{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2120023453","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1023705401078","title":"The Nonlinear Statistics of High-Contrast Patches in Natural Images","display_name":"The Nonlinear Statistics of High-Contrast Patches in Natural Images","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2120023453","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1023705401078","mag":"2120023453"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1023705401078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1023705401078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:3637108","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042904476","display_name":"Ann B. Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ann B. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Box F, Providence, RI, 02912, USA","Division of Applied Mathematics, Box F, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Box F, Providence, RI, 02912, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Applied Mathematics, Box F, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061171736","display_name":"Kim Steenstrup Pedersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3713-0960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim S. Pedersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1, DK-2100, Copenhagen \u00d8, Denmark","Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1, DK-2100 Copenhagen \u00d8, Denmark#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1, DK-2100, Copenhagen \u00d8, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1, DK-2100 Copenhagen \u00d8, Denmark#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112196549","display_name":"David Mumford","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Mumford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Box F, Providence, RI, 02912, USA","Division of Applied Mathematics, Box F, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Box F, Providence, RI, 02912, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Applied Mathematics, Box F, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042904476"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3499,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":233,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98091,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"1-3","first_page":"83","last_page":"103"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.581547737121582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-distribution","display_name":"Probability distribution","score":0.5287299156188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5275242924690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5103732943534851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5059568285942078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5046507120132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4938557744026184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.49380525946617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-probability-distribution","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","score":0.46609488129615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-distribution","display_name":"Marginal distribution","score":0.4604843556880951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-coding","display_name":"Neural coding","score":0.4516443908214569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.41115543246269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4081723988056183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3411937355995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2390846610069275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-variable","display_name":"Random variable","score":0.19566506147384644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.581547737121582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.5287299156188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5275242924690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5103732943534851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5059568285942078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5046507120132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4938557744026184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.49380525946617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18653775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333358","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.46609488129615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165216359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670653","display_name":"Marginal distribution","level":3,"score":0.4604843556880951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77637269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7002051","display_name":"Neural coding","level":2,"score":0.4516443908214569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.41115543246269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4081723988056183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3411937355995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2390846610069275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122123141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176623","display_name":"Random variable","level":2,"score":0.19566506147384644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1023705401078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1023705401078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/3637108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:3637108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/0b1b4f00-74c5-11db-bee9-02004c4f4f50","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchprofiles.ku.dk/da/publications/0b1b4f00-74c5-11db-bee9-02004c4f4f50","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401983","display_name":"Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","host_organization_name":"University of Copenhagen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lee , A , Pedersen , K S & Mumford , D 2003 , ' The Nonlinear Statistics of High-contrast Patches in Natural Images ' , International Journal of Computer Vision , vol. 54 , no. 1-3 , pp. 83-103 . https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023705401078","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/3637108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:3637108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W620335643","https://openalex.org/W1550922999","https://openalex.org/W1555960994","https://openalex.org/W1775729916","https://openalex.org/W1964724001","https://openalex.org/W1984469511","https://openalex.org/W1995990042","https://openalex.org/W2042755403","https://openalex.org/W2044442377","https://openalex.org/W2057612871","https://openalex.org/W2097261533","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2101933716","https://openalex.org/W2106110775","https://openalex.org/W2113483122","https://openalex.org/W2124731682","https://openalex.org/W2139643804","https://openalex.org/W2139896607","https://openalex.org/W2141376824","https://openalex.org/W2145012779","https://openalex.org/W2148705846","https://openalex.org/W2154941050","https://openalex.org/W2163936573","https://openalex.org/W2167034998","https://openalex.org/W2740373864","https://openalex.org/W3179299791","https://openalex.org/W4233548532","https://openalex.org/W4245577102","https://openalex.org/W4247530072","https://openalex.org/W4249925659","https://openalex.org/W4254997627","https://openalex.org/W4293259454","https://openalex.org/W6674709851","https://openalex.org/W6674851815","https://openalex.org/W6680389264","https://openalex.org/W6820936193","https://openalex.org/W6827768719"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2546871836","https://openalex.org/W2136485282","https://openalex.org/W2997337812","https://openalex.org/W2268513077","https://openalex.org/W162901985","https://openalex.org/W2122857041","https://openalex.org/W2031077553","https://openalex.org/W2383655479","https://openalex.org/W2113818258","https://openalex.org/W4386158859"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}