{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2890460364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006500224529","title":"The Berkeley UNIX Consultant Project","display_name":"The Berkeley UNIX Consultant Project","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2890460364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006500224529","mag":"2890460364"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1006500224529","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006500224529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109067142","display_name":"Robert Wilensky","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Wilensky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer Science, Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, U.S.A","Division of Computer Science, Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer Science, Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer Science, Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103347824","display_name":"David N. Chin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331384533","display_name":"University of Hawaii System","ror":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331384533"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089307","display_name":"East\u2013West Center","ror":"https://ror.org/008encc97","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090841","display_name":"Honolulu University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cdy6v14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090841"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David N. Chin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Hawaii, 1680 East West Rd., Honolulu, HI, 96822, U.S.A","Department of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Hawaii, 1680 East West Rd., Honolulu, HI, 96822, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331384533","https://openalex.org/I4210089307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331384533","https://openalex.org/I4210090841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021234621","display_name":"Marc Luria","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116202","display_name":"RTDS Technologies (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/02dcjej90","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116202"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc Luria","raw_affiliation_strings":["NDS Technologies Israel Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NDS Technologies Israel Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010984350","display_name":"James Martin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-3864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802236040","display_name":"University of Colorado System","ror":"https://ror.org/00jc20583","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0430, U.S.A","Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0430, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036270568","display_name":"James Mayfield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3866-3013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79272384","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore County","ror":"https://ror.org/02qskvh78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Mayfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Dept., University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, 21228-5398, U.S.A","Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Dept., University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Dept., University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, 21228-5398, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Dept., University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083694186","display_name":"Dekai Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9833-361X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dekai Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China","Department of Computer Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5927,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87957894,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1-2","first_page":"43","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8747998476028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unix","display_name":"Unix","score":0.5851367712020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5814543962478638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utterance","display_name":"Utterance","score":0.5323958992958069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.5063186883926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4826660454273224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4464353322982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.42756056785583496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4270634651184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4058462977409363}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8747998476028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112968700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11368","display_name":"Unix","level":3,"score":0.5851367712020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5814543962478638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775852435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258403","display_name":"Utterance","level":2,"score":0.5323958992958069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.5063186883926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4826660454273224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4464353322982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.42756056785583496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4270634651184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4058462977409363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1006500224529","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006500224529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-45842","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-45842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":95,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20209281","https://openalex.org/W22045434","https://openalex.org/W24106767","https://openalex.org/W37356072","https://openalex.org/W59002061","https://openalex.org/W75031096","https://openalex.org/W103216324","https://openalex.org/W123366752","https://openalex.org/W128497902","https://openalex.org/W134943736","https://openalex.org/W146013691","https://openalex.org/W155362917","https://openalex.org/W193854645","https://openalex.org/W286558993","https://openalex.org/W1481092816","https://openalex.org/W1482906192","https://openalex.org/W1482931685","https://openalex.org/W1485222543","https://openalex.org/W1501126425","https://openalex.org/W1502428651","https://openalex.org/W1541463859","https://openalex.org/W1544190929","https://openalex.org/W1544966139","https://openalex.org/W1555598219","https://openalex.org/W1568133753","https://openalex.org/W1568941107","https://openalex.org/W1569107316","https://openalex.org/W1576632330","https://openalex.org/W1582382940","https://openalex.org/W1590768047","https://openalex.org/W1605805822","https://openalex.org/W1606506597","https://openalex.org/W1979805399","https://openalex.org/W1981627423","https://openalex.org/W1993667502","https://openalex.org/W2010013526","https://openalex.org/W2031016524","https://openalex.org/W2040869627","https://openalex.org/W2042532130","https://openalex.org/W2052049451","https://openalex.org/W2052417512","https://openalex.org/W2060642394","https://openalex.org/W2089969382","https://openalex.org/W2094301698","https://openalex.org/W2105898877","https://openalex.org/W2106331795","https://openalex.org/W2129264276","https://openalex.org/W2132271306","https://openalex.org/W2147859400","https://openalex.org/W2150689990","https://openalex.org/W2158202912","https://openalex.org/W2159525276","https://openalex.org/W2163767584","https://openalex.org/W2198037100","https://openalex.org/W2264742718","https://openalex.org/W2294125392","https://openalex.org/W2333196491","https://openalex.org/W2337392266","https://openalex.org/W2739033124","https://openalex.org/W2888912674","https://openalex.org/W3035258717","https://openalex.org/W3139316869","https://openalex.org/W4205272424","https://openalex.org/W4231043689","https://openalex.org/W4235073904","https://openalex.org/W4235731550","https://openalex.org/W4237148957","https://openalex.org/W6600828486","https://openalex.org/W6605034739","https://openalex.org/W6605284065","https://openalex.org/W6605984801","https://openalex.org/W6606364170","https://openalex.org/W6607928035","https://openalex.org/W6610334420","https://openalex.org/W6625122095","https://openalex.org/W6628989205","https://openalex.org/W6629018545","https://openalex.org/W6630092932","https://openalex.org/W6633211882","https://openalex.org/W6633281193","https://openalex.org/W6633907165","https://openalex.org/W6634761788","https://openalex.org/W6636449985","https://openalex.org/W6663462806","https://openalex.org/W6665659361","https://openalex.org/W6672678208","https://openalex.org/W6676285061","https://openalex.org/W6681281619","https://openalex.org/W6682308599","https://openalex.org/W6693199996","https://openalex.org/W6697062979","https://openalex.org/W6792270504","https://openalex.org/W6805158530","https://openalex.org/W6807910596","https://openalex.org/W7010079676"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2529301793","https://openalex.org/W2384121599","https://openalex.org/W2038083449","https://openalex.org/W2562096895","https://openalex.org/W2333799855","https://openalex.org/W3177678247","https://openalex.org/W2033889310","https://openalex.org/W2145792724","https://openalex.org/W1539943423","https://openalex.org/W2127778125"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T07:32:37.131356","created_date":"2018-09-27T00:00:00"}