{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412366974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01864-z","title":"Optimizing AI solutions for population health in primary care","display_name":"Optimizing AI solutions for population health in primary care","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412366974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01864-z","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40652036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01864-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01864-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-01864-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"letter","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-01864-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088459011","display_name":"Sanjay Basu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0599-6332"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1295908608","display_name":"San Francisco General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05j8x4n38","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295908608"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101542","display_name":"Benchmark Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0185yec04","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101542"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sanjay Basu","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Francisco General Hospital/University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. sanjay.basu@waymarkcare.org","Waymark, San Francisco, CA, USA. sanjay.basu@waymarkcare.org","Waymark, San Francisco, CA, USA","San Francisco General Hospital/University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Francisco General Hospital/University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. sanjay.basu@waymarkcare.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295908608"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Waymark, San Francisco, CA, USA. sanjay.basu@waymarkcare.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Waymark, San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Francisco General Hospital/University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295908608"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118964796","display_name":"Pablo Bermudez-Canete","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111165","display_name":"Palo Alto Unified School District","ror":"https://ror.org/027thw408","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111165"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Bermudez-Canete","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paratus Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA","Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paratus Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tannen Christopher Hall","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111165","display_name":"Palo Alto Unified School District","ror":"https://ror.org/027thw408","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111165"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tannen Christopher Hall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paratus Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA","Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paratus Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113185610","display_name":"Pranav Rajpurkar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pranav Rajpurkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088459011"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295908608","https://openalex.org/I4210101542"],"apc_list":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"apc_paid":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"fwci":6.9137,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96723767,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"434","last_page":"434"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.8428000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.8428000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.755299985408783,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14393","display_name":"Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging","score":0.6938999891281128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care","display_name":"Primary care","score":0.6665338277816772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-health-care","display_name":"Primary health care","score":0.5457545518875122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary","display_name":"Primary (astronomy)","score":0.4920453727245331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-health","display_name":"Population health","score":0.47491487860679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4152686297893524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.356577068567276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32544559240341187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health","display_name":"Environmental health","score":0.26561790704727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-medicine","display_name":"Family medicine","score":0.26174941658973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07691159844398499}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.6665338277816772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163432668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623543","display_name":"Primary health care","level":3,"score":0.5457545518875122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777977315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7243056","display_name":"Primary (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4920453727245331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778149918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3291156","display_name":"Population health","level":3,"score":0.47491487860679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4152686297893524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.356577068567276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32544559240341187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.26561790704727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.26174941658973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07691159844398499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01864-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01864-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-01864-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40652036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40652036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPJ digital medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4acd18aa286546d698bcb21fb0a9e863","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4acd18aa286546d698bcb21fb0a9e863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-3 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11060788","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12255814","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01864-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01864-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-01864-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412366974.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412366974.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2103095245","https://openalex.org/W4402356418","https://openalex.org/W4403448444","https://openalex.org/W4403532980","https://openalex.org/W4405640894","https://openalex.org/W4409505362"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3134121871","https://openalex.org/W2032081050","https://openalex.org/W2769000533","https://openalex.org/W2186923872","https://openalex.org/W2503337236","https://openalex.org/W2141722690","https://openalex.org/W82267009","https://openalex.org/W1533329356","https://openalex.org/W2014066010","https://openalex.org/W4390367778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"intelligence":[1],"(AI)":[2],"has":[3],"primarily":[4],"enhanced":[5],"individual":[6],"primary":[7,55],"care":[8],"visits,":[9],"yet":[10],"its":[11],"potential":[12],"for":[13],"population":[14],"health":[15],"management":[16],"remains":[17],"untapped.":[18],"Effective":[19],"AI":[20,42],"should":[21],"integrate":[22],"longitudinal":[23],"patient":[24],"data,":[25],"automate":[26],"proactive":[27],"outreach,":[28],"and":[29,38,51,60],"mitigate":[30],"disparities":[31],"by":[32],"addressing":[33],"barriers":[34],"such":[35],"as":[36],"transportation":[37],"language.":[39],"Properly":[40],"deployed,":[41],"can":[43],"significantly":[44],"reduce":[45],"administrative":[46],"burden,":[47],"facilitate":[48],"early":[49],"intervention,":[50],"improve":[52],"equity":[53],"in":[54],"care,":[56],"necessitating":[57],"rigorous":[58],"evaluation":[59],"adaptive":[61],"design":[62],"to":[63],"realize":[64],"sustained":[65],"population-level":[66],"benefits.":[67]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
