{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145928944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13460","title":"Contextuality supplies the \u2018magic\u2019 for quantum computation","display_name":"Contextuality supplies the \u2018magic\u2019 for quantum computation","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145928944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13460","mag":"2145928944","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24919152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/nature13460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1401.4174","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026349334","display_name":"Mark Howard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6910-185X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157286207","display_name":"National University of Ireland, Maynooth","ror":"https://ror.org/048nfjm95","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157286207"]}],"countries":["CA","IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark Howard","raw_affiliation_strings":["1] Department of Mathematical Physics, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland [2] Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada","Department of Mathematical Physics, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland","Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1] Department of Mathematical Physics, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland [2] Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Physics, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157286207"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042000615","display_name":"Joel J. Wallman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6943-5334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel Wallman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada","Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077406767","display_name":"Victor Veitch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Veitch","raw_affiliation_strings":["1] Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada [2] Department of Statistics, University of Toronto, 100 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada","Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada,","Department of Statistics, University of Toronto, 100 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1] Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada [2] Department of Statistics, University of Toronto, 100 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics, University of Toronto, 100 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112868557","display_name":"Joseph Emerson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Emerson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada","Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026349334"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483","https://openalex.org/I157286207"],"apc_list":{"value":9750,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":11690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":57.0849,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":611,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99909568,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"510","issue":"7505","first_page":"351","last_page":"355"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kochen\u2013specker-theorem","display_name":"Kochen\u2013Specker theorem","score":0.8447651863098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.661665678024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6226961612701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.49163538217544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.4672415554523468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-network","display_name":"Quantum network","score":0.46287161111831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-physics","display_name":"Theoretical physics","score":0.4560132622718811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4552049934864044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magic","display_name":"MAGIC (telescope)","score":0.44321632385253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-information","display_name":"Quantum information","score":0.4250681698322296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-quantum-system","display_name":"Open quantum system","score":0.4138329029083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.29016757011413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2605724334716797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193588502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528955","display_name":"Kochen\u2013Specker theorem","level":3,"score":0.8447651863098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.661665678024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6226961612701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.49163538217544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.4672415554523468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186468114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478","display_name":"Quantum network","level":4,"score":0.46287161111831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.4560132622718811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4552049934864044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777704519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45732","display_name":"MAGIC (telescope)","level":2,"score":0.44321632385253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.4250681698322296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190474826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2495111","display_name":"Open quantum system","level":3,"score":0.4138329029083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.29016757011413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2605724334716797}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/nature13460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24919152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24919152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1401.4174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.4174","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1401.4174","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1401.4174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.4174","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1401.4174","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2145928944.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24440755","https://openalex.org/W1770873769","https://openalex.org/W1966003503","https://openalex.org/W1966619759","https://openalex.org/W1969246646","https://openalex.org/W1980575345","https://openalex.org/W1991877988","https://openalex.org/W1995642696","https://openalex.org/W1998131310","https://openalex.org/W2000415061","https://openalex.org/W2000467687","https://openalex.org/W2011337281","https://openalex.org/W2014160297","https://openalex.org/W2015914132","https://openalex.org/W2016124611","https://openalex.org/W2020747741","https://openalex.org/W2029921497","https://openalex.org/W2030867075","https://openalex.org/W2032147770","https://openalex.org/W2036431303","https://openalex.org/W2036604884","https://openalex.org/W2037839509","https://openalex.org/W2038129354","https://openalex.org/W2039772562","https://openalex.org/W2039871263","https://openalex.org/W2040792108","https://openalex.org/W2045702468","https://openalex.org/W2046112356","https://openalex.org/W2048118641","https://openalex.org/W2052146120","https://openalex.org/W2055199227","https://openalex.org/W2065192689","https://openalex.org/W2065260707","https://openalex.org/W2071772725","https://openalex.org/W2074097809","https://openalex.org/W2079294297","https://openalex.org/W2086086067","https://openalex.org/W2088636071","https://openalex.org/W2090781531","https://openalex.org/W2135273380","https://openalex.org/W2148132004","https://openalex.org/W2168676717","https://openalex.org/W3100704244","https://openalex.org/W3100736866","https://openalex.org/W3101446354","https://openalex.org/W3103699324","https://openalex.org/W3105454500"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508104380","https://openalex.org/W1918454342","https://openalex.org/W393623484","https://openalex.org/W3104374963","https://openalex.org/W68925663","https://openalex.org/W2370473703","https://openalex.org/W2607172433","https://openalex.org/W2159382471","https://openalex.org/W4206123650","https://openalex.org/W2093136252"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":60},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":60},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T08:14:18.477133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
