{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2061311635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci050498u","title":"Spatial Sign Preprocessing:\u2009 A Simple Way To Impart Moderate Robustness to Multivariate Estimators","display_name":"Spatial Sign Preprocessing:\u2009 A Simple Way To Impart Moderate Robustness to Multivariate Estimators","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2061311635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci050498u","mag":"2061311635","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16711760"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/ci050498u","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci050498u","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167262187","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","issn_l":"1549-9596","issn":["1549-9596","1549-960X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024888245","display_name":"Sven Serneels","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1642-189X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sven Serneels","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040947423","display_name":"Evert De Nolf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evert De Nolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103445000","display_name":"Pierre J. Van Espen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre J. Van Espen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024888245"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1541,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87937046,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"3","first_page":"1402","last_page":"1409"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12417","display_name":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","score":0.9204000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.9097999930381775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-statistics","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","score":0.7732802629470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7695069313049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.7530794143676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.7224023342132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6390455961227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.5840598940849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","score":0.5598500967025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47191765904426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-analysis","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","score":0.45800256729125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.38733023405075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3859725594520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.346145361661911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3367237150669098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2942807376384735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.25667256116867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.07391363382339478}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.7732802629470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7695069313049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.7530794143676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.7224023342132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6390455961227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5840598940849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5598500967025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47191765904426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.45800256729125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.38733023405075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3859725594520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.346145361661911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3367237150669098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2942807376384735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.25667256116867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.07391363382339478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/ci050498u","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ci050498u","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167262187","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","issn_l":"1549-9596","issn":["1549-9596","1549-960X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16711760","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16711760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of chemical information and modeling","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81780775","https://openalex.org/W1496317909","https://openalex.org/W1970169482","https://openalex.org/W1970972107","https://openalex.org/W1981469185","https://openalex.org/W1984643937","https://openalex.org/W2001295697","https://openalex.org/W2007874268","https://openalex.org/W2017422910","https://openalex.org/W2019402276","https://openalex.org/W2029745943","https://openalex.org/W2084105430","https://openalex.org/W2084169316","https://openalex.org/W2111131733","https://openalex.org/W2795431618","https://openalex.org/W2798133463","https://openalex.org/W4299359176"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2406638334","https://openalex.org/W40745829","https://openalex.org/W4318262572","https://openalex.org/W1978357124","https://openalex.org/W1578824628","https://openalex.org/W2032728545","https://openalex.org/W1570805059","https://openalex.org/W4250754046","https://openalex.org/W2036849593","https://openalex.org/W1978174651"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,181],"spatial":[1,20,48,67,85,112,146,169],"sign":[2,49,113,147,170],"is":[3,74,101,126,172,183,200],"a":[4,40,60,89,99,137,186],"multivariate":[5,13],"extension":[6],"of":[7,10,15,43,62,111,132,144,159,194],"the":[8,63,71,82,95,108,123,130,142,145,168,192,207],"concept":[9],"sign.":[11],"Recently":[12],"estimators":[14,30,45],"covariance":[16],"structures":[17],"based":[18,46],"on":[19,47],"signs":[21,86],"have":[22],"been":[23],"examined":[24],"by":[25],"various":[26],"authors.":[27],"These":[28],"new":[29],"are":[31,50],"found":[32],"to":[33,36,53,59,65,84,87,149,155,185,202],"be":[34,88],"robust":[35,157],"outlying":[37],"observations.":[38],"From":[39],"computational":[41],"point":[42],"view,":[44],"very":[51],"easy":[52],"implement":[54],"as":[55,98,122,152,154,206],"they":[56],"boil":[57],"down":[58],"transformation":[61,83,148],"data":[64,134,151,189],"their":[66],"signs,":[68],"from":[69],"which":[70,92],"classical":[72],"estimator":[73],"then":[75],"computed.":[76],"Hence,":[77],"one":[78],"can":[79],"also":[80],"consider":[81],"preprocessing":[90,114],"technique,":[91],"ensures":[93],"that":[94,167],"calibration":[96],"procedure":[97],"whole":[100],"robust.":[102],"In":[103,136],"this":[104],"paper,":[105],"we":[106,140],"examine":[107],"special":[109],"case":[110],"in":[115,129,191],"combination":[116],"with":[117],"partial":[118,160],"least":[119,161],"squares":[120,162],"regression":[121],"latter":[124],"technique":[125],"frequently":[127],"applied":[128,184],"context":[131],"chemical":[133],"analysis.":[135],"simulation":[138],"study,":[139],"compare":[141],"performance":[143],"nontransformed":[150],"well":[153,205],"two":[156],"counterparts":[158],"regression.":[163],"It":[164],"turns":[165],"out":[166],"transform":[171],"fairly":[173],"efficient":[174],"but":[175],"has":[176],"some":[177],"undesirable":[178],"bias":[179],"properties.":[180],"method":[182],"recently":[187],"published":[188],"set":[190],"field":[193],"quantitative":[195],"structure-activity":[196],"relationships,":[197],"where":[198],"it":[199],"seen":[201],"perform":[203],"equally":[204],"previously":[208],"described":[209],"best":[210],"linear":[211],"model":[212],"for":[213],"these":[214],"data.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
