{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1499865513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009672319869","title":"A Layer-by-Layer Least Squares based Recurrent Networks Training Algorithm: Stalling and Escape","display_name":"A Layer-by-Layer Least Squares based Recurrent Networks Training Algorithm: Stalling and Escape","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1499865513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009672319869","mag":"1499865513"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1009672319869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009672319869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140962798","display_name":"Neural Processing Letters","issn_l":"1370-4621","issn":["1370-4621","1573-773X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109225246","display_name":"Siu-Yeung Cho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siu-yeung Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong","Department of Electronic Engineering; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon; Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon; Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050716572","display_name":"Tommy W. S. Chow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7051-0434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommy W.S. Chow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong","Department of Electronic Engineering; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon; Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon; Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5499,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73260698,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"15","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maxima-and-minima","display_name":"Maxima and minima","score":0.6818810701370239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.6125289797782898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5812146663665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-intelligence","display_name":"Computational intelligence","score":0.5554696321487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.539888322353363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5296421051025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.5132646560668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-squares-function-approximation","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","score":0.4875561594963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.4856656789779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46290692687034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-linear-least-squares","display_name":"Non-linear least squares","score":0.42489802837371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.424031138420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-of-convergence","display_name":"Rate of convergence","score":0.41488751769065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.1795904040336609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13992822170257568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.13674995303153992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.06631013751029968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186633575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845060","display_name":"Maxima and minima","level":2,"score":0.6818810701370239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6125289797782898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5812146663665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.5554696321487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.539888322353363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5296421051025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5132646560668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9936470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510405","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","level":3,"score":0.4875561594963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4856656789779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46290692687034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45923927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3319230","display_name":"Non-linear least squares","level":3,"score":0.42489802837371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.424031138420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57869625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783502","display_name":"Rate of convergence","level":3,"score":0.41488751769065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.1795904040336609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13992822170257568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.13674995303153992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.06631013751029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1009672319869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009672319869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140962798","display_name":"Neural Processing Letters","issn_l":"1370-4621","issn":["1370-4621","1573-773X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981902804","https://openalex.org/W1981953550","https://openalex.org/W2016589492","https://openalex.org/W2019006876","https://openalex.org/W2123716044","https://openalex.org/W2140256789","https://openalex.org/W2160208155","https://openalex.org/W2161642013","https://openalex.org/W2169791674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026673180","https://openalex.org/W1959514624","https://openalex.org/W200101083","https://openalex.org/W2939592218","https://openalex.org/W2359835307","https://openalex.org/W327962130","https://openalex.org/W1997338499","https://openalex.org/W2589353378","https://openalex.org/W4378552425","https://openalex.org/W4380487384"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}