{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2172003140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008009721495","title":"ARMADA Middleware and Communication Services","display_name":"ARMADA Middleware and Communication Services","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2172003140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008009721495","mag":"2172003140"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1008009721495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008009721495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183885566","display_name":"Real-Time Systems","issn_l":"0922-6443","issn":["0922-6443","1573-1383"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Real-Time Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48061","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087114395","display_name":"Tarek Abdelzaher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3883-7220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T. Abdelzaher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079277118","display_name":"S. Dawson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Dawson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044432126","display_name":"Wei Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7472-7921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W.-C. Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078067855","display_name":"Farnam Jahanian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Jahanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036961448","display_name":"S. R. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1504-8966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111936227","display_name":"A. Mehra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Mehra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066896065","display_name":"T. Mitton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Mitton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068980074","display_name":"Aftab Ahmed Shaikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1533-6311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Shaikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053541912","display_name":"Kang G. Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0086-8777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004153260","display_name":"Z. Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066947962","display_name":"Haiyuan Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7551-0297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029974950","display_name":"M. Bjorkland","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Bjorkland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047117780","display_name":"Pedro Jos\u00e9 Marr\u00f3n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7233-2547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Marron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Computing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087114395"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2790},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5449,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8407567,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2-3","first_page":"127","last_page":"153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middleware","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","score":0.672893226146698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependability","display_name":"Dependability","score":0.6683335900306702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6620925068855286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.6552636027336121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.5758342146873474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4669526517391205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication-in-small-groups","display_name":"Communication in small groups","score":0.423615425825119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.41141268610954285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.38850679993629456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.34378501772880554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3109763264656067}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169468491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146923","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","level":2,"score":0.672893226146698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77019957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2689057","display_name":"Dependability","level":2,"score":0.6683335900306702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6620925068855286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.6552636027336121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.5758342146873474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4669526517391205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44871818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5154139","display_name":"Communication in small groups","level":2,"score":0.423615425825119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.41141268610954285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38850679993629456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.34378501772880554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3109763264656067}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1008009721495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008009721495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183885566","display_name":"Real-Time Systems","issn_l":"0922-6443","issn":["0922-6443","1573-1383"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Real-Time Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/48061","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48061>","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48061","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.16.7375","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.16.7375","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~zaher/armada.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.85.4607","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.85.4607","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.research.ibm.com/people/a/aashaikh/papers/rtsj98.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/48061","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48061>","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48061","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332467","display_name":"U.S. Air Force","ror":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332815","display_name":"Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2172003140.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2172003140.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W135890514","https://openalex.org/W1545238651","https://openalex.org/W1855848094","https://openalex.org/W1929762880","https://openalex.org/W1960775359","https://openalex.org/W1995029336","https://openalex.org/W2045362872","https://openalex.org/W2046136445","https://openalex.org/W2048273724","https://openalex.org/W2066782797","https://openalex.org/W2077671984","https://openalex.org/W2095689429","https://openalex.org/W2103312864","https://openalex.org/W2105818147","https://openalex.org/W2110582764","https://openalex.org/W2113487460","https://openalex.org/W2116142303","https://openalex.org/W2117848861","https://openalex.org/W2123154790","https://openalex.org/W2131688494","https://openalex.org/W2131849111","https://openalex.org/W2134323418","https://openalex.org/W2138381338","https://openalex.org/W2144473133","https://openalex.org/W2145159430","https://openalex.org/W2155870776","https://openalex.org/W2158712333","https://openalex.org/W2170323617","https://openalex.org/W2170506995","https://openalex.org/W2171469656","https://openalex.org/W4230133813","https://openalex.org/W4249698975","https://openalex.org/W4251625132"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169628522","https://openalex.org/W4252527915","https://openalex.org/W2409287660","https://openalex.org/W2233357156","https://openalex.org/W1546397715","https://openalex.org/W1981860401","https://openalex.org/W1864755515","https://openalex.org/W2955825640","https://openalex.org/W2391543021","https://openalex.org/W2769888378"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
