{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982475995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324999002132","title":"The Verbmobil prototype system \u2013 a software engineering perspective","display_name":"The Verbmobil prototype system \u2013 a software engineering perspective","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982475995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324999002132","mag":"1982475995"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1351324999002132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324999002132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18088403","display_name":"Natural Language Engineering","issn_l":"1351-3249","issn":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Language Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049044714","display_name":"Thomas Bub","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130237","display_name":"Gobio (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/02r6x2c23","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130237"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"THOMAS BUB","raw_affiliation_strings":["debis Systemhaus, Goebelstrasse 1-3, D - 64293 Darmstadt, Germany; e-mail:","e-mail:","debis Systemhaus, Goebelstrasse 1-3, D - 64293 Darmstadt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"debis Systemhaus, Goebelstrasse 1-3, D - 64293 Darmstadt, Germany; e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130237"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"e-mail:","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"debis Systemhaus, Goebelstrasse 1-3, D - 64293 Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090349176","display_name":"Johannes Schwinn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33256026","display_name":"German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01ayc5b57","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JOHANNES SCHWINN","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence GmbH (DFKI) Erwin-Schr\u00f6dinger-Stra\u00dfe, D-67608 Kaiserslautern, Germany; e-mail:","German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence GmbH (DFKI) Erwin-Schr\u00f6dinger-Stra\u00dfe, D-67608 Kaiserslautern, Germany","e-mail:"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence GmbH (DFKI) Erwin-Schr\u00f6dinger-Stra\u00dfe, D-67608 Kaiserslautern, Germany; e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence GmbH (DFKI) Erwin-Schr\u00f6dinger-Stra\u00dfe, D-67608 Kaiserslautern, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"e-mail:","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049044714"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130237"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8779,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82215743,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"95","last_page":"112"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9573000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8272294998168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.6650688052177429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.44752466678619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.41818031668663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.24156713485717773}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8272294998168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.6650688052177429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.44752466678619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.41818031668663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.24156713485717773}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1351324999002132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324999002132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18088403","display_name":"Natural Language Engineering","issn_l":"1351-3249","issn":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Language Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15443979","https://openalex.org/W1562694524","https://openalex.org/W1572266655","https://openalex.org/W1600295033","https://openalex.org/W2008112715","https://openalex.org/W2038013119","https://openalex.org/W2045796682","https://openalex.org/W2060369721","https://openalex.org/W2126801635","https://openalex.org/W2132996111","https://openalex.org/W2152181798"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2476117260","https://openalex.org/W2770531922","https://openalex.org/W1845068655","https://openalex.org/W4321354308","https://openalex.org/W3092441607","https://openalex.org/W3118244000","https://openalex.org/W3121161786","https://openalex.org/W2290299503","https://openalex.org/W3029851195","https://openalex.org/W2046884474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Verbmobil":[0,54,180],"represents":[1],"a":[2,164,184],"new":[3],"generation":[4],"of":[5,23,46,61,72,117,127,213,222,229,236],"speech-to-speech":[6],"translation":[7],"systems":[8],"in":[9,59,143,148],"which":[10,89,203],"spontaneously":[11],"spoken":[12],"language,":[13],"speaker":[14],"independence":[15],"and":[16,25,31,51,98,109,115,130,161,199],"adaptability":[17],"as":[18,20],"well":[19],"the":[21,29,35,44,57,69,84,93,107,113,118,125,149,172,179,191,197,210,218,223,227,230,234,237],"combination":[22],"deep":[24],"shallow":[26],"approaches":[27],"to":[28,95,155,171],"analysis":[30],"transfer":[32],"problems":[33],"are":[34,146],"main":[36,66],"features.":[37],"The":[38,74],"project":[39,76,86,119,128,239],"brought":[40],"together":[41],"researchers":[42,136],"from":[43,106,137,183],"fields":[45],"signal":[47],"processing,":[48],"computational":[49],"linguistics":[50],"artificial":[52],"intelligence.":[53],"goes":[55],"beyond":[56],"state-of-the-art":[58],"each":[60],"these":[62],"areas,":[63],"but":[64],"its":[65],"achievement":[67],"is":[68],"seamless":[70],"integration":[71],"them.":[73],"first":[75,238],"phase":[77,87],"(1993\u20131996)":[78],"has":[79],"been":[80],"followed":[81],"up":[82],"by":[83,233],"second":[85],"(1997\u20132000),":[88],"aims":[90],"at":[91,99,140],"applying":[92],"results":[94],"further":[96],"languages":[97],"integrating":[100],"innovative":[101],"telecooperation":[102],"techniques.":[103],"Quite":[104],"apart":[105],"speech":[108],"language":[110],"processing":[111],"issues,":[112],"size":[114],"complexity":[116],"represent":[120],"an":[121],"extreme":[122],"challenge":[123],"on":[124],"areas":[126],"management":[129],"software":[131,150,201],"engineering:":[132],"[bull":[133,153,189,195,208,216,225],"]":[134,154,190,196,209,217,226],"50":[135],"29":[138],"organizations":[139],"different":[141,144],"sites":[142],"countries":[145],"involved":[147],"development":[151],"process,":[152],"reuse":[156],"existing":[157],"software,":[158],"hardware,":[159],"knowledge":[160],"experience,":[162],"only":[163],"few":[165],"technical":[166],"restrictions":[167],"could":[168],"be":[169],"given":[170],"partners.":[173],"In":[174],"this":[175],"article":[176],"we":[177],"describe":[178],"prototype":[181],"system":[182,214,231],"software-engineering":[185],"perspective.":[186],"We":[187],"discuss:":[188],"modularized":[192],"functional":[193,206],"architecture,":[194,207],"flexible":[198],"extensible":[200],"architecture":[202],"reflects":[204],"that":[205],"evolutionary":[211],"process":[212],"integration,":[215],"communication-based":[219],"organizational":[220],"structure":[221],"project,":[224],"evaluation":[228],"operational":[232],"end":[235],"phase.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}