{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990374909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00683","title":"ROBOKOP KG and KGB: Integrated Knowledge Graphs from Federated Sources","display_name":"ROBOKOP KG and KGB: Integrated Knowledge Graphs from Federated Sources","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990374909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00683","mag":"2990374909","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31769676"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00683","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167262187","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","issn_l":"1549-9596","issn":["1549-9596","1549-960X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11646564","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043972221","display_name":"Chris Bizon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69048370","display_name":"Renaissance Computing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01s91ey96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I69048370"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chris Bizon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69048370","https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085106267","display_name":"Steven J. Cox","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-4508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69048370","display_name":"Renaissance Computing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01s91ey96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I69048370"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Cox","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69048370","https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021056529","display_name":"James P. Balhoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8688-6599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69048370","display_name":"Renaissance Computing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01s91ey96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I69048370"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Balhoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69048370","https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056177526","display_name":"Yaphet Kebede","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5046-0246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69048370","display_name":"Renaissance Computing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01s91ey96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I69048370"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaphet Kebede","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69048370","https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064872913","display_name":"Patrick Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3117-8189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127482","display_name":"Applied Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03fwraz06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127482"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CoVar Applied Technologies, Durham, North Carolina 27701, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CoVar Applied Technologies, Durham, North Carolina 27701, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063514515","display_name":"Kenneth D. Morton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9352-8669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127482","display_name":"Applied Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03fwraz06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127482"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Morton","raw_affiliation_strings":["CoVar Applied Technologies, Durham, North Carolina 27701, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CoVar Applied Technologies, Durham, North Carolina 27701, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048781098","display_name":"Karamarie Fecho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6704-9306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69048370","display_name":"Renaissance Computing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01s91ey96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I69048370"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karamarie Fecho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6704-9306","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69048370","https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078536199","display_name":"Alexander Tropsha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3802-8896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Tropsha","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3802-8896","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043972221"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177","https://openalex.org/I69048370"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5001,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94774876,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"12","first_page":"4968","last_page":"4973"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11642","display_name":"Genomics and Rare Diseases","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11642","display_name":"Genomics and Rare Diseases","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.775343120098114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.7676398754119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notional-amount","display_name":"Notional amount","score":0.7673030495643616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.7278666496276855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5646426677703857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.36911386251449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.35897716879844666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3462873697280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3458348214626312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.775343120098114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.7676398754119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192063788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7063049","display_name":"Notional amount","level":2,"score":0.7673030495643616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.7278666496276855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5646426677703857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.36911386251449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.35897716879844666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3462873697280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3458348214626312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051188","descriptor_name":"Knowledge Bases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051188","descriptor_name":"Knowledge Bases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051188","descriptor_name":"Knowledge Bases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051188","descriptor_name":"Knowledge Bases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051188","descriptor_name":"Knowledge Bases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00683","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167262187","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","issn_l":"1549-9596","issn":["1549-9596","1549-960X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31769676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31769676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of chemical information and modeling","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11646564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11646564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Chem Inf Model","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11646564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11646564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Chem Inf Model","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3016838813","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OT2TR002514","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337472","funder_display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337472","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103049419","https://openalex.org/W345989293","https://openalex.org/W1935434993","https://openalex.org/W2019543926","https://openalex.org/W2062584010","https://openalex.org/W2093836734","https://openalex.org/W2103017472","https://openalex.org/W2129370330","https://openalex.org/W2141545183","https://openalex.org/W2159482845","https://openalex.org/W2165681080","https://openalex.org/W2168316093","https://openalex.org/W2187413858","https://openalex.org/W2347037915","https://openalex.org/W2408641126","https://openalex.org/W2539985226","https://openalex.org/W2558366645","https://openalex.org/W2558999090","https://openalex.org/W2602816981","https://openalex.org/W2610569243","https://openalex.org/W2734806099","https://openalex.org/W2767891136","https://openalex.org/W2770026599","https://openalex.org/W2895855977","https://openalex.org/W2899070097","https://openalex.org/W2900044275","https://openalex.org/W2901303766","https://openalex.org/W2901332105","https://openalex.org/W2908059626","https://openalex.org/W2916047525","https://openalex.org/W2950595506","https://openalex.org/W2968353232","https://openalex.org/W2973062138","https://openalex.org/W3136918052","https://openalex.org/W4237358891","https://openalex.org/W4250359879","https://openalex.org/W4294216483"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4300185858","https://openalex.org/W1593635781","https://openalex.org/W3143683079","https://openalex.org/W4229444016","https://openalex.org/W4389831142","https://openalex.org/W1524721630","https://openalex.org/W1499627774","https://openalex.org/W2233221338","https://openalex.org/W3124466727","https://openalex.org/W2054026175"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"proliferation":[1],"of":[2,11,21,105],"data":[3,36,48,107],"sources":[4],"has":[5],"led":[6],"to":[7,41,63,98],"the":[8,65,83,91],"notional":[9],"existence":[10],"an":[12,95],"implicit":[13],"Knowledge":[14,85],"Graph":[15,86],"(KG)":[16],"that":[17,59],"contains":[18],"vast":[19],"amounts":[20],"biological":[22],"knowledge":[23],"contributed":[24],"by":[25],"distributed":[26],"Application":[27],"Programming":[28],"Interfaces":[29],"(APIs).":[30],"However,":[31],"challenges":[32],"arise":[33],"when":[34],"integrating":[35],"across":[37],"multiple":[38],"APIs":[39],"due":[40],"incompatible":[42],"semantic":[43],"types,":[44],"identifier":[45],"schemes,":[46],"and":[47,93,103],"formats.":[49],"We":[50],"present":[51,82],"ROBOKOP":[52,70,84],"KG":[53,58,92],"(http://robokopkg.renci.org),":[54],"which":[55,89],"is":[56],"a":[57],"was":[60],"initially":[61],"built":[62],"support":[64],"open":[66],"biomedical":[67],"question-answering":[68],"application,":[69],"(Reasoning":[71],"Over":[72],"Biomedical":[73],"Objects":[74],"linked":[75],"in":[76],"Knowledge-Oriented":[77],"Pathways)":[78],"(http://robokop.renci.org).":[79],"Additionally,":[80],"we":[81],"Builder":[87],"(KGB),":[88],"constructs":[90],"provides":[94],"extensible":[96],"framework":[97],"handle":[99],"graph":[100],"query":[101],"over":[102],"integration":[104],"federated":[106],"sources.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-05-16T08:24:45.110214","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
