{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1540445155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013729320435","title":"Using DIRECT to Solve an Aircraft Routing Problem","display_name":"Using DIRECT to Solve an Aircraft Routing Problem","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1540445155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013729320435","mag":"1540445155"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1013729320435","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013729320435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S39243548","display_name":"Computational Optimization and Applications","issn_l":"0926-6003","issn":["0926-6003","1573-2894"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Optimization and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090102405","display_name":"M. C. Bartholomew\u2010Biggs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9500-5274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.C. Bartholomew-Biggs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK","Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB UK#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB UK#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069985535","display_name":"S.C. Parkhurst","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.C. Parkhurst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK","Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB UK#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB UK#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008124812","display_name":"Simon Wilson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0312-3586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.P. Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK","Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB UK#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Numerical Optimisation Centre, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB UK#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1323,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"311","last_page":"323"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10963","display_name":"Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2612","display_name":"Numerical Analysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10963","display_name":"Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2612","display_name":"Numerical Analysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10792","display_name":"Matrix Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.7061185836791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5129356384277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4390254616737366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.7061185836791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5129356384277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4390254616737366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1013729320435","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013729320435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S39243548","display_name":"Computational Optimization and Applications","issn_l":"0926-6003","issn":["0926-6003","1573-2894"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Optimization and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uhra.herts.ac.uk:2299/2264","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2299/2264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400241","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire Research Archive (University of Hertfordshire)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","host_organization_name":"University of Hertfordshire","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W187322931","https://openalex.org/W1758335649","https://openalex.org/W1969012039","https://openalex.org/W1994996222","https://openalex.org/W2032997840","https://openalex.org/W2091487140","https://openalex.org/W2093409555","https://openalex.org/W2113741278","https://openalex.org/W2179991659","https://openalex.org/W6637630587","https://openalex.org/W6648972576","https://openalex.org/W7028768224"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W3217415483","https://openalex.org/W4285677055","https://openalex.org/W3104770499","https://openalex.org/W1992731528","https://openalex.org/W2007843488","https://openalex.org/W1994436307","https://openalex.org/W2795565301","https://openalex.org/W1987021796","https://openalex.org/W4387886124"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}