{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403796237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02829-6","title":"UNICORN: a deep learning model for integrating multi-stain data in histopathology","display_name":"UNICORN: a deep learning model for integrating multi-stain data in histopathology","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403796237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02829-6","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42315948"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02829-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02829-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02829-6_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02829-6_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025821218","display_name":"Valentin Koch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9678-374X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802821144","display_name":"Center for Environmental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03k84rm07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802821144"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018134672","display_name":"Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/00cfam450","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valentin Koch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany","School of Computation and Information Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802821144","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computation and Information Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088667166","display_name":"Sabine Bauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-8417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127591","display_name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research","ror":"https://ror.org/031t5w623","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127591","https://openalex.org/I4405256427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148371","display_name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/04hbwba26","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148371","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabine Bauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany","Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148371"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114418933","display_name":"Valerio Luppberger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802821144","display_name":"Center for Environmental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03k84rm07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802821144"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018134672","display_name":"Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/00cfam450","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148371","display_name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/04hbwba26","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148371","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shweta Mahajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany","Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802821144","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148371"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083339668","display_name":"Michael Joner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2971-8310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093919","display_name":"Munich Leukemia Laboratory (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00smdp487","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093919"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerio Lupperger","raw_affiliation_strings":["MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083339668","display_name":"Michael Joner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2971-8310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127591","display_name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research","ror":"https://ror.org/031t5w623","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127591","https://openalex.org/I4405256427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148371","display_name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/04hbwba26","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148371","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Joner","raw_affiliation_strings":["DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany","Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148371"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006952690","display_name":"Heribert Schunkert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6428-3001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127591","display_name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research","ror":"https://ror.org/031t5w623","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127591","https://openalex.org/I4405256427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148371","display_name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/04hbwba26","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148371","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heribert Schunkert","raw_affiliation_strings":["DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany","Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148371"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019012882","display_name":"Julia A. Schnabel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6107-3009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802821144","display_name":"Center for Environmental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03k84rm07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802821144"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018134672","display_name":"Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/00cfam450","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia A. Schnabel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany","School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK","School of Computation and Information Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802821144","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computation and Information Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087441114","display_name":"Moritz von Scheidt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7159-8271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127591","display_name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research","ror":"https://ror.org/031t5w623","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127591","https://openalex.org/I4405256427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148371","display_name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/04hbwba26","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148371","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moritz von Scheidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany","Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148371"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046721596","display_name":"Carsten Marr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2154-4552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17937529","display_name":"German Cancer Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04cdgtt98","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I17937529"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802821144","display_name":"Center for Environmental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03k84rm07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802821144"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018134672","display_name":"Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/00cfam450","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carsten Marr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany. carsten.marr@helmholtz-munich.de","DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany. carsten.marr@helmholtz-munich.de","Department of Medicine III, Ludwig Maximilian University Hospital, Munich, Germany. carsten.marr@helmholtz-munich.de","Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany. carsten.marr@helmholtz-munich.de"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany. carsten.marr@helmholtz-munich.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018134672","https://openalex.org/I2802821144"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany. carsten.marr@helmholtz-munich.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17937529"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine III, Ludwig Maximilian University Hospital, Munich, Germany. carsten.marr@helmholtz-munich.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany. carsten.marr@helmholtz-munich.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046721596"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17937529","https://openalex.org/I2802821144","https://openalex.org/I3018134672","https://openalex.org/I8204097"],"apc_list":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"apc_paid":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00472528,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unicorn","display_name":"Unicorn","score":0.9362603425979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stain","display_name":"Stain","score":0.6183943152427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5088472366333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histopathology","display_name":"Histopathology","score":0.476764976978302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4674082100391388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.22886988520622253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.2033664882183075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.12993481755256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-history","display_name":"Art history","score":0.12797793745994568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staining","display_name":"Staining","score":0.0966205894947052}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780734062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3549947","display_name":"Unicorn","level":2,"score":0.9362603425979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781294515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2733470","display_name":"Stain","level":3,"score":0.6183943152427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5088472366333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544855455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070952","display_name":"Histopathology","level":2,"score":0.476764976978302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4674082100391388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.22886988520622253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.2033664882183075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12993481755256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.12797793745994568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74864618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2332446","display_name":"Staining","level":2,"score":0.0966205894947052}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02829-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02829-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02829-6_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42315948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42315948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPJ digital medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/20f8457e-3603-4ada-9ebe-488fc7608937","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/20f8457e-3603-4ada-9ebe-488fc7608937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Koch, V, Bauer, S, Mahajan, S, Lupperger, V, Joner, M, Schunkert, H, Schnabel, J A, von Scheidt, M & Marr, C 2026, 'Unicorn : a deep learning model for integrating multi-stain data in histopathology', npj Digital Medicine, vol. 9, no. 1, 480. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02829-6","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2409.17775","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2409.17775","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.17775","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0ed76c93185c4f95a58286a81ce70132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0ed76c93185c4f95a58286a81ce70132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13287598","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13287598/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"NPJ Digit Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2409.17775","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2409.17775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02829-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02829-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02829-6_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1147967356","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A533A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","funder_display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1159569226","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A534A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","funder_display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1254183670","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A538A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","funder_display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1511448630","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537D","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","funder_display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1741599539","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537C","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2414046978","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A533A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2502478445","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A533B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2511594427","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537C","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2768250103","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","funder_display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G313332700","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537D","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G431688250","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A534A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4480115467","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A535A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5157400669","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G524245738","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5828315659","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A538A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5870080920","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537D","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G627612317","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A535A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6303721240","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A535A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","funder_display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6418569106","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A532B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","funder_display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6557565170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","funder_display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6645136632","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A538A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7086918339","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A534A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7502528521","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7614570622","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A532B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7636979992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DZHK-81X3600506","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312069","funder_display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Herz-Kreislaufforschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8126315642","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A532B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8205150067","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A533A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8377217958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A533B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","funder_display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8387372653","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A533B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8424115693","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"866411","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8452288796","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8953674659","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"031A537C","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","funder_display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309883","display_name":"Foundation for Cardiovascular Research","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312069","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Herz-Kreislaufforschung","ror":"https://ror.org/031t5w623"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316266","display_name":"Corona-Stiftung","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319992","display_name":"British Heart Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02wdwnk04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320890","display_name":"Fondation Leducq","ror":"https://ror.org/01czwga19"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323555","display_name":"Deutsche Herzstiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/02hq6wv21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330124","display_name":"German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335254","display_name":"Horizon 2020","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403796237.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403796237.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4394626745","https://openalex.org/W2499383284","https://openalex.org/W627165546","https://openalex.org/W3108531707","https://openalex.org/W624306106","https://openalex.org/W3094478971","https://openalex.org/W3112272529"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,61],"integration":[1],"of":[2,94,108],"multi-stain":[3,24,55,88],"histopathology":[4,56],"images":[5,91],"through":[6],"deep":[7],"learning":[8,82],"poses":[9],"a":[10,44,86,105],"significant":[11],"challenge.":[12],"Current":[13],"approaches":[14],"struggle":[15],"with":[16],"data":[17],"heterogeneity":[18],"and":[19,31,121,128,143],"missing":[20],"data,":[21],"as":[22],"concatenating":[23],"features":[25,70,80],"may":[26],"not":[27],"effectively":[28],"model":[29,48,77],"stain-specific":[30],"cross-stain":[32],"interactions.":[33,84],"We":[34],"introduce":[35],"UNICORN":[36,103,114],"(UNiversal":[37],"stain":[38],"Integration":[39],"network":[40],"for":[41,57,137],"CORonary":[42],"classificatioN),":[43],"two-stage,":[45],"end-to-end":[46],"trainable":[47],"comprising":[49],"transformer":[50],"self-attention":[51],"blocks":[52],"to":[53,68],"process":[54],"atherosclerosis":[58,132],"severity":[59],"prediction.":[60],"initial":[62],"stage":[63],"employs":[64],"domain-specific":[65],"expert":[66,76],"models":[67,123],"extract":[69],"from":[71,97],"each":[72],"staining.":[73],"An":[74],"aggregation":[75],"then":[78],"integrates":[79],"by":[81],"their":[83],"On":[85],"multi-class,":[87],"whole":[89],"slide":[90],"(WSIs)":[92],"dataset":[93],"atherosclerotic":[95],"lesions":[96],"Munich":[98],"Cardiovascular":[99],"Studies":[100],"Biobank":[101],"(MISSION),":[102],"achieved":[104],"classification":[106],"accuracy":[107],"0.68,":[109],"significantly":[110],"outperforming":[111],"state-of-the-art":[112],"models.":[113],"identifies":[115],"relevant":[116],"tissue":[117],"phenotypes":[118],"across":[119],"stainings":[120],"implicitly":[122],"disease":[124],"progression.":[125],"Its":[126],"explainability":[127],"effectiveness":[129],"in":[130,140],"predicting":[131],"progression":[133],"highlight":[134],"the":[135],"potential":[136],"broader":[138],"applications":[139],"medical":[141],"research":[142],"decision":[144],"support.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-18T07:39:51.176621","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}