{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2179653828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1001742011783","title":"Using the TEI Writing System Declaration (WSD)","display_name":"Using the TEI Writing System Declaration (WSD)","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2179653828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1001742011783","mag":"2179653828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1001742011783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1001742011783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93469583","display_name":"Computers and the Humanities","issn_l":"0010-4817","issn":["0010-4817","1572-8412"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and the Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079364637","display_name":"David J. Birnbaum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2867-7473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David J. Birnbaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of Pittsburgh, 1417 Cathedral of Learning, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA (","Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA (E-mail"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of Pittsburgh, 1417 Cathedral of Learning, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA (","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA (E-mail","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082433853","display_name":"Mavis Cournane","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27577105","display_name":"University College Cork","ror":"https://ror.org/03265fv13","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mavis Cournane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Center, University College Cork, Kan Building, Ireland (","Computer Center, University College Cork, Ireland (E-mail"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Center, University College Cork, Kan Building, Ireland (","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Center, University College Cork, Ireland (E-mail","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035053348","display_name":"Peter Flynn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4203-4199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27577105","display_name":"University College Cork","ror":"https://ror.org/03265fv13","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Flynn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College Cork"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College Cork","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079364637"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33100249,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"1-2","first_page":"49","last_page":"57"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12377","display_name":"Digital Humanities and Scholarship","score":0.7953000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12377","display_name":"Digital Humanities and Scholarship","score":0.7953000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13523","display_name":"Mathematics, Computing, and Information Processing","score":0.10570000112056732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7695715427398682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.7275986671447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.6380295753479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.5669485330581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-linguistics","display_name":"Computational linguistics","score":0.5092507600784302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.45701390504837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.44657766819000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.40957707166671753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.38096922636032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.32081592082977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31113797426223755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7695715427398682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.7275986671447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.6380295753479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.5669485330581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155092808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182557","display_name":"Computational linguistics","level":2,"score":0.5092507600784302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.45701390504837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.44657766819000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.40957707166671753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.38096922636032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.32081592082977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31113797426223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1001742011783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1001742011783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93469583","display_name":"Computers and the Humanities","issn_l":"0010-4817","issn":["0010-4817","1572-8412"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers and the Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W613634021","https://openalex.org/W1485490758","https://openalex.org/W1690636059","https://openalex.org/W2076090517","https://openalex.org/W2461298054","https://openalex.org/W2500777686","https://openalex.org/W2557828876","https://openalex.org/W4233061253"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120447654","https://openalex.org/W2977179488","https://openalex.org/W2046765700","https://openalex.org/W2144453115","https://openalex.org/W2128223750","https://openalex.org/W4384345686","https://openalex.org/W4238532390","https://openalex.org/W2188872161","https://openalex.org/W2002978035","https://openalex.org/W2145834781"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}