{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410340931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01671-6","title":"Patient perceptions of empathy in physician and artificial intelligence chatbot responses to patient questions about cancer","display_name":"Patient perceptions of empathy in physician and artificial intelligence chatbot responses to patient questions about cancer","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410340931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01671-6","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40360673"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01671-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01671-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-01671-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-01671-6.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100675672","display_name":"David Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5531-9180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802654988","display_name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03zayce58","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada","Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108900926","display_name":"Kabir Chauhan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802654988","display_name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03zayce58","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kabir Chauhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075414597","display_name":"Rod Parsa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7205-8774"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rod Parsa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024148150","display_name":"Zhihui Amy Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1537-4868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125326","display_name":"Public Health Ontario","ror":"https://ror.org/025z8ah66","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125326"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802654988","display_name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03zayce58","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihui Amy Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125326","https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802654988","https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008075505","display_name":"Fei\u2010Fei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-6486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802654988","display_name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03zayce58","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei-Fei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002514103","display_name":"Ernie Mak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6431-7061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ernie Mak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062187635","display_name":"Lawson Eng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4816-8385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802654988","display_name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03zayce58","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawson Eng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041923648","display_name":"Breffni Hannon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-555X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Breffni Louise Hannon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032770101","display_name":"Jennifer Croke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7090-6313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802654988","display_name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03zayce58","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Croke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010067099","display_name":"Andrew Hope","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6793-2863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802654988","display_name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03zayce58","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Hope","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057698500","display_name":"Nazanin Fallah\u2010Rad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802654988","display_name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03zayce58","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazanin Fallah-Rad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016923887","display_name":"Phillip Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6360-849X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802654988","display_name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03zayce58","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802654988"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022511452","display_name":"Srinivas Raman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-9628"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srinivas Raman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Srinivas.Raman@bccancer.bc.ca","Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada. Srinivas.Raman@bccancer.bc.ca"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Srinivas.Raman@bccancer.bc.ca","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada. Srinivas.Raman@bccancer.bc.ca","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100675672"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I2802654988"],"apc_list":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"apc_paid":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"fwci":27.2198,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99781226,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"275","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11999","display_name":"Empathy and Medical Education","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11999","display_name":"Empathy and Medical Education","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9768999814987183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatbot","display_name":"Chatbot","score":0.92556232213974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empathy","display_name":"Empathy","score":0.8740243911743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.546079158782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.48891058564186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.4515756666660309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.37670645117759705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.25832492113113403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.21292883157730103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.20615190267562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.12012726068496704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779041454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870780","display_name":"Chatbot","level":2,"score":0.92556232213974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182263","display_name":"Empathy","level":2,"score":0.8740243911743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.546079158782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.48891058564186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.4515756666660309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.37670645117759705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.25832492113113403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.21292883157730103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.20615190267562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.12012726068496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01671-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01671-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-01671-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40360673","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40360673","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPJ digital medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5c28ce34426141fe88131ce6112cb232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5c28ce34426141fe88131ce6112cb232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-5 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12075825","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12075825","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"NPJ Digit Med","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01671-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01671-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-01671-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410340931.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410340931.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965401478","https://openalex.org/W2091732569","https://openalex.org/W2605133118","https://openalex.org/W2897690397","https://openalex.org/W3001279689","https://openalex.org/W3009428740","https://openalex.org/W3034723486","https://openalex.org/W3157202711","https://openalex.org/W4210529175","https://openalex.org/W4221143046","https://openalex.org/W4286889726","https://openalex.org/W4317888439","https://openalex.org/W4319451583","https://openalex.org/W4320718794","https://openalex.org/W4366559955","https://openalex.org/W4367310920","https://openalex.org/W4384071683","https://openalex.org/W4384561707","https://openalex.org/W4386593367","https://openalex.org/W4386867830","https://openalex.org/W4392222146","https://openalex.org/W4396977150","https://openalex.org/W4403681525","https://openalex.org/W4404969526","https://openalex.org/W4406282536","https://openalex.org/W4407680987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4383501580","https://openalex.org/W4214931137","https://openalex.org/W4313813117","https://openalex.org/W4382052417","https://openalex.org/W3192088754","https://openalex.org/W4387007686","https://openalex.org/W3084631705","https://openalex.org/W3176146353"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"intelligence":[1],"chatbots":[2],"can":[3],"draft":[4],"empathetic":[5,30,64],"responses":[6,27,66],"to":[7,49,53,67],"cancer":[8,24],"questions,":[9],"but":[10],"how":[11],"patients":[12],"perceive":[13],"chatbot":[14,26],"empathy":[15,42],"remains":[16],"unclear.":[17],"Here,":[18],"we":[19],"found":[20],"that":[21],"people":[22],"with":[23],"rated":[25],"as":[28],"more":[29],"than":[31],"physician":[32,39],"responses.":[33],"However,":[34],"differences":[35],"between":[36],"patient":[37,56,68],"and":[38],"perceptions":[40],"of":[41],"highlight":[43],"the":[44],"need":[45],"for":[46],"further":[47],"research":[48],"tailor":[50],"clinical":[51],"messaging":[52],"better":[54],"meet":[55],"needs.":[57],"Chatbots":[58],"may":[59],"be":[60],"effective":[61],"in":[62],"generating":[63],"template":[65],"questions":[69],"under":[70],"clinician":[71],"oversight.":[72]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T13:39:58.223016","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
