{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1752958389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021814225969","title":"The Sample Average Approximation Method Applied to Stochastic Routing Problems: A Computational Study","display_name":"The Sample Average Approximation Method Applied to Stochastic Routing Problems: A Computational Study","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1752958389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021814225969","mag":"1752958389"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1021814225969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021814225969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S39243548","display_name":"Computational Optimization and Applications","issn_l":"0926-6003","issn":["0926-6003","1573-2894"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Optimization and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083138145","display_name":"Bram Verweij","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bram Verweij","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0205, USA","School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0205 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0205, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0205 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027399293","display_name":"Shabbir Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7049-7305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shabbir Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0205, USA","School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0205 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0205, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0205 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027493354","display_name":"Anton J. Kleywegt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1849-7276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton J. Kleywegt","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0205, USA","School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0205 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0205, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0205 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057281816","display_name":"George L. Nemhauser","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Nemhauser","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0205, USA","School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0205 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0205, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0205 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025917676","display_name":"Alexander Shapiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-0053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Shapiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0205, USA","School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0205 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0205, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0205 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083138145"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":40.15,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":479,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9965,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"2-3","first_page":"289","last_page":"333"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.7761548757553101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6591542959213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5823850631713867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.5275161862373352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-optimization","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","score":0.4977116882801056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-programming","display_name":"Stochastic programming","score":0.49762895703315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.4874403774738312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-size-determination","display_name":"Sample size determination","score":0.4872199594974518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.458343505859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","score":0.42340123653411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.3797839879989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.25990545749664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.18471133708953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1190255880355835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.7761548757553101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6591542959213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5823850631713867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.5275161862373352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194387892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747770","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","level":2,"score":0.4977116882801056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137631369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617831","display_name":"Stochastic programming","level":2,"score":0.49762895703315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.4874403774738312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129848803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564360","display_name":"Sample size determination","level":2,"score":0.4872199594974518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.458343505859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.42340123653411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3797839879989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.25990545749664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.18471133708953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1190255880355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1021814225969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021814225969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S39243548","display_name":"Computational Optimization and Applications","issn_l":"0926-6003","issn":["0926-6003","1573-2894"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Optimization and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W107938046","https://openalex.org/W201222650","https://openalex.org/W1493454878","https://openalex.org/W1501397470","https://openalex.org/W1551045639","https://openalex.org/W1569990960","https://openalex.org/W1963547452","https://openalex.org/W1968143987","https://openalex.org/W1975273219","https://openalex.org/W1979432659","https://openalex.org/W1983916623","https://openalex.org/W1991119408","https://openalex.org/W1991279460","https://openalex.org/W1994377487","https://openalex.org/W2000953623","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2017411673","https://openalex.org/W2020523195","https://openalex.org/W2027980371","https://openalex.org/W2029242918","https://openalex.org/W2038426159","https://openalex.org/W2040358553","https://openalex.org/W2044009541","https://openalex.org/W2048367154","https://openalex.org/W2050285799","https://openalex.org/W2057742448","https://openalex.org/W2061076569","https://openalex.org/W2064133327","https://openalex.org/W2078783008","https://openalex.org/W2087294763","https://openalex.org/W2095284441","https://openalex.org/W2100387313","https://openalex.org/W2105972067","https://openalex.org/W2115049345","https://openalex.org/W2115535801","https://openalex.org/W2118152326","https://openalex.org/W2126415128","https://openalex.org/W2326080054","https://openalex.org/W2336259629","https://openalex.org/W2476096155","https://openalex.org/W2483991257","https://openalex.org/W2489508639","https://openalex.org/W2505968561","https://openalex.org/W4236139273","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6802923458","https://openalex.org/W6996542355"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254717236","https://openalex.org/W2377757044","https://openalex.org/W3160952126","https://openalex.org/W2320103255","https://openalex.org/W798918733","https://openalex.org/W4213167601","https://openalex.org/W163279402","https://openalex.org/W2101287851","https://openalex.org/W2403168774","https://openalex.org/W4283738289"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
