{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3184097711","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-021-00370-7","title":"Governing AI safety through independent audits","display_name":"Governing AI safety through independent audits","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3184097711","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-021-00370-7","mag":"3184097711"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s42256-021-00370-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-021-00370-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2912241403","display_name":"Nature Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2522-5839","issn":["2522-5839"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052907259","display_name":"Gregory Falco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6463-7719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gregory Falco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","Freeman Spogli Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","Institute for Assured Autonomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Freeman Spogli Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Assured Autonomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052623072","display_name":"Ben Shneiderman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8298-1097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Shneiderman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, Maryland, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, Maryland, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001000229","display_name":"Julia Badger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149382","display_name":"Johnson Space Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04xx4z452","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779","https://openalex.org/I4210149382"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia Badger","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044105801","display_name":"Ryan Carrier","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Carrier","raw_affiliation_strings":["ForHumanity, Thornwood, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ForHumanity, Thornwood, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026036015","display_name":"Anton Dahbura","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton Dahbura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Assured Autonomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Assured Autonomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021339534","display_name":"David Danks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4541-5966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Danks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy and Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy and Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064432251","display_name":"Martin Eling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-555X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202963720","display_name":"University of St.Gallen","ror":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202963720"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Eling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Insurance Economics, School of Finance, University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Insurance Economics, School of Finance, University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202963720"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073250069","display_name":"Alwyn E. Goodloe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8216-4996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319063186","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alwyn Goodloe","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044810999","display_name":"Jerry Gupta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131142","display_name":"Swiss Re (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/0377apf83","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131142"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerry Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss RE, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss RE, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011234746","display_name":"Christopher Hart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7469-7731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1337559098","display_name":"National Transportation Safety Board","ror":"https://ror.org/01d582b74","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1337559098"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Hart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington Metrorail Safety Commission, Washington, DC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington Metrorail Safety Commission, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1337559098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023741875","display_name":"Marina Jirotka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6088-3955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marina Jirotka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030247424","display_name":"H. H. Johnson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henric Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wallenberg Research Link, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wallenberg Research Link, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025696074","display_name":"Cara LaPointe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8447-3742"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cara LaPointe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","Institute for Assured Autonomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Assured Autonomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110242040","display_name":"Ashley J. Llorens","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashley J. Llorens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079331774","display_name":"Alan K. Mackworth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0380-105X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan K. Mackworth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080175512","display_name":"Carsten Maple","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4715-212X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carsten Maple","raw_affiliation_strings":["WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011260587","display_name":"Sigur\u00f0ur Emil P\u00e1lsson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165368041","display_name":"University of Iceland","ror":"https://ror.org/01db6h964","country_code":"IS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]}],"countries":["IS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sigur\u00f0ur Emil P\u00e1lsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043513868","display_name":"Frank Pasquale","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180140025","display_name":"Brooklyn Law School","ror":"https://ror.org/002w9k038","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180140025"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Pasquale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brooklyn Law School, New York City, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brooklyn Law School, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180140025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020850821","display_name":"Alan Winfield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1476-3127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178535277","display_name":"University of the West of England","ror":"https://ror.org/02nwg5t34","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161128","display_name":"Bristol Robotics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/056sbyc67","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161128"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan Winfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol Robotics Lab, UWE, Bristol, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol Robotics Lab, UWE, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161128","https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056475803","display_name":"Zee Kin Yeong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802665821","display_name":"Media Development Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhhdj49","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802665821"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152468","display_name":"Infocomm Media Development Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/05qha6z89","country_code":null,"type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106279","https://openalex.org/I4387152468"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zee Kin Yeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Innovation and Protection Group, Infocomm Media Development Authority of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Innovation and Protection Group, Infocomm Media Development Authority of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802665821","https://openalex.org/I4387152468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":20,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052907259"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":{"value":9750,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":11690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.8113,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":209,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99723888,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"7","first_page":"566","last_page":"571"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13851","display_name":"Law, AI, and Intellectual Property","score":0.930400013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audit","display_name":"Audit","score":0.6903499364852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.6231094598770142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3455658257007599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accounting","display_name":"Accounting","score":0.3084631860256195}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.6903499364852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6231094598770142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3455658257007599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.3084631860256195}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s42256-021-00370-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-021-00370-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2912241403","display_name":"Nature Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2522-5839","issn":["2522-5839"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:900c78bf-4fe3-4afc-aaed-5a5fdffecbff","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:900c78bf-4fe3-4afc-aaed-5a5fdffecbff","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symplectic Elements","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G206070985","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/S005099/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2518717205","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P01366X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2919768833","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N01300X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4361385167","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES/S001832/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4806304024","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N01300X/2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7282611729","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R007195/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8079345471","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N02298X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332178","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03n0ht308"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504628442","https://openalex.org/W1562987626","https://openalex.org/W2022827115","https://openalex.org/W2092490727","https://openalex.org/W2099354898","https://openalex.org/W2162040794","https://openalex.org/W2501491099","https://openalex.org/W2613532647","https://openalex.org/W2754285579","https://openalex.org/W2776134314","https://openalex.org/W2897042519","https://openalex.org/W2897178686","https://openalex.org/W2913163749","https://openalex.org/W2953522645","https://openalex.org/W2974071289","https://openalex.org/W2985543011","https://openalex.org/W2990292214","https://openalex.org/W2992046967","https://openalex.org/W2999331643","https://openalex.org/W3005792122","https://openalex.org/W3013160799","https://openalex.org/W3017343191","https://openalex.org/W3025828716","https://openalex.org/W3096085788","https://openalex.org/W3096913845","https://openalex.org/W3099877573","https://openalex.org/W3100279624","https://openalex.org/W3117747505","https://openalex.org/W3128214626","https://openalex.org/W3157172840","https://openalex.org/W3203477062","https://openalex.org/W4292542163","https://openalex.org/W6749630143"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2404937507","https://openalex.org/W3121186197","https://openalex.org/W2373849942","https://openalex.org/W151161666","https://openalex.org/W2030757640","https://openalex.org/W2118407572","https://openalex.org/W2071653420","https://openalex.org/W1967231687","https://openalex.org/W3101499207"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
