{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1492704286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018964524717","title":"The logic of events","display_name":"The logic of events","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1492704286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018964524717","mag":"1492704286"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1018964524717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018964524717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90199469","display_name":"Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"1012-2443","issn":["1012-2443","1573-7470"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105842094","display_name":"Glenn Shafer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2148-2451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Glenn Shafer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Accounting and Information Systems, Faculty of Management, Rutgers University, 180 University Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07102\u20101897, USA, also"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Accounting and Information Systems, Faculty of Management, Rutgers University, 180 University Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07102\u20101897, USA, also","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077005904","display_name":"Peter R. Gillett","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter R. Gillett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Accounting and Information Systems, Faculty of Management, Rutgers University, Janice H. Levin Building, 94 Rockafeller Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854\u20108054, USA Email"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Accounting and Information Systems, Faculty of Management, Rutgers University, Janice H. Levin Building, 94 Rockafeller Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854\u20108054, USA Email","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000046519","display_name":"Richard B. Scherl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Scherl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102\u20101982, USA Email"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102\u20101982, USA Email","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0517,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81428163,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"1-4","first_page":"315","last_page":"389"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axiom","display_name":"Axiom","score":0.8431404232978821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructive","display_name":"Constructive","score":0.6383875608444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.6077604293823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5520414113998413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5145477652549744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructive-set-theory","display_name":"Constructive set theory","score":0.48654428124427795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-framework","display_name":"Logical framework","score":0.44982263445854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4462851881980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.423187255859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3868313133716583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calculus","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","score":0.34543082118034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set-theory","display_name":"Set theory","score":0.33312198519706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebra-over-a-field","display_name":"Algebra over a field","score":0.33194616436958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.27447348833084106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axiom-of-choice","display_name":"Axiom of choice","score":0.10841798782348633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167729594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17736","display_name":"Axiom","level":2,"score":0.8431404232978821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778701210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130034","display_name":"Constructive","level":3,"score":0.6383875608444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.6077604293823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5520414113998413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5145477652549744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556429856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164501","display_name":"Constructive set theory","level":5,"score":0.48654428124427795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20693621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6667502","display_name":"Logical framework","level":2,"score":0.44982263445854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4462851881980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.423187255859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3868313133716583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777686260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144037","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","level":2,"score":0.34543082118034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153046414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12482","display_name":"Set theory","level":3,"score":0.33312198519706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.33194616436958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.27447348833084106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151797676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179692","display_name":"Axiom of choice","level":4,"score":0.10841798782348633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1018964524717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018964524717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90199469","display_name":"Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"1012-2443","issn":["1012-2443","1573-7470"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81942528","https://openalex.org/W318997321","https://openalex.org/W569543113","https://openalex.org/W1480862739","https://openalex.org/W1482898433","https://openalex.org/W1487403858","https://openalex.org/W1511133369","https://openalex.org/W1537854563","https://openalex.org/W1538467230","https://openalex.org/W1557893839","https://openalex.org/W1564971179","https://openalex.org/W1565235297","https://openalex.org/W1583058930","https://openalex.org/W1586167239","https://openalex.org/W1607769879","https://openalex.org/W1855309718","https://openalex.org/W1971925101","https://openalex.org/W1973391999","https://openalex.org/W1975935536","https://openalex.org/W1986402635","https://openalex.org/W1987699575","https://openalex.org/W1992170615","https://openalex.org/W1993512664","https://openalex.org/W2004306067","https://openalex.org/W2005473008","https://openalex.org/W2022716165","https://openalex.org/W2045474169","https://openalex.org/W2047179354","https://openalex.org/W2067558609","https://openalex.org/W2070004175","https://openalex.org/W2078334802","https://openalex.org/W2093397547","https://openalex.org/W2094633765","https://openalex.org/W2100738443","https://openalex.org/W2106718208","https://openalex.org/W2124798629","https://openalex.org/W2128057448","https://openalex.org/W2128360419","https://openalex.org/W2138162238","https://openalex.org/W2150191218","https://openalex.org/W2159753366","https://openalex.org/W2165063953","https://openalex.org/W2217219265","https://openalex.org/W2264491443","https://openalex.org/W2396555304","https://openalex.org/W2798718690","https://openalex.org/W2799057409","https://openalex.org/W2899987233","https://openalex.org/W4210997442","https://openalex.org/W4230162268","https://openalex.org/W4234528212","https://openalex.org/W4252785764"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210343663","https://openalex.org/W3112295066","https://openalex.org/W2066072993","https://openalex.org/W152158185","https://openalex.org/W2016661762","https://openalex.org/W2347896696","https://openalex.org/W80676923","https://openalex.org/W2478383650","https://openalex.org/W4362731168","https://openalex.org/W4310884752"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}