{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416794562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-02114-y","title":"Unlocking the potential of real-time ICU mortality prediction: redefining risk assessment with continuous data recovery","display_name":"Unlocking the potential of real-time ICU mortality prediction: redefining risk assessment with continuous data recovery","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416794562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-02114-y","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41315868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-025-02114-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-02114-y","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-02114-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-02114-y.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021754409","display_name":"Puguang Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6380-7472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135470","display_name":"Chongqing Emergency Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03xhwyc44","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135470"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Puguang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Med Informatics Research Centre & Clinical Research Centre, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China","Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Med Informatics Research Centre & Clinical Research Centre, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763","https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135470","https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100523570","display_name":"Yu Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1746-0402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Med Informatics Research Centre & Clinical Research Centre, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Med Informatics Research Centre & Clinical Research Centre, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763","https://openalex.org/I151075929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074284592","display_name":"Jiao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6391-8343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101960608","display_name":"Yu Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8409-7222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135470","display_name":"Chongqing Emergency Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03xhwyc44","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135470"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. 81846846@qq.com","Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. 81846846@qq.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135470","https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039704967","display_name":"Jingjing Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5020-638X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingjing Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Med Informatics Research Centre & Clinical Research Centre, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. shine636363@sina.com","Bio-Med Informatics Research Centre & Clinical Research Centre, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Med Informatics Research Centre & Clinical Research Centre, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. shine636363@sina.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151075929","https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Med Informatics Research Centre & Clinical Research Centre, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763","https://openalex.org/I151075929"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021754409"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151075929","https://openalex.org/I158842170","https://openalex.org/I4210117763","https://openalex.org/I4210135470"],"apc_list":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"apc_paid":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"fwci":2.6327,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91661179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"733","last_page":"733"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9082000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9082000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.02669999934732914,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12011","display_name":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","score":0.00839999970048666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-unit","display_name":"Intensive care unit","score":0.6255999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data","display_name":"Missing data","score":0.6111999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.5656999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imputation","display_name":"Imputation (statistics)","score":0.5478000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care","display_name":"Intensive care","score":0.5246999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-of-mortality","display_name":"Risk of mortality","score":0.3359000086784363}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776376669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5094647","display_name":"Intensive care unit","level":2,"score":0.6255999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.6111999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.5656999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58041806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1660484","display_name":"Imputation (statistics)","level":3,"score":0.5478000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987404301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care","level":2,"score":0.5246999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.41920000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.41819998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.4097999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777984932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7336293","display_name":"Risk of mortality","level":2,"score":0.3359000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2980000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-025-02114-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-02114-y","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-02114-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41315868","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41315868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPJ digital medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fad6da05250e4dedac31dc9e49b2c4af","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fad6da05250e4dedac31dc9e49b2c4af","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11469268","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12663134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-025-02114-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-02114-y","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-02114-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6807053932","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62076247","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8518302711","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61701506","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330084","display_name":"Research and Innovation Foundation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416794562.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007553222","https://openalex.org/W2022593462","https://openalex.org/W2090565550","https://openalex.org/W2230578626","https://openalex.org/W2255466643","https://openalex.org/W2891400669","https://openalex.org/W2892592994","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2937636883","https://openalex.org/W2945407176","https://openalex.org/W3011462663","https://openalex.org/W3011812967","https://openalex.org/W3025972328","https://openalex.org/W3048074762","https://openalex.org/W3154550454","https://openalex.org/W3162199380","https://openalex.org/W3164057767","https://openalex.org/W3199891202","https://openalex.org/W3202428668","https://openalex.org/W4224316420","https://openalex.org/W4226211505","https://openalex.org/W4229025171","https://openalex.org/W4313439128","https://openalex.org/W4319034487","https://openalex.org/W4360884927","https://openalex.org/W4361285915","https://openalex.org/W4365443634","https://openalex.org/W4404284819","https://openalex.org/W4406002687","https://openalex.org/W4407555299","https://openalex.org/W4407768055"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Real-time":[0],"prediction":[1,135],"of":[2,35,102,131],"short-term":[3],"mortality":[4,40,134],"risk":[5,41,145],"in":[6,52,112,119],"the":[7,32,53,71,129],"intensive":[8],"care":[9],"unit":[10],"(ICU)":[11],"is":[12],"often":[13],"hampered":[14],"by":[15,136],"missing":[16,36,139],"medical":[17],"data.":[18],"To":[19],"address":[20],"this,":[21],"we":[22],"developed":[23],"RealMIP,":[24],"an":[25],"end-to-end":[26],"framework":[27],"leveraging":[28],"generative":[29],"model":[30,44],"for":[31,75],"dynamic":[33],"imputation":[34],"values":[37],"and":[38,59,80,114,141],"continuous":[39],"assessment.":[42],"The":[43],"was":[45,68,89],"trained":[46],"on":[47,62],"data":[48,140],"from":[49],"188":[50],"centers":[51],"eICU":[54],"Collaborative":[55],"Research":[56],"Database":[57,84],"(eICU-CRD),":[58],"internally":[60],"validated":[61],"20":[63],"held-out":[64],"centers.":[65],"External":[66],"validation":[67],"performed":[69],"using":[70],"Medical":[72],"Information":[73],"Mart":[74],"Intensive":[76,82],"Care":[77,83],"IV":[78],"(MIMIC-IV)":[79],"Salzburg":[81],"(SICdb).":[85],"RealMIP's":[86],"predictive":[87,98],"performance":[88],"compared":[90],"with":[91,100],"nine":[92],"established":[93],"approaches.":[94],"RealMIP":[95,127],"achieved":[96],"robust":[97],"performance,":[99],"AUCs":[101],"0.957":[103],"(95%":[104,109,116],"CI,":[105,110,117],"0.956-0.957)":[106],"internally,":[107],"0.968":[108],"0.968-0.968)":[111],"MIMIC-IV,":[113],"0.932":[115],"0.932-0.933)":[118],"SICdb,":[120],"outperforming":[121],"comparator":[122],"models":[123],"(p":[124],"<":[125],"0.05).":[126],"unlocks":[128],"potential":[130],"real-time":[132],"ICU":[133],"effectively":[137],"handling":[138],"delivering":[142],"continuous,":[143],"interpretable":[144],"assessments.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-03T22:45:19.894376","created_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"}
