{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4232482880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1005218602230","title":"Introduction","display_name":"Introduction","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4232482880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1005218602230"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1005218602230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1005218602230","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S255146","display_name":"Synthese","issn_l":"0039-7857","issn":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Synthese","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035984363","display_name":"John Blackmore","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799809257","display_name":"American Sentinel University","ror":"https://ror.org/059p0a776","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799809257"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Blackmore","raw_affiliation_strings":["4932 Sentinel Drive, Apt. #201, Bethesda, MA, 20816, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"4932 Sentinel Drive, Apt. #201, Bethesda, MA, 20816, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799809257"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035984363"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799809257"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"119","issue":"1-2","first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-language","display_name":"Philosophy of language","score":0.6379042267799377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-science","display_name":"Philosophy of science","score":0.6172571778297424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.5602566599845886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphysics","display_name":"Metaphysics","score":0.4880901575088501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.41387131810188293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123556308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484761","display_name":"Philosophy of language","level":3,"score":0.6379042267799377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110099512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59115","display_name":"Philosophy of science","level":2,"score":0.6172571778297424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.5602566599845886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182744844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35277","display_name":"Metaphysics","level":2,"score":0.4880901575088501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.41387131810188293}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1005218602230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1005218602230","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S255146","display_name":"Synthese","issn_l":"0039-7857","issn":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Synthese","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1797968025","https://openalex.org/W1983953563","https://openalex.org/W2086596871","https://openalex.org/W2159198053","https://openalex.org/W2482933639","https://openalex.org/W2490657389","https://openalex.org/W2989874071","https://openalex.org/W4210969310","https://openalex.org/W6735778279"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1113816724","https://openalex.org/W2092285106","https://openalex.org/W2066948025","https://openalex.org/W1979976576","https://openalex.org/W2910238174","https://openalex.org/W4241096138","https://openalex.org/W3088603813","https://openalex.org/W1990529896","https://openalex.org/W2803521345","https://openalex.org/W2887262263"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}