{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1549392931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006596506229","title":"Topic Distillation and Spectral Filtering","display_name":"Topic Distillation and Spectral Filtering","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1549392931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006596506229","mag":"1549392931"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1006596506229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006596506229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101457009","display_name":"Soumen Chakrabarti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9419-7486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Soumen Chakrabarti","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; soumen@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; soumen@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031458509","display_name":"Byron Dom","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byron E. Dom","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; dom@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; dom@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053094139","display_name":"David Gibson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7612-0530"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Gibson","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; gibson@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; gibson@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107809381","display_name":"Ravi Kumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ravi Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; ravi@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; ravi@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078491738","display_name":"Prabhakar Raghavan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9853-7604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prabhakar Raghavan","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; pragh@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; pragh@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104023644","display_name":"Sridhar Rajagopalan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sridhar Rajagopalan","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; sridhar@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA; sridhar@almaden.ibm.com#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068021191","display_name":"Andrew Tomkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1611-9255"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Tomkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA, 95120-6099, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120-6099 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101457009"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5985,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91066167,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"5-6","first_page":"409","last_page":"435"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8720154762268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6767221689224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.6321535110473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5831015706062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.579931378364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperlink","display_name":"Hyperlink","score":0.5123542547225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5008454322814941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/newspaper","display_name":"Newspaper","score":0.46577996015548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33844858407974243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2355595827102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-page","display_name":"Web page","score":0.20988896489143372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.19358143210411072}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8720154762268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6767221689224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.6321535110473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5831015706062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.579931378364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30088001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102014","display_name":"Hyperlink","level":3,"score":0.5123542547225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5008454322814941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201280247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11032","display_name":"Newspaper","level":2,"score":0.46577996015548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33844858407974243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2355595827102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21959979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36774","display_name":"Web page","level":2,"score":0.20988896489143372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.19358143210411072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1006596506229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006596506229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518559012","https://openalex.org/W1518603657","https://openalex.org/W1570542661","https://openalex.org/W1605217017","https://openalex.org/W1770825568","https://openalex.org/W1966951973","https://openalex.org/W1970859146","https://openalex.org/W1976454383","https://openalex.org/W1981202432","https://openalex.org/W1986551362","https://openalex.org/W1995170390","https://openalex.org/W1995252078","https://openalex.org/W1996764654","https://openalex.org/W1997841190","https://openalex.org/W1999594222","https://openalex.org/W2002444211","https://openalex.org/W2005207065","https://openalex.org/W2006119904","https://openalex.org/W2014247933","https://openalex.org/W2019443264","https://openalex.org/W2025468035","https://openalex.org/W2028406909","https://openalex.org/W2029373189","https://openalex.org/W2032540905","https://openalex.org/W2037498077","https://openalex.org/W2041333730","https://openalex.org/W2053549370","https://openalex.org/W2054119298","https://openalex.org/W2056889883","https://openalex.org/W2059275719","https://openalex.org/W2061954183","https://openalex.org/W2066636486","https://openalex.org/W2067976091","https://openalex.org/W2070169083","https://openalex.org/W2076008912","https://openalex.org/W2079672501","https://openalex.org/W2082398795","https://openalex.org/W2082751088","https://openalex.org/W2095150974","https://openalex.org/W2096361317","https://openalex.org/W2112140746","https://openalex.org/W2114699716","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2145036943","https://openalex.org/W2145311040","https://openalex.org/W2147152072","https://openalex.org/W2156020612","https://openalex.org/W2163554602","https://openalex.org/W2798909945","https://openalex.org/W2905110430","https://openalex.org/W3146805499","https://openalex.org/W4240121050","https://openalex.org/W4240407914","https://openalex.org/W4241122026","https://openalex.org/W6634059332","https://openalex.org/W6750968397"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2376554757","https://openalex.org/W612150824","https://openalex.org/W2361959990","https://openalex.org/W1596512750","https://openalex.org/W2383443050","https://openalex.org/W2367702734","https://openalex.org/W2100945520","https://openalex.org/W2386525189","https://openalex.org/W2360284199","https://openalex.org/W2620505790"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}