{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319080312","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00759-1","title":"Towards precision medicine based on a continuous deep learning optimization and ensemble approach","display_name":"Towards precision medicine based on a continuous deep learning optimization and ensemble approach","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319080312","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00759-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36737644"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-023-00759-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00759-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-023-00759-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-023-00759-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101676669","display_name":"Jian Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9392-9449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165911609","display_name":"Changsha Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dt7z971","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165911609"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China. 707779628@qq.com","Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9392-9449","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China. 707779628@qq.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165911609","https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050615143","display_name":"Linyuan Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-2919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linyuan Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014870888","display_name":"Zhiyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6867-2386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115624","display_name":"Hunan Cancer Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/025020z88","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115624"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. wangzhiyuan@hnca.org.cn","Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6867-2386","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. wangzhiyuan@hnca.org.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115624","https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086993924","display_name":"Qinghai Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5726-3202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinghai Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. pqh12079@aliyun.com","Department of Ultrasound, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5726-3202","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. pqh12079@aliyun.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856","https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856","https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005585340","display_name":"Yueai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1624-9276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104845","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01ffek432","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104845"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China. 497375291@qq.com","Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1624-9276","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China. 497375291@qq.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104845"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100731031","display_name":"Jia Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-7586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104845","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01ffek432","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104845"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100746634","display_name":"Jiawei Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6628-3056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856","https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035344575","display_name":"Yingying Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingying Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101945922","display_name":"Yanfen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6656-9978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanfen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100402983","display_name":"Min Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1938-2902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014744698","display_name":"Yuewen Qiu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuewen Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101406449","display_name":"Qiang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7793-4835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101575037","display_name":"Liyun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7933-7284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100694192","display_name":"Xiaoyu Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0446-2010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyu Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100615698","display_name":"Xiaohui Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0788-8164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohui Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358442","display_name":"Qiong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8627-4066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100718921","display_name":"Shu Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1506-8924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034260469","display_name":"Si Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-1782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Si Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100612888","display_name":"Dan Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4761-4782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016177381","display_name":"Xingxing Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5267-7857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103530","display_name":"Changsha Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0132wmv23","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingxing Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108151441","display_name":"Yi Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1667-5187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141032","display_name":"Liuyang City Maternal and Child Health Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/043a43z64","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141032"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, The People's Hospital of Liuyang, Liuyang, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, The People's Hospital of Liuyang, Liuyang, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141032"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100671724","display_name":"Xiaomeng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8421-1613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097726","display_name":"Huaian First People\u2019s Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00xpfw690","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097726"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaomeng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, Huaihua First People's Hospital, Huaihua, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, Huaihua First People's Hospital, Huaihua, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110437784","display_name":"Chi\u2010Ling Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150719","display_name":"eBay (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05cnabr44","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chiling Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBay Inc., San Jose, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay Inc., San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100708468","display_name":"Hongxin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4951-9770"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongxin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou Yirui Zhiying Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou Yirui Zhiying Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028904438","display_name":"Jingchao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1848-320X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingchao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou Yirui Zhiying Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou Yirui Zhiying Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034713847","display_name":"Jieke Liao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jieke Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou Yirui Zhiying Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou Yirui Zhiying Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":26,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101676669"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I165911609","https://openalex.org/I4210103530","https://openalex.org/I91935597"],"apc_list":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"apc_paid":{"value":3060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3060},"fwci":2.2153,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89831972,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"18","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cls-upper-limits","display_name":"CLs upper limits","score":0.779079794883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-diagnosis","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","score":0.7695213556289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6339643597602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6218051314353943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5826647281646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-imaging","display_name":"Breast imaging","score":0.5263354182243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.48274630308151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.46155428886413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.4301875829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.36882340908050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.32974931597709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.2889939546585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"Breast cancer","score":0.16179239749908447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mammography","display_name":"Mammography","score":0.1438261866569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.08575811982154846}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190729725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5012817","display_name":"CLs upper limits","level":2,"score":0.779079794883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.7695213556289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6339643597602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6218051314353943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5826647281646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777432617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22905905","display_name":"Breast imaging","level":5,"score":0.5263354182243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48274630308151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.46155428886413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.4301875829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.36882340908050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.32974931597709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.2889939546585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.16179239749908447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324634","display_name":"Mammography","level":4,"score":0.1438261866569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.08575811982154846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-023-00759-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00759-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-023-00759-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36737644","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36737644","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPJ digital medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9898519","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9898519","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9898519/pdf/41746_2023_Article_759.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"NPJ Digit Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:157b3084ac484c75ad379f764db64001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/157b3084ac484c75ad379f764db64001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41746-023-00759-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00759-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-023-00759-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195431","display_name":"npj Digital Medicine","issn_l":"2398-6352","issn":["2398-6352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Digital Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319080312.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1682403713","https://openalex.org/W2047057213","https://openalex.org/W2128698905","https://openalex.org/W2788388592","https://openalex.org/W2892942467","https://openalex.org/W2906295032","https://openalex.org/W2922358453","https://openalex.org/W2924148359","https://openalex.org/W2924306747","https://openalex.org/W2939142770","https://openalex.org/W2947123069","https://openalex.org/W2963899699","https://openalex.org/W2969628488","https://openalex.org/W2970921286","https://openalex.org/W2972198316","https://openalex.org/W2975366483","https://openalex.org/W2976398475","https://openalex.org/W2995542597","https://openalex.org/W3022584139","https://openalex.org/W3031989616","https://openalex.org/W3048941751","https://openalex.org/W3080515170","https://openalex.org/W3094249640","https://openalex.org/W3113209557","https://openalex.org/W3137245688","https://openalex.org/W3159068118","https://openalex.org/W3164413454","https://openalex.org/W3177044444","https://openalex.org/W3185043567","https://openalex.org/W3193549799","https://openalex.org/W3201701662","https://openalex.org/W3202253200","https://openalex.org/W3211620174","https://openalex.org/W4200594220","https://openalex.org/W4205476194","https://openalex.org/W4221067291","https://openalex.org/W4221114205","https://openalex.org/W4225746601","https://openalex.org/W4226178750","https://openalex.org/W4226329034","https://openalex.org/W4229447538","https://openalex.org/W4242712105","https://openalex.org/W4286491165"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899665936","https://openalex.org/W2297670824","https://openalex.org/W2851521638","https://openalex.org/W2153707449","https://openalex.org/W2138049055","https://openalex.org/W2362907539","https://openalex.org/W1984573923","https://openalex.org/W2338395013","https://openalex.org/W2068590517","https://openalex.org/W4295357775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,33,64],"developed":[1,106],"a":[2,18],"continuous":[3],"learning":[4,10],"system":[5],"(CLS)":[6],"based":[7],"on":[8],"deep":[9],"and":[11,13,16,38,57,62,84,89],"optimization":[12],"ensemble":[14],"approach,":[15],"conducted":[17],"retrospective":[19],"data":[20],"simulated":[21],"prospective":[22],"study":[23],"using":[24],"ultrasound":[25],"images":[26,40],"of":[27,69,123,139],"breast":[28,36,111],"masses":[29,37,124],"for":[30],"precise":[31],"diagnoses.":[32],"extracted":[34],"629":[35],"2235":[39],"from":[41,72],"561":[42],"cases":[43,71],"in":[44,51,125,134,142],"the":[45,49,90,120,137],"institution":[46],"to":[47,54,119],"train":[48],"model":[50],"six":[52],"stages":[53],"diagnose":[55,110],"benign":[56],"malignant":[58],"tumors,":[59],"pathological":[60],"types,":[61],"diseases.":[63],"randomly":[65],"selected":[66],"180":[67],"out":[68],"3098":[70],"two":[73],"external":[74],"institutions.":[75],"The":[76,101],"CLS":[77],"was":[78],"tested":[79],"with":[80,86],"seven":[81],"independent":[82],"datasets":[83],"compared":[85],"21":[87],"physicians,":[88],"system's":[91],"diagnostic":[92],"ability":[93],"exceeded":[94],"20":[95],"physicians":[96],"by":[97],"training":[98],"stage":[99],"six.":[100],"optimal":[102],"integrated":[103],"method":[104,114],"we":[105],"is":[107],"expected":[108],"accurately":[109],"masses.":[112],"This":[113],"can":[115],"also":[116],"be":[117],"extended":[118],"intelligent":[121],"diagnosis":[122,141],"other":[126],"organs.":[127],"Overall,":[128],"our":[129],"findings":[130],"have":[131],"potential":[132],"value":[133],"further":[135],"promoting":[136],"application":[138],"AI":[140],"precision":[143],"medicine.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-01-24T23:23:39.755997","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
