{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2069108563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci960095h","title":"Computer Software for Risk Assessment","display_name":"Computer Software for Risk Assessment","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2069108563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci960095h","mag":"2069108563"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/ci960095h","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci960095h","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171559003","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences","issn_l":"0095-2338","issn":["0095-2338","1520-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031183535","display_name":"Nigel Greene","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0433-4596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. Greene","raw_affiliation_strings":["LHASA UK Ltd., School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LHASA UK Ltd., School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031183535"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5072,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82615736,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"1","first_page":"148","last_page":"150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9596999883651733,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13180","display_name":"Chemistry and Chemical Engineering","score":0.958899974822998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.6957583427429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hazard","display_name":"Hazard","score":0.6639034748077393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6446669101715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/argumentation-theory","display_name":"Argumentation theory","score":0.6204974055290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hazard-analysis","display_name":"Hazard analysis","score":0.5926651954650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.552678108215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.5353508591651917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5125539302825928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4978055953979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4474324882030487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.33869311213493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3320334851741791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1833714246749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17184370756149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.1512564718723297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.07674893736839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.0714113712310791}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.6957583427429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49261128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132455","display_name":"Hazard","level":2,"score":0.6639034748077393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6446669101715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65059942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270105","display_name":"Argumentation theory","level":2,"score":0.6204974055290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206355099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3614972","display_name":"Hazard analysis","level":2,"score":0.5926651954650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.552678108215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.5353508591651917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5125539302825928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4978055953979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4474324882030487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.33869311213493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3320334851741791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1833714246749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17184370756149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.1512564718723297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.07674893736839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0714113712310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/ci960095h","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci960095h","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171559003","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences","issn_l":"0095-2338","issn":["0095-2338","1520-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85452594","https://openalex.org/W2015883622","https://openalex.org/W2021289165","https://openalex.org/W2035837996","https://openalex.org/W2037792717"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126912857","https://openalex.org/W4323532555","https://openalex.org/W2097340115","https://openalex.org/W2365669642","https://openalex.org/W2087719002","https://openalex.org/W2361464615","https://openalex.org/W2369809935","https://openalex.org/W2381934886","https://openalex.org/W1985379262","https://openalex.org/W1594095616"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"LHASA":[0],"UK":[1],"Ltd.":[2],"is":[3,22,78,98],"well":[4],"established":[5],"in":[6,27,38,120],"the":[7,30,39,42,72,113,118,130,140],"field":[8],"of":[9,32,62,75,91,112,132,145],"expert":[10,19],"computer":[11,69],"systems":[12],"for":[13,29,71,93],"chemists":[14],"and":[15,50,65,107,123,136,142],"toxicologists.":[16],"A":[17],"rule-based":[18],"system":[20],"approach":[21,103,128],"currently":[23],"being":[24,80],"used":[25],"successfully":[26],"industry":[28],"prediction":[31],"toxicological":[33,106],"hazard.":[34,96],"Each":[35],"rule":[36],"contained":[37],"rule-base":[40],"describes":[41],"relationship":[43],"between":[44],"a":[45,83,88,121],"structural":[46],"feature":[47],"or":[48],"\u201ctoxicophore\u201d":[49],"its":[51],"associated":[52],"toxic":[53],"effect.":[54],"These":[55],"rules":[56],"are":[57,115],"derived":[58],"by":[59,100],"an":[60,101],"evaluation":[61],"toxicological,":[63],"mechanistic,":[64],"physico-chemical":[66,108],"data.":[67],"New":[68],"software":[70],"risk":[73,92,133],"assessment":[74,90,114,131],"chemical":[76],"toxicity":[77],"now":[79],"developed":[81],"as":[82],"collaborative":[84],"project":[85],"which":[86],"includes":[87],"qualitative":[89],"each":[94],"predicted":[95],"This":[97,126],"achieved":[99],"argumentation-based":[102],"using":[104],"general":[105],"concepts.":[109],"The":[110],"results":[111],"presented":[116],"to":[117,138,148],"user":[119],"clear":[122],"standardized":[124],"format.":[125],"novel":[127],"improves":[129],"under":[134],"uncertainty":[135],"aims":[137],"make":[139],"nature":[141],"potential":[143],"impact":[144],"risks":[146],"easier":[147],"understand.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}