openalex.org/W3093397714","https://openalex.org/W3095583226","https://openalex.org/W3098293894","https://openalex.org/W3118936575","https://openalex.org/W3143063265","https://openalex.org/W3146944767","https://openalex.org/W3176163250","https://openalex.org/W3179485843","https://openalex.org/W3183475563","https://openalex.org/W3186179742","https://openalex.org/W3186612807","https://openalex.org/W3198971594","https://openalex.org/W3211728297","https://openalex.org/W3217661426","https://openalex.org/W4205247356","https://openalex.org/W4213112325","https://openalex.org/W4242765109","https://openalex.org/W4287629316","https://openalex.org/W6636975626","https://openalex.org/W6763868836","https://openalex.org/W6791955017","https://openalex.org/W6907706893"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238897586","https://openalex.org/W435179959","https://openalex.org/W2619091065","https://openalex.org/W2059640416","https://openalex.org/W1490753184","https://openalex.org/W2284465472","https://openalex.org/W2291782699","https://openalex.org/W1993948687","https://openalex.org/W2011676020","https://openalex.org/W2770764537"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":81},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
