{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2161346064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000138","title":"Social Categorization, Moral Disengagement, and Credibility of Ideological Group Websites","display_name":"Social Categorization, Moral Disengagement, and Credibility of Ideological Group Websites","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2161346064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000138","mag":"2161346064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1027/1864-1105/a000138","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167406155","display_name":"Journal of Media Psychology Theories Methods and Applications","issn_l":"1864-1105","issn":["1864-1105","2151-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319871","host_organization_name":"Hogrefe Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319871"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hogrefe Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Media Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051355254","display_name":"Shane Connelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2686-6836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shane Connelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, \t\t\t\t\t\tNorman, OK, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, \t\t\t\t\t\tNorman, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010101454","display_name":"Norah E. Dunbar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3912-3169"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norah E. Dunbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076309953","display_name":"Matthew L. Jensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8711-1827"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew L. Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, \t\t\t\t\t\tNorman, OK, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, \t\t\t\t\t\tNorman, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017371720","display_name":"Jennifer A. Griffith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7835-2944"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49502546","display_name":"Alfred University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k81gt67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49502546"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Griffith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alfred University, Alfred, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alfred University, Alfred, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49502546"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102783824","display_name":"William D. Taylor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3313-6284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William D. Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, \t\t\t\t\t\tNorman, OK, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, \t\t\t\t\t\tNorman, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055958025","display_name":"Genevieve Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8882-5784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Genevieve Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, \t\t\t\t\t\tNorman, OK, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, \t\t\t\t\t\tNorman, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007431205","display_name":"Michael G. Hughes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2225-336X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140484","display_name":"Human Resources Research Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/03xey5e12","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140484"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Hughes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Human Resources Research Organization, \t\t\t\t\t\tAlexandria, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Resources Research Organization, \t\t\t\t\t\tAlexandria, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140484"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065975963","display_name":"Michael D. Mumford","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael D. Mumford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, \t\t\t\t\t\tNorman, OK, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, \t\t\t\t\t\tNorman, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051355254"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1478,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95925799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"1","first_page":"16","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credibility","display_name":"Credibility","score":0.895447850227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideology","display_name":"Ideology","score":0.7711127996444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.7131158113479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.6429893970489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.6025097966194153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-credibility","display_name":"Source credibility","score":0.49514642357826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disengagement-theory","display_name":"Disengagement theory","score":0.47181829810142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.45479539036750793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-identity-theory","display_name":"Social identity theory","score":0.45291823148727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.43352681398391724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normative","display_name":"Normative","score":0.4135948717594147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-disengagement","display_name":"Moral disengagement","score":0.41104137897491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-group","display_name":"Social group","score":0.37504905462265015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.15670937299728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.09786844253540039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.08514219522476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.08085882663726807}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.895447850227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.7711127996444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.7131158113479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6429893970489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6025097966194153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776620684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7565144","display_name":"Source credibility","level":3,"score":0.49514642357826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25740722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044915","display_name":"Disengagement theory","level":2,"score":0.47181829810142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.45479539036750793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98447023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540351","display_name":"Social identity theory","level":3,"score":0.45291823148727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.43352681398391724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.4135948717594147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57996006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6909105","display_name":"Moral disengagement","level":2,"score":0.41104137897491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180872759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874405","display_name":"Social group","level":2,"score":0.37504905462265015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15670937299728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.09786844253540039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.08514219522476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.08085882663726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1027/1864-1105/a000138","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167406155","display_name":"Journal of Media Psychology Theories Methods and Applications","issn_l":"1864-1105","issn":["1864-1105","2151-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319871","host_organization_name":"Hogrefe Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319871"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hogrefe Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Media Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W90970949","https://openalex.org/W106703717","https://openalex.org/W383343653","https://openalex.org/W628172195","https://openalex.org/W659170108","https://openalex.org/W1511001453","https://openalex.org/W1601272265","https://openalex.org/W1607345844","https://openalex.org/W1866452239","https://openalex.org/W1971617613","https://openalex.org/W1975217554","https://openalex.org/W1975368451","https://openalex.org/W1980943303","https://openalex.org/W1982149803","https://openalex.org/W1986657635","https://openalex.org/W1992262987","https://openalex.org/W2006202811","https://openalex.org/W2019833541","https://openalex.org/W2023184650","https://openalex.org/W2027415504","https://openalex.org/W2034148382","https://openalex.org/W2048684453","https://openalex.org/W2050997689","https://openalex.org/W2062212388","https://openalex.org/W2066677051","https://openalex.org/W2067421031","https://openalex.org/W2067766745","https://openalex.org/W2069294908","https://openalex.org/W2069448001","https://openalex.org/W2069635519","https://openalex.org/W2069884446","https://openalex.org/W2073503981","https://openalex.org/W2076452960","https://openalex.org/W2079175517","https://openalex.org/W2090280719","https://openalex.org/W2090680402","https://openalex.org/W2092327776","https://openalex.org/W2092985411","https://openalex.org/W2100400386","https://openalex.org/W2100799982","https://openalex.org/W2101171038","https://openalex.org/W2105717202","https://openalex.org/W2123597250","https://openalex.org/W2129671918","https://openalex.org/W2130405168","https://openalex.org/W2130412759","https://openalex.org/W2131631242","https://openalex.org/W2139502469","https://openalex.org/W2146267030","https://openalex.org/W2147329770","https://openalex.org/W2147416287","https://openalex.org/W2153403719","https://openalex.org/W2175873029","https://openalex.org/W2189052893","https://openalex.org/W2204506473","https://openalex.org/W2231037954","https://openalex.org/W2243303900","https://openalex.org/W2471613378","https://openalex.org/W2498150107","https://openalex.org/W2501011868","https://openalex.org/W2784287489","https://openalex.org/W2947343938","https://openalex.org/W3016040535","https://openalex.org/W4213263068","https://openalex.org/W4235338526","https://openalex.org/W4239321704","https://openalex.org/W4244762921","https://openalex.org/W4254994113","https://openalex.org/W4256017863","https://openalex.org/W4256659977","https://openalex.org/W6603658136","https://openalex.org/W6747675768"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2049360780","https://openalex.org/W1956180345","https://openalex.org/W4241759567","https://openalex.org/W2377345181","https://openalex.org/W2956047533","https://openalex.org/W4387099842","https://openalex.org/W3122166132","https://openalex.org/W1495797381","https://openalex.org/W3148930093","https://openalex.org/W2017326166"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract.":[0],"The":[1,62],"online":[2,60,246],"presence":[3],"of":[4,11,19,34,42,50,64,98,125,133,138,148,198,208,214,236,242],"ideological":[5,46,73,141,157,177],"groups":[6,30,47,178,188,237,244],"has":[7,57],"enabled":[8],"the":[9,96,219],"dissemination":[10],"group":[12,74,142],"beliefs":[13],"and":[14,37,71,79,90,93,135,152,158,171,218,238],"ideas":[15],"through":[16],"a":[17,26,40,145],"variety":[18],"new":[20],"media":[21],"outlets.":[22],"Websites":[23],"have":[24,48],"offered":[25],"way":[27],"for":[28,52,123,175,186,222,233],"these":[29,165],"to":[31,38,68,85,94,101,110,204],"share":[32],"aspects":[33,124],"their":[35,59],"ideology":[36],"create":[39],"sense":[41],"shared":[43],"identity.":[44],"While":[45],"been":[49],"interest":[51],"decades,":[53],"little":[54],"empirical":[55],"research":[56],"examined":[58,217],"presence.":[61],"aims":[63],"this":[65],"study":[66],"were":[67],"compare":[69],"nonviolent":[70,117,156,176],"violent":[72,187],"websites":[75,82,113,143,231],"with":[76,80,83],"each":[77],"other":[78],"nonideological":[81,120,159,190],"respect":[84],"social":[86,126,149],"categorization,":[87,127,150],"moral":[88,129,153],"disengagement,":[89,130],"website":[91,102,173,184,202,225],"credibility,":[92,134],"examine":[95],"relationships":[97],"psychological":[99,215],"processes":[100,216,229],"credibility.":[103,139],"A":[104],"content":[105,131,170],"analysis":[106,162],"approach":[107],"was":[108],"used":[109],"rate":[111],"105":[112],"(violent":[114],"=":[115,118,121],"32,":[116],"36;":[119],"37)":[122],"outgrouping,":[128,151],"features":[132,137],"structural":[136,172],"Violent":[140],"manifest":[144],"greater":[146],"degree":[147],"disengagement":[154],"than":[155],"websites.":[160],"Regression":[161],"shows":[163],"that":[164],"three":[166],"variables":[167],"negatively":[168],"predict":[169,183],"credibility":[174,185,241],"but":[179],"do":[180],"not":[181],"significantly":[182],"or":[189],"groups.":[191],"Potential":[192],"limitations":[193],"include":[194],"small":[195],"sample,":[196],"use":[197],"raters":[199],"(vs.":[200],"normative":[201],"visitors)":[203],"evaluate":[205],"websites,":[206,211],"inclusion":[207],"only":[209],"English-language":[210],"limited":[212],"number":[213],"potential":[220],"need":[221],"more":[223],"specific":[224],"categories.":[226],"Social":[227],"identity":[228],"on":[230],"vary":[232],"different":[234],"types":[235],"impact":[239],"perceived":[240],"such":[243],"in":[245],"environments.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}