{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2074253617","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci970227m","title":"On the Probability of Codon\u2212Codon Mutational Replacements","display_name":"On the Probability of Codon\u2212Codon Mutational Replacements","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2074253617","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci970227m","mag":"2074253617"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/ci970227m","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci970227m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171559003","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences","issn_l":"0095-2338","issn":["0095-2338","1520-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043453628","display_name":"D. Pumpernik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152560","display_name":"National Institute of Chemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/050mac570","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152560"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Pumpernik","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000132272","display_name":"D. Lukman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6487-6763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152560","display_name":"National Institute of Chemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/050mac570","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152560"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Lukman","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063823300","display_name":"B. Bor\u0161tnik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-195X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152560","display_name":"National Institute of Chemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/050mac570","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152560"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Bor\u0161tnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152560"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152560"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10880868,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"6","first_page":"1033","last_page":"1036"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codon-usage-bias","display_name":"Codon usage bias","score":0.7495155334472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.6168708801269531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/start-codon","display_name":"Start codon","score":0.5600411891937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.46375611424446106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.4523018002510071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.4320947527885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome","display_name":"Genome","score":0.41446250677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.3833659887313843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-sequence","display_name":"Base sequence","score":0.2194371223449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12537965178489685}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87253356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1106472","display_name":"Codon usage bias","level":4,"score":0.7495155334472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.6168708801269531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176990463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1854186","display_name":"Start codon","level":4,"score":0.5600411891937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.46375611424446106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4523018002510071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4320947527885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.41446250677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3833659887313843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017666073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1764062","display_name":"Base sequence","level":3,"score":0.2194371223449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12537965178489685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/ci970227m","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci970227m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171559003","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences","issn_l":"0095-2338","issn":["0095-2338","1520-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1646715113","https://openalex.org/W1992648037","https://openalex.org/W2024767709","https://openalex.org/W2050448109","https://openalex.org/W2090558736","https://openalex.org/W2143210482","https://openalex.org/W2600349519","https://openalex.org/W4206476507"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251972423","https://openalex.org/W1503216044","https://openalex.org/W2393609567","https://openalex.org/W2369369044","https://openalex.org/W2354143083","https://openalex.org/W2028165934","https://openalex.org/W1793475955","https://openalex.org/W3207681509","https://openalex.org/W2132060660","https://openalex.org/W2123378925"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,61],"content":[1],"of":[2,6,8,38,50,56,58,73,78,94,102],"the":[3,26,33,65,68,71,76,87,92,95,98],"data":[4],"base":[5],"blocks":[7],"protein":[9],"sequences":[10,32],"(Henikoff,":[11],"S.;":[12],"Henikoff,":[13],"J.":[14],"G.":[15],"Genomics":[16],"1994,":[17],"19,":[18],"97\u2212107)":[19],"were":[20,44],"used":[21],"in":[22,91],"order":[23],"to":[24,85],"locate":[25],"homologous":[27],"gene":[28],"sequences.":[29,60],"Aligning":[30],"these":[31],"64":[34,36],"\u00d7":[35],"matrix":[37],"codon\u2212codon":[39,88],"interchanges":[40],"was":[41,83],"constructed.":[42],"Matrices":[43],"generated":[45],"for":[46,53],"various":[47,54],"phylogenetical":[48],"groups":[49],"organisms":[51],"and":[52,75],"degrees":[55],"relatedness":[57],"source":[59],"resulting":[62],"matrices":[63],"provide":[64],"information":[66],"about":[67],"codon":[69],"usage:":[70],"frequency":[72,77],"silent":[74],"recognizable":[79],"mutations.":[80],"An":[81],"attempt":[82],"made":[84],"interpret":[86],"interchange":[89],"frequencies":[90],"spirit":[93],"supposition":[96],"that":[97],"evolutionary":[99],"events":[100],"are":[101],"predominantly":[103],"stochastic":[104],"character.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}