{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1577409336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1016522528364","title":"On Characterizations of Proper Efficiency for Nonconvex Multiobjective Optimization","display_name":"On Characterizations of Proper Efficiency for Nonconvex Multiobjective Optimization","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1577409336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1016522528364","mag":"1577409336"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1016522528364","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1016522528364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115925768","display_name":"Journal of Global Optimization","issn_l":"0925-5001","issn":["0925-5001","1573-2916"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Global Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028578315","display_name":"Xiaoxu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4635-6112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126924076","display_name":"Chongqing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dcw5w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126924076"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"X.X. Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China","Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China; Current address: Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, ...#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126924076"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China; Current address: Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, ...#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024523994","display_name":"Xiaoqi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-4032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X.Q. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong (Corresponding author. E-mail: mayangxq@polyu.edu.hk)#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong (Corresponding author. E-mail: mayangxq@polyu.edu.hk)#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028578315"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126924076","https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2780},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3489,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53199867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"3-4","first_page":"213","last_page":"231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10545","display_name":"Optimization and Variational Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10545","display_name":"Optimization and Variational Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10963","display_name":"Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2612","display_name":"Numerical Analysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13855","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering and Control Systems","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.8996909260749817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6621266603469849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalar","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","score":0.5473960041999817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penalty-method","display_name":"Penalty method","score":0.49799108505249023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"Optimal control","score":0.4937973916530609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4779905676841736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","score":0.444598913192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.428816556930542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.35891222953796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.07864147424697876}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.8996909260749817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6621266603469849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5473960041999817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6180225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3411771","display_name":"Penalty method","level":2,"score":0.49799108505249023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.4937973916530609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4779905676841736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.444598913192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.428816556930542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.35891222953796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07864147424697876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1016522528364","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1016522528364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115925768","display_name":"Journal of Global Optimization","issn_l":"0925-5001","issn":["0925-5001","1573-2916"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Global Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/12204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/12204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109016340","https://openalex.org/W1551360398","https://openalex.org/W1553702074","https://openalex.org/W1970595326","https://openalex.org/W1975339028","https://openalex.org/W1985319797","https://openalex.org/W1998285684","https://openalex.org/W2005817194","https://openalex.org/W2037738670","https://openalex.org/W2046992150","https://openalex.org/W2061955212","https://openalex.org/W2065552734","https://openalex.org/W2068614008","https://openalex.org/W2083818478","https://openalex.org/W2090425169","https://openalex.org/W2094482197","https://openalex.org/W2110373411","https://openalex.org/W2122392141","https://openalex.org/W2156036778","https://openalex.org/W2802620382","https://openalex.org/W2974720244","https://openalex.org/W4236253618","https://openalex.org/W4253214256"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2061750202","https://openalex.org/W2128707062","https://openalex.org/W1584005906","https://openalex.org/W4312509357","https://openalex.org/W2918200358","https://openalex.org/W3123416417","https://openalex.org/W2474851184","https://openalex.org/W2013038594","https://openalex.org/W2142844925","https://openalex.org/W4240740673"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}