{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414291846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.5c01626","title":"Structural Basis of PAM-Induced Conformational Changes in SpCas9: A Molecular Dynamics Study","display_name":"Structural Basis of PAM-Induced Conformational Changes in SpCas9: A Molecular Dynamics Study","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414291846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.5c01626","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40959957"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.5c01626","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.5c01626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167262187","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","issn_l":"1549-9596","issn":["1549-9596","1549-960X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100371632","display_name":"Tianyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-740X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110242","display_name":"Digital Science (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/020h4b682","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110242","https://openalex.org/I4210112888","https://openalex.org/I4210118830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154005","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03ab0at74","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154005","https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University","State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering","State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110242","https://openalex.org/I4387154005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154005","https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101617943","display_name":"Guang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8754-1541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199305430","display_name":"Nantong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02afcvw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125581","display_name":"Changshu No.1 People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/032hk6448","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125581"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University","Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University, Changshu 215500, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430","https://openalex.org/I4210125581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University, Changshu 215500, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125581"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075420800","display_name":"Jie Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-2732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110242","display_name":"Digital Science (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/020h4b682","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110242","https://openalex.org/I4210112888","https://openalex.org/I4210118830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154005","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03ab0at74","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154005","https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiye Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University","State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering","State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110242","https://openalex.org/I4387154005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154005","https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048354020","display_name":"Jing Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1310-5915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110242","display_name":"Digital Science (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/020h4b682","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110242","https://openalex.org/I4210112888","https://openalex.org/I4210118830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154005","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03ab0at74","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154005","https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jing Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University","State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering","State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1310-5915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110242","https://openalex.org/I4387154005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154005","https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048354020"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110242","https://openalex.org/I4387154005","https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15125107,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"19","first_page":"10624","last_page":"10633"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10878","display_name":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10878","display_name":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10676","display_name":"Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1302","display_name":"Aging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11150","display_name":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-dynamics","display_name":"Molecular dynamics","score":0.682699978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ternary-complex","display_name":"Ternary complex","score":0.5963000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformational-change","display_name":"Conformational change","score":0.45840001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.42340001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-protein-binding","display_name":"Plasma protein binding","score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crispr","display_name":"CRISPR","score":0.37959998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cas9","display_name":"Cas9","score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cleavage","display_name":"Cleavage (geology)","score":0.3564000129699707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59593255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901663","display_name":"Molecular dynamics","level":2,"score":0.682699978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86756495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7702931","display_name":"Ternary complex","level":3,"score":0.5963000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5335999727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777339483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647203","display_name":"Conformational change","level":2,"score":0.45840001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.42340001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51639874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167149","display_name":"Plasma protein binding","level":2,"score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98108389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412563","display_name":"CRISPR","level":3,"score":0.37959998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.37610000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132455925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16965677","display_name":"Cas9","level":4,"score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175156509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990218","display_name":"Cleavage (geology)","level":3,"score":0.3564000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100631289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898362","display_name":"Posttranslational modification","level":3,"score":0.35530000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47701112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735188","display_name":"Protein structure","level":2,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989255885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500256","display_name":"Molecular conformation","level":3,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777936996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17148461","display_name":"Conformational ensembles","level":3,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32123652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2451605","display_name":"Molecular switch","level":3,"score":0.3027999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12426560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189569","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","level":2,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178910836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2196961","display_name":"Molecular model","level":2,"score":0.25609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179303850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4300362","display_name":"Molecular recognition","level":3,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076987","descriptor_name":"CRISPR-Associated Protein 9","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076987","descriptor_name":"CRISPR-Associated Protein 9","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076987","descriptor_name":"CRISPR-Associated Protein 9","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076987","descriptor_name":"CRISPR-Associated Protein 9","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000094704","descriptor_name":"RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000094704","descriptor_name":"RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000094704","descriptor_name":"RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000094704","descriptor_name":"RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004247","descriptor_name":"DNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004247","descriptor_name":"DNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004247","descriptor_name":"DNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004247","descriptor_name":"DNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011487","descriptor_name":"Protein Conformation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011487","descriptor_name":"Protein Conformation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056004","descriptor_name":"Molecular Dynamics Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056004","descriptor_name":"Molecular Dynamics Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064113","descriptor_name":"CRISPR-Cas Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064113","descriptor_name":"CRISPR-Cas Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.5c01626","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.5c01626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167262187","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","issn_l":"1549-9596","issn":["1549-9596","1549-960X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40959957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40959957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of chemical information and modeling","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2978207156","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371128","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8904932871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2242023K5005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522205938","https://openalex.org/W1970196890","https://openalex.org/W1990487336","https://openalex.org/W2003171404","https://openalex.org/W2007898019","https://openalex.org/W2010986636","https://openalex.org/W2021520922","https://openalex.org/W2035687084","https://openalex.org/W2036176224","https://openalex.org/W2064815984","https://openalex.org/W2086860427","https://openalex.org/W2107959600","https://openalex.org/W2108038398","https://openalex.org/W2118746294","https://openalex.org/W2132262459","https://openalex.org/W2135598273","https://openalex.org/W2142515819","https://openalex.org/W2147993766","https://openalex.org/W2153344788","https://openalex.org/W2154319440","https://openalex.org/W2162049340","https://openalex.org/W2162166182","https://openalex.org/W2166139447","https://openalex.org/W2168933209","https://openalex.org/W2169244146","https://openalex.org/W2325034207","https://openalex.org/W2510638623","https://openalex.org/W2550897879","https://openalex.org/W2564698355","https://openalex.org/W2656673982","https://openalex.org/W2726053863","https://openalex.org/W2741956225","https://openalex.org/W2766354636","https://openalex.org/W2774078190","https://openalex.org/W2885445984","https://openalex.org/W2906655493","https://openalex.org/W2921808963","https://openalex.org/W2946141597","https://openalex.org/W2996960886","https://openalex.org/W3007852986","https://openalex.org/W3011718018","https://openalex.org/W3046751266","https://openalex.org/W3123122710","https://openalex.org/W3135534391","https://openalex.org/W3214553684","https://openalex.org/W4206677916","https://openalex.org/W4214881544","https://openalex.org/W4225987457","https://openalex.org/W4226101692","https://openalex.org/W4245053291","https://openalex.org/W4247523580","https://openalex.org/W4281652498","https://openalex.org/W4282926991","https://openalex.org/W4293004809","https://openalex.org/W4294993029","https://openalex.org/W4302362355","https://openalex.org/W4313367009","https://openalex.org/W4317437864","https://openalex.org/W4322422871","https://openalex.org/W4378173333","https://openalex.org/W4387930656","https://openalex.org/W4390245829","https://openalex.org/W4392502306","https://openalex.org/W4394725624","https://openalex.org/W4405892678","https://openalex.org/W4407028876","https://openalex.org/W4408903742","https://openalex.org/W4409979035"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,20,60,76,80,105,118,124,134],"most":[2],"widely":[3],"utilized":[4],"CRISPR":[5],"gene-editing":[6],"enzyme,":[7],"SpCas9":[8,36,97],"has":[9,33],"been":[10],"extensively":[11],"studied":[12],"and":[13,103],"applied.":[14],"However,":[15],"its":[16,27],"strict":[17],"dependence":[18],"on":[19],"canonical":[21],"NGG":[22],"PAM":[23,65,88,126,139],"sequence":[24],"significantly":[25],"restricts":[26],"targeting":[28],"scope.":[29],"Although":[30],"recent":[31],"research":[32],"successfully":[34],"engineered":[35],"variants":[37,45],"capable":[38],"of":[39,137],"recognizing":[40],"noncanonical":[41,51,64,101,125,138],"(non-NGG)":[42],"PAMs,":[43,52],"these":[44,109],"still":[46],"exhibit":[47],"limitations":[48],"when":[49,84],"binding":[50,127],"including":[53],"substantially":[54],"reduced":[55],"cleavage":[56],"efficiency.":[57],"To":[58],"elucidate":[59],"molecular":[61,71],"mechanisms":[62,107],"underlying":[63],"recognition":[66],"by":[67],"SpCas9,":[68],"we":[69],"employed":[70],"dynamics":[72],"simulations":[73],"to":[74,86],"compare":[75],"structural":[77],"differences":[78],"within":[79,96],"Cas9-gRNA-DNA":[81],"ternary":[82],"complex":[83],"bound":[85],"various":[87],"sequences.":[89],"Our":[90],"analysis":[91],"revealed":[92],"significant":[93],"conformational":[94,120],"changes":[95],"upon":[98],"engagement":[99],"with":[100],"PAMs":[102],"uncovered":[104],"regulatory":[106],"underpinning":[108],"changes.":[110],"We":[111],"further":[112],"identified":[113],"key":[114],"dynamic":[115,135],"determinants":[116],"governing":[117],"extensive":[119],"transitions":[121],"occurring":[122],"during":[123],"process.":[128],"These":[129],"findings":[130],"provide":[131],"insights":[132],"into":[133],"landscape":[136],"recognition,":[140],"offering":[141],"crucial":[142],"mechanistic":[143],"guidance":[144],"for":[145],"designing":[146],"efficient,":[147],"PAM-compatible":[148],"Cas9":[149],"variants.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}