{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1553155526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007925203918","title":"Modular Neural Network Classifiers: A Comparative Study","display_name":"Modular Neural Network Classifiers: A Comparative Study","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1553155526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007925203918","mag":"1553155526"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1007925203918","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007925203918","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91329792","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems","issn_l":"0921-0296","issn":["0921-0296","1573-0409"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074439393","display_name":"G. Auda","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gasser Auda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Lab., Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada, N2L 3G1","Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Lab, Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada N2L 3G1"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Lab., Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada, N2L 3G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Lab, Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada N2L 3G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039318050","display_name":"Mohamed S. Kamel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6173-8082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Kamel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Lab., Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada, N2L 3G1","Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Lab, Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada N2L 3G1"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Lab., Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada, N2L 3G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Lab, Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada N2L 3G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074439393"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4233,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9433322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"117","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13832","display_name":"Advanced Decision-Making Techniques","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9621000289916992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merge","display_name":"Merge (version control)","score":0.8138226270675659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.685632586479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.6410866975784302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6236656904220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6153463125228882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-neural-network","display_name":"Modular neural network","score":0.5589661002159119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5579351782798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5096020698547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","score":0.43929415941238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32349300384521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-delay-neural-network","display_name":"Time delay neural network","score":0.11194673180580139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.1101454496383667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.8138226270675659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.685632586479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.6410866975784302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6236656904220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6153463125228882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781121602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3504403","display_name":"Modular neural network","level":4,"score":0.5589661002159119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5579351782798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5096020698547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179717631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991667","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","level":3,"score":0.43929415941238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32349300384521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175202392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434543","display_name":"Time delay neural network","level":3,"score":0.11194673180580139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.1101454496383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1007925203918","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007925203918","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91329792","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems","issn_l":"0921-0296","issn":["0921-0296","1573-0409"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1253821906","https://openalex.org/W1519507052","https://openalex.org/W1558917119","https://openalex.org/W1570664003","https://openalex.org/W1979500821","https://openalex.org/W1992408997","https://openalex.org/W1997449813","https://openalex.org/W2100283156","https://openalex.org/W2107379845","https://openalex.org/W2118687270","https://openalex.org/W2150866911","https://openalex.org/W2150884987","https://openalex.org/W2153436198","https://openalex.org/W3112020351"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003799049","https://openalex.org/W2532049082","https://openalex.org/W2171477698","https://openalex.org/W3041008096","https://openalex.org/W2376718832","https://openalex.org/W1539559886","https://openalex.org/W14051135","https://openalex.org/W2463285871","https://openalex.org/W1547330851","https://openalex.org/W2097103367"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}