{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4360994067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022sw003330","title":"The Thermosphere Is a Drag: The 2022 Starlink Incident and the Threat of Geomagnetic Storms to Low Earth Orbit Space Operations","display_name":"The Thermosphere Is a Drag: The 2022 Starlink Incident and the Threat of Geomagnetic Storms to Low Earth Orbit Space Operations","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4360994067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022sw003330"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1029/2022sw003330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022sw003330","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2022SW003330","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166492742","display_name":"Space Weather","issn_l":"1542-7390","issn":["1542-7390"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315809","host_organization_name":"American Geophysical Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315809"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Geophysical Union"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Space Weather","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2022SW003330","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057582273","display_name":"Thomas Berger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4989-475X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114008","display_name":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/01fcjzv38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T. E. Berger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4989-475X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029295148","display_name":"Marie Dominique","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1196-4046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799502024","display_name":"Royal Observatory of Belgium","ror":"https://ror.org/00hjks330","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799502024"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Dominique","raw_affiliation_strings":["Solar\u2010Terrestrial Centre of Excellence Royal Observatory of Belgium  Uccle Belgium","Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Uccle, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1196-4046","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solar\u2010Terrestrial Centre of Excellence Royal Observatory of Belgium  Uccle Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799502024"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Uccle, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799502024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037394360","display_name":"Greg Lucas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1331-1863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114008","display_name":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/01fcjzv38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Lucas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1331-1863","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055303104","display_name":"Marcin Pilinski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1509-3268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114008","display_name":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/01fcjzv38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Pilinski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051116067","display_name":"Vishal Ray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1706-7730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298453700","display_name":"Space Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/046a9q865","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298453700"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114008","display_name":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/01fcjzv38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143820","display_name":"Atmospheric and Space Technology Research Associates (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04jzxg282","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Ray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Now at Kayhan Space  Boulder CO USA","Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","Now at Kayhan Space, Boulder, CO, USA","Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1706-7730","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I4210143820"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Now at Kayhan Space  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298453700","https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Now at Kayhan Space, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086575709","display_name":"Robert Sewell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114008","display_name":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/01fcjzv38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Sewell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2492","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065445745","display_name":"E. K. Sutton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1424-7189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114008","display_name":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/01fcjzv38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. K. Sutton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1424-7189","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083902361","display_name":"J. P. Thayer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-8251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114008","display_name":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/01fcjzv38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. P. Thayer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-8251","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC) University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Weather Technology Research and Education Center (SWx TREC), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062752525","display_name":"E. Thiemann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5305-9466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114008","display_name":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/01fcjzv38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Thiemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5305-9466","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado at Boulder  Boulder CO USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057582273"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114008"],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"fwci":9.4009,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98880436,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10251","display_name":"Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermosphere","display_name":"Thermosphere","score":0.7923263311386108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-weather","display_name":"Space weather","score":0.6725125312805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomagnetic-storm","display_name":"Geomagnetic storm","score":0.6596852540969849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earths-magnetic-field","display_name":"Earth's magnetic field","score":0.5714417695999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5708916783332825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.526370108127594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.5120018124580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/storm","display_name":"Storm","score":0.5024230480194092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.4835202693939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.42627519369125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.27797365188598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.22579246759414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.10868602991104126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131980223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178043","display_name":"Thermosphere","level":3,"score":0.7923263311386108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151325931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584093","display_name":"Space weather","level":2,"score":0.6725125312805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170641098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130011","display_name":"Geomagnetic storm","level":4,"score":0.6596852540969849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199635899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6500960","display_name":"Earth's magnetic field","level":3,"score":0.5714417695999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5708916783332825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.526370108127594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5120018124580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105306849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81054","display_name":"Storm","level":2,"score":0.5024230480194092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4835202693939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.42627519369125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.27797365188598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.22579246759414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.10868602991104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1029/2022sw003330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022sw003330","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2022SW003330","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166492742","display_name":"Space Weather","issn_l":"1542-7390","issn":["1542-7390"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315809","host_organization_name":"American Geophysical Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315809"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Geophysical Union"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Space Weather","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cuscholar:2b88qd97w","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.colorado.edu/concern/articles/2b88qd97w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401957","display_name":"CU Scholar (University of Colorado Boulder)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","host_organization_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:abd45591a2b64488b20f80d47df55211","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/abd45591a2b64488b20f80d47df55211","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Space Weather, Vol 21, Iss 3, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1029/2022sw003330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022sw003330","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2022SW003330","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166492742","display_name":"Space Weather","issn_l":"1542-7390","issn":["1542-7390"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315809","host_organization_name":"American Geophysical Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315809"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Geophysical Union"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Space Weather","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3023512609","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NSSC21K0028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3644819464","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4000134474","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321454","funder_display_name":"Belgian Federal Science Policy Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5108708421","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4000134474","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","funder_display_name":"European Space Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5217228088","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80GSFC22CA012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338038","funder_display_name":"Heliophysics Division"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7472106465","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NSSC21K1554","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8181637086","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80GSFC22CA012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8310947440","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NSSC21K0028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338038","funder_display_name":"Heliophysics Division"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8901941150","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NSSC21K1554","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338038","funder_display_name":"Heliophysics Division"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321454","display_name":"Belgian Federal Science Policy Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01fapfv42"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322037","display_name":"Nuclear Safety and Security Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/05qk3ge34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326458","display_name":"Office F\u00e9d\u00e9ral de l'Education et de la Science","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332377","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332538","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338038","display_name":"Heliophysics Division","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4360994067.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W176408713","https://openalex.org/W1592226826","https://openalex.org/W1967594029","https://openalex.org/W1976995590","https://openalex.org/W1996027831","https://openalex.org/W2026415920","https://openalex.org/W2045094101","https://openalex.org/W2104471278","https://openalex.org/W2124715982","https://openalex.org/W2137428771","https://openalex.org/W2150200096","https://openalex.org/W2329533067","https://openalex.org/W2469078731","https://openalex.org/W2528207832","https://openalex.org/W2743455911","https://openalex.org/W2752431441","https://openalex.org/W2790134841","https://openalex.org/W2905961608","https://openalex.org/W2942403577","https://openalex.org/W3006040591","https://openalex.org/W3010820712","https://openalex.org/W3024035452","https://openalex.org/W3081417196","https://openalex.org/W3087471357","https://openalex.org/W3117280278","https://openalex.org/W3135113780","https://openalex.org/W3135313532","https://openalex.org/W3163350164","https://openalex.org/W3164087718","https://openalex.org/W3207850753","https://openalex.org/W4214879257","https://openalex.org/W4220668007","https://openalex.org/W4220706158","https://openalex.org/W4290068817","https://openalex.org/W4296042710","https://openalex.org/W4304208793","https://openalex.org/W4307922441","https://openalex.org/W4309642852"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985215167","https://openalex.org/W2051672287","https://openalex.org/W2805025249","https://openalex.org/W2031570768","https://openalex.org/W4390539584","https://openalex.org/W2949816948","https://openalex.org/W4394748767","https://openalex.org/W3005278924","https://openalex.org/W2176508217","https://openalex.org/W2144451755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"On":[1],"03":[2],"February":[3,20],"2022,":[4],"SpaceX":[5],"launched":[6],"49":[7],"Starlink":[8],"satellites,":[9],"38":[10],"of":[11,94,125,136,146,173,188,207],"which":[12],"re\u2010entered":[13],"the":[14,63,68,88,134,147,155,171,186,208],"atmosphere":[15],"on":[16,82,133,170,185],"or":[17],"about":[18],"07":[19],"2022":[21],"due":[22,70],"to":[23,48,62,67,71,76,113,154,182,223,234],"unexpectedly":[24],"high":[25],"atmospheric":[26],"drag.":[27],"We":[28,86,199],"use":[29],"empirical":[30],"model":[31,87,157],"(NRLMSIS,":[32],"JB08,":[33],"and":[34,44,91,108,149,162,210,229],"HASDM)":[35],"outputs":[36],"as":[37,39,213,215],"well":[38,214],"solar":[40,77],"extreme":[41,109,117,143,163],"ultraviolet":[42],"occultation":[43],"high\u2010fidelity":[45],"accelerometer":[46],"data":[47,203,222],"show":[49,114],"that":[50,115,167,201],"thermospheric":[51],"density":[52],"was":[53],"at":[54,58,102,121,178,193],"least":[55,122],"20%\u201330%":[56],"higher":[57,127],"210":[59],"km":[60,104,138,175,190,195],"relative":[61,153],"9":[64],"days":[65],"prior":[66],"launch":[69,224],"consecutive":[72],"geomagnetic":[73,111,164,197,242],"storms":[74,112,165],"related":[75],"eruptions":[78],"from":[79],"NOAA":[80],"AR12936":[81],"29":[83],"January":[84],"2022.":[85],"orbital":[89],"altitude":[90],"in\u2010track":[92,131,168],"position":[93],"a":[95,99,123,140],"Starlink\u2010like":[96],"satellite":[97,218,230],"in":[98],"low\u2010drag":[100],"configuration":[101],"200":[103],"during":[105,158,196,240],"minor":[106,161],"(G1)":[107],"(G5)":[110],"an":[116],"storm":[118],"would":[119],"have":[120],"factor":[124],"two":[126],"impact,":[128],"with":[129],"cumulative":[130,183],"errors":[132,169,184],"order":[135,172,187],"10,000":[137],"after":[139],"5\u2010day":[141],"duration":[142],"storm.":[144],"Comparison":[145],"JB08":[148],"NRL":[150],"MSIS":[151],"models":[152,206],"HASDM":[156],"modeled":[159],"historical":[160],"shows":[166],"100":[174],"per":[176,191],"day":[177,192],"250":[179],"km,":[180],"decreasing":[181],"1":[189],"550":[194],"storms.":[198,243],"conclude":[200],"full\u2010physics,":[202],"assimilative,":[204],"coupled":[205],"magnetosphere":[209],"upper":[211],"atmosphere,":[212],"new":[216],"operational":[217],"missions":[219],"providing":[220],"\u201cnowcasting\u201d":[221],"controllers,":[225],"space":[226],"traffic":[227],"coordinators,":[228],"operators,":[231],"are":[232],"needed":[233],"prevent":[235],"similar\u2014or":[236],"worse\u2014orbital":[237],"system":[238],"impacts":[239],"future":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T07:41:36.138363","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
