{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405031167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08252-9","title":"Probabilistic weather forecasting with machine learning","display_name":"Probabilistic weather forecasting with machine learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405031167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08252-9","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39633054"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08252-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08252-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08252-9","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109669169","display_name":"Ilan Price","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4765-2703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ilan Price","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK. pricei@google.com","Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4765-2703","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK. pricei@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089078828","display_name":"\u00c1lvaro S\u00e1nchez\u2010Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-5790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alvaro Sanchez-Gonzalez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044201500","display_name":"Ferran Alet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3059-0062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferran Alet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041436747","display_name":"Tom R. Andersson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1556-9932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom R. Andersson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1556-9932","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113091609","display_name":"Andrew El-Kadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6510-0831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew El-Kadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6510-0831","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058644710","display_name":"Dominic Masters","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dominic Masters","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6945-8325","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027028182","display_name":"Timo Ewalds","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9693-7986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timo Ewalds","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9693-7986","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068578177","display_name":"Jacklynn Stott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7859-3384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacklynn Stott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7859-3384","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084530286","display_name":"Shakir Mohamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1184-5776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shakir Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059792149","display_name":"Peter Battaglia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3622-7111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Battaglia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK. peterbattaglia@google.com","Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3622-7111","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK. peterbattaglia@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026796871","display_name":"R\u00e9mi Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-5358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Remi Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK. remilam@google.com","Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-5358","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK. remilam@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011651740","display_name":"Matthew Willson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8730-1927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090411","display_name":"Google DeepMind (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00971b260","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Willson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google DeepMind, London, UK. matthjw@google.com","Google DeepMind, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8730-1927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK. matthjw@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google DeepMind, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210090411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109669169"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090411","https://openalex.org/I4210113297"],"apc_list":{"value":9750,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":11690},"apc_paid":{"value":9750,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":11690},"fwci":95.7253,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":271,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99992204,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"637","issue":"8044","first_page":"84","last_page":"90"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11483","display_name":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-weather-prediction","display_name":"Numerical weather prediction","score":0.8633390069007874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-american-mesoscale-model","display_name":"North American Mesoscale Model","score":0.7215667963027954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.6952661275863647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weather-forecasting","display_name":"Weather forecasting","score":0.6761846542358398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-cyclone-forecast-model","display_name":"Tropical cyclone forecast model","score":0.6732978224754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weather-prediction","display_name":"Weather prediction","score":0.6383444666862488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-output-statistics","display_name":"Model output statistics","score":0.6345506310462952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-forecast-system","display_name":"Global Forecast System","score":0.6173431873321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5333492755889893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5115519165992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.47401031851768494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-forecasting","display_name":"Probabilistic forecasting","score":0.47120994329452515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4673953950405121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.45473581552505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19707611203193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.17600798606872559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09800657629966736}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147947694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837552","display_name":"Numerical weather prediction","level":2,"score":0.8633390069007874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197661373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7053811","display_name":"North American Mesoscale Model","level":4,"score":0.7215667963027954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.6952661275863647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21001229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182868","display_name":"Weather forecasting","level":2,"score":0.6761846542358398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102561126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164865","display_name":"Tropical cyclone forecast model","level":3,"score":0.6732978224754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987469573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182868","display_name":"Weather prediction","level":2,"score":0.6383444666862488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37505551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1453537","display_name":"Model output statistics","level":3,"score":0.6345506310462952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163109420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287011","display_name":"Global Forecast System","level":3,"score":0.6173431873321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5333492755889893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5115519165992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.47401031851768494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122282355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246855","display_name":"Probabilistic forecasting","level":3,"score":0.47120994329452515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4673953950405121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.45473581552505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19707611203193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17600798606872559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09800657629966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005544","descriptor_name":"Forecasting","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005544","descriptor_name":"Forecasting","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013269","descriptor_name":"Stochastic Processes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013269","descriptor_name":"Stochastic Processes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014887","descriptor_name":"Weather","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014887","descriptor_name":"Weather","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08252-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08252-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39633054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39633054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11666454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11666454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nat:nature:v:637:y:2025:i:8044:d:10.1038_s41586-024-08252-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08252-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08252-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08252-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550593921","https://openalex.org/W1596195796","https://openalex.org/W1645858368","https://openalex.org/W1789155650","https://openalex.org/W1965068681","https://openalex.org/W1984645250","https://openalex.org/W2011301426","https://openalex.org/W2025720061","https://openalex.org/W2052070544","https://openalex.org/W2068146025","https://openalex.org/W2068732663","https://openalex.org/W2076396344","https://openalex.org/W2090675528","https://openalex.org/W2132634326","https://openalex.org/W2137387582","https://openalex.org/W2298271328","https://openalex.org/W2525195004","https://openalex.org/W2563906671","https://openalex.org/W2625061466","https://openalex.org/W2790521266","https://openalex.org/W2911892655","https://openalex.org/W2990291571","https://openalex.org/W2998897159","https://openalex.org/W3024583013","https://openalex.org/W3025949386","https://openalex.org/W3027703141","https://openalex.org/W3041594088","https://openalex.org/W3098721375","https://openalex.org/W3110257065","https://openalex.org/W3124511875","https://openalex.org/W4225906496","https://openalex.org/W4234436290","https://openalex.org/W4298872162","https://openalex.org/W4308167501","https://openalex.org/W4318311500","https://openalex.org/W4322211038","https://openalex.org/W4360884927","https://openalex.org/W4362706666","https://openalex.org/W4382048606","https://openalex.org/W4383218913","https://openalex.org/W4386346187","https://openalex.org/W4387806972","https://openalex.org/W4388654737","https://openalex.org/W4388728292","https://openalex.org/W4389161873","https://openalex.org/W4389500830","https://openalex.org/W4393319450","https://openalex.org/W4399779937","https://openalex.org/W4400880443","https://openalex.org/W6667402507","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6778150030","https://openalex.org/W6790220310","https://openalex.org/W6963815019"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308505112","https://openalex.org/W2321020009","https://openalex.org/W4385749727","https://openalex.org/W2055976450","https://openalex.org/W2782543925","https://openalex.org/W2060583485","https://openalex.org/W2953762630","https://openalex.org/W2921756899","https://openalex.org/W4385699815","https://openalex.org/W642712195"],"abstract_inverted_index":{".":[0],"GenCast":[1,14],"is":[2],"an":[3,16],"ML":[4],"weather":[5,75],"prediction":[6],"method,":[7],"trained":[8],"on":[9,47],"decades":[10],"of":[11,18,49],"reanalysis":[12],"data.":[13],"generates":[15],"ensemble":[17],"stochastic":[19],"15-day":[20],"global":[21],"forecasts,":[22],"at":[23],"12-h":[24],"steps":[25],"and":[26,35,54,62,86],"0.25\u00b0":[27],"latitude-longitude":[28],"resolution,":[29],"for":[30],"more":[31,84],"than":[32,45],"80":[33],"surface":[34],"atmospheric":[36],"variables,":[37],"in":[38,73,77],"8":[39],"min.":[40],"It":[41],"has":[42],"greater":[43],"skill":[44],"ENS":[46],"97.2%":[48],"1,320":[50],"targets":[51],"we":[52],"evaluated":[53],"better":[55],"predicts":[56],"extreme":[57],"weather,":[58],"tropical":[59],"cyclone":[60],"tracks":[61],"wind":[63],"power":[64],"production.":[65],"This":[66],"work":[67],"helps":[68],"open":[69],"the":[70],"next":[71],"chapter":[72],"operational":[74],"forecasting,":[76],"which":[78],"crucial":[79],"weather-dependent":[80],"decisions":[81],"are":[82],"made":[83],"accurately":[85],"efficiently.":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":85},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":183},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
