{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2135345655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324911000313","title":"Automated unsupervised authorship analysis using evidence accumulation clustering","display_name":"Automated unsupervised authorship analysis using evidence accumulation clustering","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2135345655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324911000313","mag":"2135345655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1351324911000313","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324911000313","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18088403","display_name":"Natural Language Engineering","issn_l":"1351-3249","issn":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Language Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015963607","display_name":"Robert Layton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8695-7425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149672521","display_name":"Federation University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbzwv83","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"ROBERT LAYTON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet Commerce Security Laboratory, University of Ballarat, Australia e-mails:","Internet Commerce Security Laboratory, University of Ballarat, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet Commerce Security Laboratory, University of Ballarat, Australia e-mails:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet Commerce Security Laboratory, University of Ballarat, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074086920","display_name":"Paul Watters","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1399-7175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149672521","display_name":"Federation University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbzwv83","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"PAUL WATTERS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet Commerce Security Laboratory, University of Ballarat, Australia e-mails:","Internet Commerce Security Laboratory, University of Ballarat, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet Commerce Security Laboratory, University of Ballarat, Australia e-mails:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet Commerce Security Laboratory, University of Ballarat, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032749222","display_name":"Richard Dazeley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6199-9685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149672521","display_name":"Federation University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbzwv83","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"RICHARD DAZELEY","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Mining and Informatics Research Group, University of Ballarat, Australia e-mail:","Data Mining and Informatics Research Group, University of Ballarat, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Mining and Informatics Research Group, University of Ballarat, Australia e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Mining and Informatics Research Group, University of Ballarat, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015963607"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.4842,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97143795,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"95","last_page":"120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9736999869346619,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8785209059715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7445954084396362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profiling","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","score":0.6000396013259888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5061015486717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-clustering","display_name":"Document clustering","score":0.49944019317626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.49591168761253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4753703474998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.44591474533081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3935072422027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.337543785572052}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8785209059715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7445954084396362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.6000396013259888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5061015486717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177937566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4223102","display_name":"Document clustering","level":3,"score":0.49944019317626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.49591168761253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4753703474998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.44591474533081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3935072422027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.337543785572052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1351324911000313","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324911000313","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18088403","display_name":"Natural Language Engineering","issn_l":"1351-3249","issn":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Language Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:vital:4856","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/63717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400234","display_name":"FedUni ResearchOnline (Federation University Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210158496","host_organization_name":"Australian Federation of University Women \u2013 South Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158496"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dro.deakin.edu.au:DU:30109326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402457","display_name":"Deakin Research Online (Deakin University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","host_organization_name":"Deakin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515125806","https://openalex.org/W1529790664","https://openalex.org/W1539187029","https://openalex.org/W1570587793","https://openalex.org/W1593704109","https://openalex.org/W1598135513","https://openalex.org/W1608320902","https://openalex.org/W1609887161","https://openalex.org/W1651093245","https://openalex.org/W1816167855","https://openalex.org/W1848489993","https://openalex.org/W1976554728","https://openalex.org/W1984010941","https://openalex.org/W1987971958","https://openalex.org/W2005624335","https://openalex.org/W2007209062","https://openalex.org/W2008030886","https://openalex.org/W2017361309","https://openalex.org/W2028243078","https://openalex.org/W2043976122","https://openalex.org/W2053377618","https://openalex.org/W2055063781","https://openalex.org/W2057230177","https://openalex.org/W2057450754","https://openalex.org/W2059394148","https://openalex.org/W2065218635","https://openalex.org/W2065297910","https://openalex.org/W2065311994","https://openalex.org/W2068192101","https://openalex.org/W2071629922","https://openalex.org/W2072828027","https://openalex.org/W2076333420","https://openalex.org/W2077620588","https://openalex.org/W2091692346","https://openalex.org/W2092475127","https://openalex.org/W2098434511","https://openalex.org/W2118425947","https://openalex.org/W2125962012","https://openalex.org/W2138615112","https://openalex.org/W2151357015","https://openalex.org/W2153233077","https://openalex.org/W2156695938","https://openalex.org/W2158295279","https://openalex.org/W2161020477","https://openalex.org/W2162757856","https://openalex.org/W2180101149","https://openalex.org/W2263671065","https://openalex.org/W2489822048","https://openalex.org/W2561675875","https://openalex.org/W2618735189","https://openalex.org/W2912780347","https://openalex.org/W3146675199","https://openalex.org/W3151491250","https://openalex.org/W4206031910","https://openalex.org/W4233222725","https://openalex.org/W4235885086","https://openalex.org/W4243957593","https://openalex.org/W4250089123","https://openalex.org/W4252135468","https://openalex.org/W4254004579","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6631592667","https://openalex.org/W6632450909","https://openalex.org/W6635584929","https://openalex.org/W6636334141","https://openalex.org/W6667384575","https://openalex.org/W6669213567","https://openalex.org/W6685778296"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2161444195","https://openalex.org/W2589019771","https://openalex.org/W1795405792","https://openalex.org/W2019737068","https://openalex.org/W2899601636","https://openalex.org/W4254379378","https://openalex.org/W3015674157","https://openalex.org/W4206655101","https://openalex.org/W4237592971","https://openalex.org/W2387982377"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Authorship":[1],"Analysis":[2],"aims":[3],"to":[4,53,80,134],"extract":[5],"information":[6,89],"about":[7],"the":[8,26,30,55,82,127,135],"authorship":[9,61,105,137],"of":[10,28,32,38,40,58,60,87,92,138],"documents":[11,39,93,103],"from":[12],"features":[13],"within":[14,62],"those":[15],"documents.":[16,140],"Typically,":[17],"this":[18,109],"is":[19,69,106,113],"performed":[20],"as":[21,50],"a":[22,33,36,63,70,131],"classification":[23],"task":[24],"with":[25],"aim":[27],"identifying":[29],"author":[31],"document,":[34],"given":[35],"set":[37],"known":[41],"authorship.":[42,95],"Alternatively,":[43],"unsupervised":[44,78,99],"methods":[45,79],"have":[46,130],"been":[47],"developed":[48],"primarily":[49],"visualisation":[51],"tools":[52],"assist":[54],"manual":[56],"discovery":[57],"clusters":[59,129],"corpus":[64],"by":[65,94,104],"analysts.":[66],"However,":[67],"there":[68],"need":[71],"in":[72,108],"many":[73],"fields":[74],"for":[75,101,116],"more":[76],"sophisticated":[77],"automate":[81],"discovery,":[83],"profiling":[84],"and":[85,98],"organisation":[86],"related":[88],"through":[90],"clustering":[91,102],"An":[96],"automated":[97],"methodology":[100,112],"proposed":[107],"paper.":[110],"The":[111],"named":[114],"NUANCE,":[115],"n":[117],"-gram":[118],"Unsupervised":[119],"Automated":[120],"Natural":[121],"Cluster":[122],"Ensemble.":[123],"Testing":[124],"indicates":[125],"that":[126],"derived":[128],"strong":[132],"correlation":[133],"true":[136],"unseen":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}