{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2098242580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009754327059","title":"A Taxonomy of Spatial Data Integrity Constraints","display_name":"A Taxonomy of Spatial Data Integrity Constraints","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2098242580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009754327059","mag":"2098242580"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1009754327059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009754327059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168194","display_name":"GeoInformatica","issn_l":"1384-6175","issn":["1384-6175","1573-7624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GeoInformatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071082518","display_name":"Sophie Cockcroft","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6033-0947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80281795","display_name":"University of Otago","ror":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sophie Cockcroft","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand","Department of Information Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. Email: Scockcroft@commerce.otago.ac.nz"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. Email: Scockcroft@commerce.otago.ac.nz","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071082518"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7104,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8592547,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"4","first_page":"327","last_page":"343"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.6525368094444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-quality","display_name":"Data quality","score":0.6265435218811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.6251444816589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integrity","display_name":"Data integrity","score":0.6186103224754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6112591624259949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-database","display_name":"Spatial database","score":0.5500321984291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5215296745300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-consistency","display_name":"Data consistency","score":0.4608658254146576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4548628032207489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4240381121635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4113316237926483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.37000375986099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.35314083099365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.29673048853874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17488262057304382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10764163732528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.09602612257003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09080851078033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.0825909674167633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.6525368094444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.6265435218811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.6251444816589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.6186103224754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6112591624259949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203689450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2302053","display_name":"Spatial database","level":3,"score":0.5500321984291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5215296745300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93361087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4426698","display_name":"Data consistency","level":2,"score":0.4608658254146576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4548628032207489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4240381121635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4113316237926483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.37000375986099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.35314083099365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.29673048853874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17488262057304382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10764163732528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.09602612257003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09080851078033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0825909674167633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1009754327059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009754327059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168194","display_name":"GeoInformatica","issn_l":"1384-6175","issn":["1384-6175","1573-7624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GeoInformatica","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W106378164","https://openalex.org/W150414349","https://openalex.org/W573640080","https://openalex.org/W1528270775","https://openalex.org/W1596887828","https://openalex.org/W1849301553","https://openalex.org/W1993739970","https://openalex.org/W2001486098","https://openalex.org/W2011048646","https://openalex.org/W2032446415","https://openalex.org/W2051666449","https://openalex.org/W2083200952","https://openalex.org/W2086906616","https://openalex.org/W2133039566","https://openalex.org/W2478077372","https://openalex.org/W2751199251","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6606128717"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251016002","https://openalex.org/W2122098189","https://openalex.org/W2358133679","https://openalex.org/W2019468830","https://openalex.org/W2146933441","https://openalex.org/W3041894995","https://openalex.org/W2092656406","https://openalex.org/W2083062572","https://openalex.org/W3175087045","https://openalex.org/W186585275"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
