{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140413488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02540-6","title":"Deep learning-based precision phenotyping of spine curvature identifies novel genetic risk loci for scoliosis in the UK Biobank","display_name":"Deep learning-based precision phenotyping of spine curvature identifies novel genetic risk loci for scoliosis in the UK Biobank","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140413488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02540-6","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41882318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02540-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02540-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02540-6_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02540-6_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119576770","display_name":"Michael Zeosk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Zeosky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015313591","display_name":"Eucharist Kun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9919-173X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eucharist Kun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112588443","display_name":"Siddharth Reddy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siddharth Reddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003291597","display_name":"Devansh Pandey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6490-517X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devansh Pandey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011549053","display_name":"Liaoyi Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7198-3353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liaoyi Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055701077","display_name":"Joyce Y. Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joyce Y. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087597876","display_name":"Chenfei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7473-7417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenfei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023546937","display_name":"Ryan S. Gray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9668-6497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102018","display_name":"Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/015yf2b46","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320343167","https://openalex.org/I4210102018","https://openalex.org/I4387930201","https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan S. Gray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","Department of Pediatrics, Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015292091","display_name":"C A Wise","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802862759","display_name":"Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children","ror":"https://ror.org/03gd5jm66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802862759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carol A. Wise","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX, USA","Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802862759"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047174254","display_name":"Nao Otomo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8686-2722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802862759","display_name":"Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children","ror":"https://ror.org/03gd5jm66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802862759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nao Otomo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX, USA","Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802862759"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052318216","display_name":"Vagheesh M. Narasimhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8651-8844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vagheesh M. Narasimhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. vagheesh@utexas.edu","Department of Statistics and Data Science, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. vagheesh@utexas.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. vagheesh@utexas.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics and Data Science, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. vagheesh@utexas.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052318216"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":{"value":3590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":{"value":3590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3590},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31705422,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11030","display_name":"Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment","score":0.9264000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11030","display_name":"Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment","score":0.9264000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11310","display_name":"Connective tissue disorders research","score":0.025599999353289604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.006899999920278788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biobank","display_name":"Biobank","score":0.8482000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scoliosis","display_name":"Scoliosis","score":0.8094000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome-wide-association-study","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","score":0.6934000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantitative-trait-locus","display_name":"Quantitative trait locus","score":0.5160999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cobb-angle","display_name":"Cobb angle","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-association","display_name":"Genetic association","score":0.4165000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation","display_name":"Correlation","score":0.35420000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-variants","display_name":"Genetic variants","score":0.34209999442100525}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116567970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864217","display_name":"Biobank","level":2,"score":0.8482000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780955175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174857","display_name":"Scoliosis","level":2,"score":0.8094000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106208931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1098876","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","level":5,"score":0.6934000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81941488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853421","display_name":"Quantitative trait locus","level":3,"score":0.5160999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778871979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1104591","display_name":"Cobb angle","level":3,"score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4219000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186413461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744727","display_name":"Genetic association","level":5,"score":0.4165000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3788999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.36820000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3634999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.35420000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993967602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532932","display_name":"Genetic variants","level":4,"score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993634128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174857","display_name":"Idiopathic scoliosis","level":3,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161890455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503548","display_name":"Heritability","level":2,"score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.29249998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58041806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1660484","display_name":"Imputation (statistics)","level":3,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177860879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532897","display_name":"Genetic epidemiology","level":3,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64474127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071953","display_name":"Medical genetics","level":3,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992519594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870433","display_name":"Genetic model","level":3,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189206191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222046","display_name":"Genomics","level":4,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19609008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2138203","display_name":"Region of interest","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153209595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501128","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","level":4,"score":0.2567000091075897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02540-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02540-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02540-6_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41882318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41882318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPJ digital medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:45c6694aa82d4467bb98b21150485edb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/45c6694aa82d4467bb98b21150485edb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13183883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13183883/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"NPJ Digit Med","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02540-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02540-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02540-6_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334049","display_name":"Allen Discovery Center","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7140413488.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7140413488.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1732199838","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1977695900","https://openalex.org/W1982700114","https://openalex.org/W2000235333","https://openalex.org/W2018838463","https://openalex.org/W2027148347","https://openalex.org/W2035340650","https://openalex.org/W2081280095","https://openalex.org/W2089328676","https://openalex.org/W2094221290","https://openalex.org/W2108348061","https://openalex.org/W2115414474","https://openalex.org/W2127493628","https://openalex.org/W2153860431","https://openalex.org/W2161633633","https://openalex.org/W2164389373","https://openalex.org/W2170350714","https://openalex.org/W2413615010","https://openalex.org/W2438256301","https://openalex.org/W2591318616","https://openalex.org/W2752728932","https://openalex.org/W2889631667","https://openalex.org/W2895486342","https://openalex.org/W2902072306","https://openalex.org/W2949650786","https://openalex.org/W2969996045","https://openalex.org/W3003257820","https://openalex.org/W3035965352","https://openalex.org/W3108679240","https://openalex.org/W3125832420","https://openalex.org/W3162800482","https://openalex.org/W3175868735","https://openalex.org/W4308616307","https://openalex.org/W4366256743","https://openalex.org/W4384921894","https://openalex.org/W4386022599","https://openalex.org/W4386064614","https://openalex.org/W4392578347","https://openalex.org/W4396999782","https://openalex.org/W4401135847","https://openalex.org/W4409317333"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Scoliosis":[0],"is":[1],"the":[2,32,141,144,167,173],"most":[3],"common":[4],"developmental":[5],"spinal":[6,38,84],"deformity,":[7],"but":[8],"its":[9],"genetic":[10,181],"underpinnings":[11],"remain":[12],"only":[13],"partially":[14],"understood.":[15],"To":[16,82],"identify":[17,193],"scoliosis-related":[18],"loci,":[19],"we":[20,88],"utilized":[21],"dual":[22],"energy":[23],"X-ray":[24],"absorptiometry":[25],"(DXA)":[26],"scans":[27],"from":[28],"57,588":[29],"individuals":[30],"in":[31,106,113,140],"UK":[33],"Biobank":[34,145],"(UKB),":[35],"and":[36,45,115,125,137,143,192],"quantified":[37],"curvature":[39,61,85],"using":[40],"deep":[41],"learning-based":[42],"vertebral":[43],"segmentation":[44],"landmarking":[46],"to":[47,86,179,186],"measure":[48],"cumulative":[49],"horizontal":[50],"displacement.":[51],"On":[52],"a":[53,64,77,90,107,160],"subset":[54],"of":[55,66,146,175],"150":[56],"individuals,":[57],"our":[58,134,151],"automated":[59],"image-derived":[60],"measurements":[62],"showed":[63],"correlation":[65,128],"0.83":[67],"with":[68,104,164,188],"clinical":[69],"Cobb":[70],"angle":[71],"assessments,":[72],"supporting":[73],"their":[74],"validity":[75],"as":[76],"proxy":[78],"for":[79,196],"scoliosis":[80,105,162],"severity.":[81],"connect":[83],"genetics,":[87],"conducted":[89],"genome-wide":[91,156],"association":[92],"study":[93],"(GWAS).":[94],"Our":[95,170],"quantitative":[96,152,176],"imaging":[97,177],"phenotype":[98],"identified":[99],"2":[100],"novel":[101],"loci":[102,111,158,195],"associated":[103],"European":[108],"population.":[109],"These":[110],"are":[112,184],"SEM1/SHFM1":[114],"on":[116,119],"an":[117],"lncRNA":[118],"chr":[120],"3":[121],"located":[122],"between":[123,133],"EDEM1":[124],"GRM7.":[126],"Genetic":[127],"analysis":[129],"revealed":[130],"significant":[131,157],"overlap":[132],"image-based":[135],"GWAS":[136,139,153],"ICD-10-based":[138],"UKB":[142],"Japan.":[147],"We":[148],"show":[149],"that":[150,183],"identifies":[154],"more":[155],"than":[159],"case-control":[161],"dataset":[163],"ten":[165],"times":[166],"sample":[168],"size.":[169],"results":[171],"illustrate":[172],"potential":[174],"phenotypes":[178],"uncover":[180],"associations":[182],"challenging":[185],"capture":[187],"medical":[189],"records":[190],"alone":[191],"new":[194],"functional":[197],"follow-up.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2026-03-27T00:00:00"}