{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7152439011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02472-1","title":"Multicenter validation and updating of the ELDER-ICU model for severity assessment in elderly critical illness","display_name":"Multicenter validation and updating of the ELDER-ICU model for severity assessment in elderly critical illness","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7152439011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02472-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41957287"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02472-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02472-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02472-1_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02472-1_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073713090","display_name":"Minjie Duan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minjie Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese PLA Medical School, 100853, Beijing, China","Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese PLA Medical School, 100853, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133237704","display_name":"Xiaoli Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoli Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078409612","display_name":"Wesley Yeung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3224-8954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107866","display_name":"National University Heart Centre Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01vvdem88","country_code":"SG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107866"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["SG","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wesley Yeung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, 119074, Singapore, Singapore","Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, 119074, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107866"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133244844","display_name":"Sicheng Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sicheng Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013244739","display_name":"Jesse D. Raffa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8665-2429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesse Raffa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101568658","display_name":"Pan Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1796-6866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104439","display_name":"People's Liberation Army 401 Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01cnyad13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104439"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pan Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology, The 920 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese PLA, 650100, Kunming, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology, The 920 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese PLA, 650100, Kunming, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104439"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133256915","display_name":"Chao Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133305505","display_name":"Lin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3570-234X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162045","display_name":"Jinhua Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04z13ha89","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 365, Renmin East Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 365, Renmin East Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133264680","display_name":"Zitao Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zitao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018726605","display_name":"Zhenyue Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2283-2820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyue Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133282584","display_name":"Tao Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014474282","display_name":"Desen Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-9263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Desen Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China. caodesen2012@126.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China. caodesen2012@126.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133284382","display_name":"Feihu Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feihu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China. feihuzhou301@126.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China. feihuzhou301@126.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133297040","display_name":"Zhongheng Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192209268","display_name":"Shaoxing University","ror":"https://ror.org/0435tej63","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192209268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802390878","display_name":"Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00ka6rp58","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802390878"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129496460","display_name":"Lishui University","ror":"https://ror.org/0418kp584","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129496460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhongheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310016, Hangzhou, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310016, Hangzhou, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","Longquan Industrial Innovation Research Institute, 323000, Lishui, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China. zhangzhengbo@301hospital.com.cn","School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 312000, Shaoxing, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310016, Hangzhou, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802390878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310016, Hangzhou, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802390878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Longquan Industrial Innovation Research Institute, 323000, Lishui, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129496460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China. zhangzhengbo@301hospital.com.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 312000, Shaoxing, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192209268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014206741","display_name":"Zhengbo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9218-5644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192209268","display_name":"Shaoxing University","ror":"https://ror.org/0435tej63","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192209268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802390878","display_name":"Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00ka6rp58","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802390878"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129496460","display_name":"Lishui University","ror":"https://ror.org/0418kp584","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129496460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhengbo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310016, Hangzhou, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310016, Hangzhou, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","Longquan Industrial Innovation Research Institute, 323000, Lishui, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China. zhangzhengbo@301hospital.com.cn","School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 312000, Shaoxing, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310016, Hangzhou, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802390878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310016, Hangzhou, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802390878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Longquan Industrial Innovation Research Institute, 323000, Lishui, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129496460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China. zhangzhengbo@301hospital.com.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 312000, Shaoxing, China. zh_zhang1984@zju.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192209268"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133251758","display_name":"Leo Anthony Celi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316535847","display_name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316535847"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leo Anthony Celi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 02115, Boston, MA, USA","Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 02215, Boston, MA, USA","Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 02115, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 02215, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316535847"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014206741","https://openalex.org/A5133297040"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192209268","https://openalex.org/I2802390878","https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I3129496460"],"apc_list":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"apc_paid":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42131007,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9204999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9204999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11011","display_name":"Frailty in Older Adults","score":0.035599999129772186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10867","display_name":"Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders","score":0.010700000450015068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-illness","display_name":"Critical illness","score":0.4927999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severity-of-illness","display_name":"Severity of illness","score":0.37369999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-unit","display_name":"Intensive care unit","score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.2712000012397766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6644999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993568657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Critical illness","level":3,"score":0.4927999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4185999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30036603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125150","display_name":"Severity of illness","level":2,"score":0.37369999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776376669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5094647","display_name":"Intensive care unit","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909122986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125150","display_name":"Illness severity","level":3,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992435398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934595","display_name":"Multicenter study","level":3,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02472-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02472-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02472-1_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41957287","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41957287","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPJ digital medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13324029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13324029/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13324029/pdf/41746_2026_Article_2472.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"NPJ Digit Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:58e6b967d53849aeae276d749733a6ec","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/58e6b967d53849aeae276d749733a6ec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02472-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02472-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-026-02472-1_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2407199887","display_name":"A Learning Ecosystem for Teaching High School Students Machine Learning Concepts and Data Science Skills in Healthcare and Medicine","funder_award_id":"2148451","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2683139742","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZJDXLQCXZCJBGS2024016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322927","funder_display_name":"Zhejiang University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3466276299","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62571550","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6401830922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GZY-ZJ-KJ-24082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335784","funder_display_name":"Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6870724188","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DS-I Africa U54 TW012043-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8427091614","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8879993515","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 EB017205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322647","display_name":"Chinese Pharmaceutical Association","ror":"https://ror.org/023q20n38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322927","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335784","display_name":"Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7152439011.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7152439011.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2891400669","https://openalex.org/W3031989616","https://openalex.org/W3080627676","https://openalex.org/W3177617320","https://openalex.org/W3207900783","https://openalex.org/W4200271217","https://openalex.org/W4311662001","https://openalex.org/W4312384142","https://openalex.org/W4385972885","https://openalex.org/W4390973053","https://openalex.org/W4391527153","https://openalex.org/W4393261948","https://openalex.org/W4394857110","https://openalex.org/W4399394809","https://openalex.org/W4400800750","https://openalex.org/W4402199506","https://openalex.org/W4404576512","https://openalex.org/W4408405690","https://openalex.org/W4408806526","https://openalex.org/W4409362061","https://openalex.org/W4409985141","https://openalex.org/W4416717403"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"ELDER-ICU":[1,112],"model,":[2],"a":[3],"machine":[4],"learning":[5],"tool":[6],"for":[7],"predicting":[8],"in-hospital":[9],"mortality":[10],"in":[11,27,51,61,73,85,141],"critically":[12],"ill":[13],"older":[14],"adults":[15],"(":[16],"\u2265":[17],"65":[18],"years),":[19],"was":[20],"externally":[21],"validated":[22],"across":[23,122],"12":[24],"international":[25],"centers":[26],"the":[28,86,107,111,115],"US,":[29],"Austria,":[30],"South":[31],"Korea,":[32],"and":[33,45,53,83,92,97,114,126,132,146],"China,":[34,93],"where":[35],"we":[36],"assessed":[37],"three":[38],"model":[39,113,119,134],"updating":[40,120],"strategies:":[41],"recalibration,":[42],"incremental":[43],"training,":[44],"retraining.":[46],"While":[47],"maintaining":[48],"robust":[49],"performance":[50,72,102],"US":[52],"Austrian":[54],"cohorts":[55],"(AUROC":[56],"0.804-0.864),":[57],"significant":[58],"drops":[59],"occurred":[60],"Asian":[62,88],"sites":[63,89],"(South":[64,90],"Korea:":[65],"0.753;":[66],"China:":[67],"0.698).":[68],"Incremental":[69],"training":[70],"enhanced":[71],"most":[74],"centers,":[75],"while":[76],"retraining":[77],"significantly":[78],"improved":[79,100],"AUROC":[80],"by":[81],"0.066":[82],"0.076":[84],"two":[87],"Korea":[91],"respectively).":[94],"Isotonic":[95],"regression":[96],"Platt":[98],"scaling":[99],"calibration":[101],"globally.":[103],"This":[104],"study":[105],"demonstrates":[106],"varying":[108],"robustness":[109],"of":[110,118],"differential":[116],"effectiveness":[117],"strategies":[121],"temporal":[123],"shifts,":[124],"populations,":[125],"clinical":[127,139,147],"practice":[128],"environments.":[129],"Rigorous":[130],"validation":[131],"proactive":[133],"adaptation":[135],"are":[136],"essential":[137],"before":[138],"deployment":[140],"settings":[142],"with":[143],"heterogeneous":[144],"populations":[145],"practice.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T06:15:21.484131","created_date":"2026-04-10T00:00:00"}