{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404615884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.4c01234","title":"The Application of Machine Learning in Doping Detection","display_name":"The Application of Machine Learning in Doping Detection","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404615884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.4c01234","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39574320"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.4c01234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.4c01234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167262187","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","issn_l":"1549-9596","issn":["1549-9596","1549-960X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034454494","display_name":"Qingxiong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4378-2335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingqing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026042916","display_name":"Weiqin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7072-8158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wennuo Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034874264","display_name":"Xiaodong Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9852-160X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodong Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100362873","display_name":"Qin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-9195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103093694","display_name":"Bing Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1207-5184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bing Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1207-5184","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100362873","https://openalex.org/A5103093694"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2728,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94395386,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"23","first_page":"8673","last_page":"8683"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12700","display_name":"Doping in Sports","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12700","display_name":"Doping in Sports","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.9197999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5590001940727234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.492301344871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4827941656112671}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5590001940727234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.492301344871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4827941656112671}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004300","descriptor_name":"Doping in Sports","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004300","descriptor_name":"Doping in Sports","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004300","descriptor_name":"Doping in Sports","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004300","descriptor_name":"Doping in Sports","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015813","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse Detection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015813","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse Detection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015813","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse Detection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015813","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse Detection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055432","descriptor_name":"Metabolomics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055432","descriptor_name":"Metabolomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055432","descriptor_name":"Metabolomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055432","descriptor_name":"Metabolomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.4c01234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.4c01234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167262187","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","issn_l":"1549-9596","issn":["1549-9596","1549-960X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39574320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39574320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of chemical information and modeling","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565541955","https://openalex.org/W1674239359","https://openalex.org/W1863571823","https://openalex.org/W1901616594","https://openalex.org/W1964263474","https://openalex.org/W1974860317","https://openalex.org/W1979166097","https://openalex.org/W1980563645","https://openalex.org/W1994109434","https://openalex.org/W2003145264","https://openalex.org/W2009631248","https://openalex.org/W2013434080","https://openalex.org/W2019067204","https://openalex.org/W2028421938","https://openalex.org/W2030492465","https://openalex.org/W2045468823","https://openalex.org/W2058841552","https://openalex.org/W2065856422","https://openalex.org/W2074934536","https://openalex.org/W2080562691","https://openalex.org/W2083885283","https://openalex.org/W2087167792","https://openalex.org/W2106983444","https://openalex.org/W2113145892","https://openalex.org/W2113726911","https://openalex.org/W2114087912","https://openalex.org/W2114132624","https://openalex.org/W2114810117","https://openalex.org/W2152498377","https://openalex.org/W2155687107","https://openalex.org/W2165400242","https://openalex.org/W2166427352","https://openalex.org/W2256723266","https://openalex.org/W2312446238","https://openalex.org/W2342603028","https://openalex.org/W2398789413","https://openalex.org/W2590976943","https://openalex.org/W2615057204","https://openalex.org/W2747509981","https://openalex.org/W2765495891","https://openalex.org/W2782354627","https://openalex.org/W2783380896","https://openalex.org/W2794323597","https://openalex.org/W2794652876","https://openalex.org/W2885770726","https://openalex.org/W2889206220","https://openalex.org/W2899522789","https://openalex.org/W2906432502","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2944954104","https://openalex.org/W2949000479","https://openalex.org/W3000240243","https://openalex.org/W3005147403","https://openalex.org/W3048804154","https://openalex.org/W3048876656","https://openalex.org/W3120780657","https://openalex.org/W3133110346","https://openalex.org/W3135803929","https://openalex.org/W3138391377","https://openalex.org/W3139333015","https://openalex.org/W3150692941","https://openalex.org/W3197775693","https://openalex.org/W3209313881","https://openalex.org/W3216958984","https://openalex.org/W4205405113","https://openalex.org/W4211131364","https://openalex.org/W4220845501","https://openalex.org/W4221118012","https://openalex.org/W4230023680","https://openalex.org/W4292975728","https://openalex.org/W4295193283","https://openalex.org/W4311134602","https://openalex.org/W4316038883","https://openalex.org/W4316663523","https://openalex.org/W4379883277","https://openalex.org/W4384823327","https://openalex.org/W4385163826","https://openalex.org/W4387599646","https://openalex.org/W4387729240"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detecting":[0],"doping":[1,47,129],"agents":[2],"in":[3,67,103,142],"sports":[4,143],"poses":[5],"a":[6,42],"significant":[7],"challenge":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,35,45,119],"the":[11,60,73,76,93,121,136],"continuous":[12],"emergence":[13],"of":[14,63,78,95,98,123,138],"new":[15],"prohibited":[16],"substances":[17],"and":[18,32,49,65,75,114,126,140],"methods.":[19],"Traditional":[20],"detection":[21,130],"methods":[22,131],"primarily":[23],"rely":[24],"on":[25],"targeted":[26],"analysis,":[27],"which":[28],"is":[29,33],"often":[30],"labor-intensive":[31],"susceptible":[34],"errors.":[36],"In":[37],"response,":[38],"machine":[39,57,86,115],"learning":[40,58,87,116],"offers":[41],"transformative":[43],"approach":[44],"enhancing":[46],"screening":[48],"detection.":[50,79],"With":[51],"its":[52],"powerful":[53],"data":[54],"analysis":[55,113],"capabilities,":[56],"enables":[59],"rapid":[61],"identification":[62],"patterns":[64],"features":[66],"complex":[68],"compound":[69],"data,":[70],"increasing":[71],"both":[72],"efficiency":[74],"accuracy":[77],"Moreover,":[80],"when":[81],"integrated":[82],"with":[83],"nontargeted":[84],"metabolomics,":[85],"can":[88],"predict":[89],"unknown":[90],"metabolites,":[91],"aiding":[92],"discovery":[94],"long-lasting":[96],"biomarkers":[97],"doping.":[99],"It":[100],"also":[101],"excels":[102],"classifying":[104],"novel":[105],"compounds,":[106],"thereby":[107],"reducing":[108],"false-negative":[109],"rates.":[110],"As":[111],"instrumental":[112],"technologies":[117],"continue":[118],"advance,":[120],"development":[122],"rapid,":[124],"scalable,":[125],"highly":[127],"efficient":[128],"becomes":[132],"increasingly":[133],"feasible,":[134],"supporting":[135],"pursuit":[137],"fairness":[139],"integrity":[141],"competitions.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
