{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1587680093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008255009547","title":null,"display_name":null,"publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1587680093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008255009547","mag":"1587680093"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1008255009547","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008255009547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81616010","display_name":"Designs Codes and Cryptography","issn_l":"0925-1022","issn":["0925-1022","1573-7586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Designs, Codes and Cryptography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064124520","display_name":"Stephanie Perkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-8731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I128993996","display_name":"University of South Wales","ror":"https://ror.org/02mzn7s88","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I128993996"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephanie Perkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Mathematics and Computing, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL, Mid Glamorgan, Wales, U.K","Division of Mathematics and Computing, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL Mid Glamorgan, Wales U.K.#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Mathematics and Computing, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL, Mid Glamorgan, Wales, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I128993996"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Mathematics and Computing, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL Mid Glamorgan, Wales U.K.#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I128993996"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064124520"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I128993996"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6041,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74062429,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"79","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":null,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alphabet","display_name":"Alphabet","score":0.6175554394721985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-code","display_name":"Hamming code","score":0.6172947883605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.6164583563804626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6127605438232422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-distance","display_name":"Hamming distance","score":0.5910009741783142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero","display_name":"Zero (linguistics)","score":0.5752988457679749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.5441991686820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.5041018724441528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.4652377665042877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4534570574760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.43946847319602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3455778956413269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.28211352229118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.05804935097694397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112876837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837518","display_name":"Alphabet","level":2,"score":0.6175554394721985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73150493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853922","display_name":"Hamming code","level":4,"score":0.6172947883605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.6164583563804626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6127605438232422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193319292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272172","display_name":"Hamming distance","level":2,"score":0.5910009741783142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780813799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3274237","display_name":"Zero (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5752988457679749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5441991686820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.5041018724441528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.4652377665042877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4534570574760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.43946847319602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3455778956413269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.28211352229118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.05804935097694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1008255009547","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008255009547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81616010","display_name":"Designs Codes and Cryptography","issn_l":"0925-1022","issn":["0925-1022","1573-7586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Designs, Codes and Cryptography","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114541479","https://openalex.org/W1974724458","https://openalex.org/W2052496209","https://openalex.org/W2109574149","https://openalex.org/W2153648262","https://openalex.org/W2323459438"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2943247777","https://openalex.org/W2740543340","https://openalex.org/W2371167013","https://openalex.org/W3015581511","https://openalex.org/W1582340598","https://openalex.org/W1541021634","https://openalex.org/W2779867339","https://openalex.org/W2794545997","https://openalex.org/W2584980534","https://openalex.org/W2182731056"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}