{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1527748782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018977919653","title":"Understanding and exploring formal specifications","display_name":"Understanding and exploring formal specifications","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1527748782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018977919653","mag":"1527748782"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1018977919653","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018977919653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104191512","display_name":"Annals of Software Engineering","issn_l":"1022-7091","issn":["1022-7091","1573-7489"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109033625","display_name":"Jawed Siddiqi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71422933","display_name":"Sheffield Hallam University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wt1929","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jawed Siddiqi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK","Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK E-mail: j.i.siddiqi@shu.ac.uk#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK E-mail: j.i.siddiqi@shu.ac.uk#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050160340","display_name":"Ian Morrey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71422933","display_name":"Sheffield Hallam University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wt1929","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Morrey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK","Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK E-mail: j.i.siddiqi@shu.ac.uk#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK E-mail: j.i.siddiqi@shu.ac.uk#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066952142","display_name":"R. Hibberd","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71422933","display_name":"Sheffield Hallam University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wt1929","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Hibberd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK","Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK E-mail: j.i.siddiqi@shu.ac.uk#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK E-mail: j.i.siddiqi@shu.ac.uk#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062916771","display_name":"G. Buckberry","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71422933","display_name":"Sheffield Hallam University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wt1929","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graham Buckberry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK","Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK E-mail: j.i.siddiqi@shu.ac.uk#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Research Centre, School of Computing and Management Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Pond Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK E-mail: j.i.siddiqi@shu.ac.uk#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109033625"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0766958,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1-4","first_page":"411","last_page":"432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9233999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6646302342414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5758789777755737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5522987246513367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.5454798340797424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.4357563853263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4134519398212433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3255499005317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21650922298431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08555737137794495}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6646302342414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5758789777755737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5522987246513367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.5454798340797424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4357563853263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4134519398212433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3255499005317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21650922298431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08555737137794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1018977919653","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018977919653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104191512","display_name":"Annals of Software Engineering","issn_l":"1022-7091","issn":["1022-7091","1573-7489"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25288640","https://openalex.org/W1562210768","https://openalex.org/W1965776155","https://openalex.org/W1974989257","https://openalex.org/W1985724015","https://openalex.org/W2006390854","https://openalex.org/W2023825274","https://openalex.org/W2038754076","https://openalex.org/W2051290524","https://openalex.org/W2089674328","https://openalex.org/W2103953153","https://openalex.org/W2110701642","https://openalex.org/W2110846749","https://openalex.org/W2147543351","https://openalex.org/W2149953328","https://openalex.org/W2158535304","https://openalex.org/W2339337913","https://openalex.org/W2798338883","https://openalex.org/W2912090331","https://openalex.org/W6604761587","https://openalex.org/W6758853162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2504004674","https://openalex.org/W2498744856","https://openalex.org/W1595229445","https://openalex.org/W4390482104","https://openalex.org/W1591622305","https://openalex.org/W2488581006","https://openalex.org/W1911633385","https://openalex.org/W1587246512","https://openalex.org/W2913714777","https://openalex.org/W61995002"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
